The human spleen after trauma Leemans, Rob
... approximately 8 times more than through all lymph nodes23. The lymphocytes enter the spleen through the arterial bloodstream and migrate to several splenic compartments. T-lymphocytes rapidly enter the central part of the periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths (PALS), while B-lymphocytes persist in more p ...
... approximately 8 times more than through all lymph nodes23. The lymphocytes enter the spleen through the arterial bloodstream and migrate to several splenic compartments. T-lymphocytes rapidly enter the central part of the periarteriolar lymphatic sheaths (PALS), while B-lymphocytes persist in more p ...
A-type CpG ODN with higher binding affinity to LvToll1 could
... Litopenaeus vannamei (Sun et al., 2013). Although CpG ODNs have been reported to induce immune response in crustacean, the mechanism of immune enhancement triggered by different type of CpG ODN is still not well understood. It has been reported that CpG ODNs could activate the IFN-related antiviral ...
... Litopenaeus vannamei (Sun et al., 2013). Although CpG ODNs have been reported to induce immune response in crustacean, the mechanism of immune enhancement triggered by different type of CpG ODN is still not well understood. It has been reported that CpG ODNs could activate the IFN-related antiviral ...
Regulation of Arginine-Ornithine Exchange and the Arginine
... 22), and there is evidence for a four-gene cluster in P. aeruginosa encoding ADI, ornithine carbamoyltransferase, carbamate kinase, and a gene product not yet identified (27). For these and other organisms, arginine has been shown to give a inductive response, whereas conditions which favor the ener ...
... 22), and there is evidence for a four-gene cluster in P. aeruginosa encoding ADI, ornithine carbamoyltransferase, carbamate kinase, and a gene product not yet identified (27). For these and other organisms, arginine has been shown to give a inductive response, whereas conditions which favor the ener ...
The Characteristics of the Cell-Mediated Immune Response Identify
... presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum, but HBV also can persist decades after acute hepatitis along with a readily detectable memory T-cell response,2,3 despite a profound down-regulation of HBV gene expression4 – 6 under the effect of the protective antiviral immune response. ...
... presence of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) in the serum, but HBV also can persist decades after acute hepatitis along with a readily detectable memory T-cell response,2,3 despite a profound down-regulation of HBV gene expression4 – 6 under the effect of the protective antiviral immune response. ...
TOWARDS A DETAILED UNDERSTANDING OF THE RED BLOOD
... indicating that an increase in the destruction of RBCs per se did not induce an inflammatory response. Eryptosis is a form of induced RBC death associated with an increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ uptake. We found that a subset of human RBCs increased their Ca2+ permeability during prolonged storage at +4° ...
... indicating that an increase in the destruction of RBCs per se did not induce an inflammatory response. Eryptosis is a form of induced RBC death associated with an increased cytoplasmic Ca2+ uptake. We found that a subset of human RBCs increased their Ca2+ permeability during prolonged storage at +4° ...
Computational approaches to predict bacteriophage–host
... susceptible to interventions that will disrupt the phage replication lifecycle. For instance, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are a mechanism of acquired bacterial immunity to phages that recognizes and memorizes short subsequences from the genome of the viral inv ...
... susceptible to interventions that will disrupt the phage replication lifecycle. For instance, clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPRs) are a mechanism of acquired bacterial immunity to phages that recognizes and memorizes short subsequences from the genome of the viral inv ...
Population Structure and Functional Analyses, by In
... Reliable techniques to detect, identify, and quantify microorganisms are required for analyzing microbial communities in environmental samples. The simplest solution would be the microscopic identification of microbial cells based on morphological criteria. However, in contrast to animals and plants ...
... Reliable techniques to detect, identify, and quantify microorganisms are required for analyzing microbial communities in environmental samples. The simplest solution would be the microscopic identification of microbial cells based on morphological criteria. However, in contrast to animals and plants ...
Print - Circulation Research
... the NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox in the subfornical organ reduces hypertension and T cell activation, while activation of sympathetic outflow by deletion of the extracellular superoxide dismutase in the subfornical organ enhances T cell activation.2, 8, 9 The mechanisms underlying this link between ...
... the NADPH oxidase subunit p22phox in the subfornical organ reduces hypertension and T cell activation, while activation of sympathetic outflow by deletion of the extracellular superoxide dismutase in the subfornical organ enhances T cell activation.2, 8, 9 The mechanisms underlying this link between ...
Ronald van Ree
... Why are IgE responses always so low compared to IgG responses? Half-life of IgE is very short but this can not explain the 1000-fold difference in serum titers. A major cause most likely is the poor generation of memory B-cells for IgE caused by inefficient processing of mRNA for membrane IgE. Circ ...
... Why are IgE responses always so low compared to IgG responses? Half-life of IgE is very short but this can not explain the 1000-fold difference in serum titers. A major cause most likely is the poor generation of memory B-cells for IgE caused by inefficient processing of mRNA for membrane IgE. Circ ...
Morphology, physiology of microorganisms. Virology
... 65. Living, unstained cells and organisms can be observed best using A. fluorescent microscopy B. transmission electron microscopy C. Scan. Electron microscopy D. light microscopy E. *phase contrast microscopy 66. Living, unstained cells and organisms can be observed best using A. fluorescent micros ...
... 65. Living, unstained cells and organisms can be observed best using A. fluorescent microscopy B. transmission electron microscopy C. Scan. Electron microscopy D. light microscopy E. *phase contrast microscopy 66. Living, unstained cells and organisms can be observed best using A. fluorescent micros ...
Dengue hemorrhagic fever with special emphasis on
... for three structural proteins, the capsid (C) protein, preM, the precursor to the membrane (M) protein, the envelope (E) protein, and seven non-structural proteins, the NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5 [3]. Dengue virion has a spherical shape with 40–50 nm in diameter [4]. The envelope is a ...
... for three structural proteins, the capsid (C) protein, preM, the precursor to the membrane (M) protein, the envelope (E) protein, and seven non-structural proteins, the NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B, and NS5 [3]. Dengue virion has a spherical shape with 40–50 nm in diameter [4]. The envelope is a ...
Peer-Review Draft: Report on Carcinogens Monograph on Merkel Cell Polyomavirus
... The RoC draft monograph for each virus consists of the following components: (Part 1) the cancer evaluation component that reviews the relevant scientific information and assesses its quality, applies the RoC listing criteria to the scientific information, and recommends an RoC listing status, and ( ...
... The RoC draft monograph for each virus consists of the following components: (Part 1) the cancer evaluation component that reviews the relevant scientific information and assesses its quality, applies the RoC listing criteria to the scientific information, and recommends an RoC listing status, and ( ...
Microbiology Courses (MICR)
... Overview of bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotic microorganisms that cause human disease; microbial structure, growth control and reproduction; immunology in the context of host defense mechanisms. Prerequisites: BIOL:1411 or BIOL:1140 or BIOL:1141. Requirements: pre-nursing standing. MICR:3165 Bacteri ...
... Overview of bacteria, viruses, and eukaryotic microorganisms that cause human disease; microbial structure, growth control and reproduction; immunology in the context of host defense mechanisms. Prerequisites: BIOL:1411 or BIOL:1140 or BIOL:1141. Requirements: pre-nursing standing. MICR:3165 Bacteri ...
Innate Immune Responses to Respiratory Syncytial Virus
... Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes ~64 million cases of respiratory disease and 200,000 deaths annually worldwide, yet there is no broadly effective prophylactic or treatment regimen. RSV can produce acute respiratory illness in patients of all ages but strikes the age extremes, infa ...
... Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection causes ~64 million cases of respiratory disease and 200,000 deaths annually worldwide, yet there is no broadly effective prophylactic or treatment regimen. RSV can produce acute respiratory illness in patients of all ages but strikes the age extremes, infa ...
Insights on the interaction between macrophages Haemophilus parasuis
... phagocytosis, but the bacterial factors implicated are not known. To identify virulence factors involved in phagocytosis resistance, a genomic library of the virulent reference strain Nagasaki was produced and exposed to PAMs. After incubation with PAMs, two clon ...
... phagocytosis, but the bacterial factors implicated are not known. To identify virulence factors involved in phagocytosis resistance, a genomic library of the virulent reference strain Nagasaki was produced and exposed to PAMs. After incubation with PAMs, two clon ...
Monocytes + CD11c + Human CD14 Single
... Research Institute, La Jolla, CA). TLR3, 7, 8, and 9 were cloned into the pCIneo vector (Invitrogen Life Technologies) and their sequences were confirmed (11). Transfection of HEK-293 cells with these plasmids was performed by using 293 fectin (Invitrogen Life Technologies) according to the manufact ...
... Research Institute, La Jolla, CA). TLR3, 7, 8, and 9 were cloned into the pCIneo vector (Invitrogen Life Technologies) and their sequences were confirmed (11). Transfection of HEK-293 cells with these plasmids was performed by using 293 fectin (Invitrogen Life Technologies) according to the manufact ...
Defining the interaction of perforin with calcium and the
... immune synapse, perforin binds to target cell membranes through its Ca2 + -dependent C2 domain. Membrane-bound perforin then forms pores that allow passage of pro-apoptopic granzymes into the target cell. In the present study, structural and biochemical studies reveal that Ca2 + binding triggers a c ...
... immune synapse, perforin binds to target cell membranes through its Ca2 + -dependent C2 domain. Membrane-bound perforin then forms pores that allow passage of pro-apoptopic granzymes into the target cell. In the present study, structural and biochemical studies reveal that Ca2 + binding triggers a c ...
Linköping University Post Print Induction of apoptosis in human neutrophils by
... activates PI-3 kinase and Akt in the phagocyte, thereby protecting the cell against apoptosis. In the present study we show how unopsonized Mtb induced apoptosis in PMNs. However, we found that also opsonized Mtb, despite being readily phagocytosed, induced apoptosis to a similar extent as unopsoniz ...
... activates PI-3 kinase and Akt in the phagocyte, thereby protecting the cell against apoptosis. In the present study we show how unopsonized Mtb induced apoptosis in PMNs. However, we found that also opsonized Mtb, despite being readily phagocytosed, induced apoptosis to a similar extent as unopsoniz ...