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Antigenicity - immunology.unideb.hu
Antigenicity - immunology.unideb.hu

... ADAPTIVE IMMUNE SYSTEM Antigen-specific receptors: B cell receptor (BCR) and T cell receptor (TCR) • The basic structure (90%) of the receptors (BCR or TCR) is common ...
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... 1. Adaptive immunity is not independent of innate immunity. The phagocytic cells crucial to nonspecific immune responses are intimately involved in activating the specific immune response. 2. various soluble factors produced by a specific immune response have been shown to augment the activity of th ...
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... • 2. Act rapidly with infection • 3. Employ negative test that cannot be foiled by copycat foreign cells ...
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Immune System - World of Teaching

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... The white blood cells in the body’s immune system help protect against harmful substances. Examples include bacteria, viruses, toxins, cancer cells, and blood and tissue from outside the body. These substances contain antigens. The immune system produces antibodies against these antigens that enable ...
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Immune System Practice Questions

... 16. Every time a child visited a cousin who has two cats, the child's eyes turned red, itched, and began to water. Then, the child began to have trouble 14. An organ, such as a kidney, used for transplant needs breathing. It is most likely that the child reacted this to be tested for compatibility w ...
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Immunity PP - TeacherWeb

... 2. Lymph cancer- immune cells reproduce uncontrollably Leukemia, and Hodgkin’s disease 3. HIV - AIDS- reduced Th cell count, suppresses both H and T cells *Don’t die of AID’s , but of a 20 infection *HIV is provirus, attaches to CDH receptor complex to ...
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... evolve mechanisms that evade the specific immune system of the human body and can affect vaccination strategies globally. • Antigenic variation is a process by which a pathogen is able to change its surface proteins so that it can evade the host immune responses. ...
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... This has been unknown. We tested 2,000 different human proteins and discovered that an unusual protein called Activin A can potently induce Tfh cells. What's the application of that finding? Since you need Tfh cells for protective antibody responses against almost all viruses and bacteria, it w ...
cells and reproduction
cells and reproduction

... we produce antibodies which stay in our system and __________ us from the disease. 6. Sex cells in plants and animals are also known as ________. Flowers are the reproductive parts of a plant. __________ produce the male sex cells called _____________. The female sex cells are called _________ and t ...
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9-10 lectureTCR_LÁ

... cells, or calm joints inflamed by rheumatoid arthritis. The antibody binds to a receptor molecule called CD28 on the surface of the immune system's infectionfighting T cells. (Nature March 17 2006) Scientists who work in the field say there are several possible ways that the drug could have triggere ...
MMG 301 Lec 33 Host Defenses Questions for today: 1. What are
MMG 301 Lec 33 Host Defenses Questions for today: 1. What are

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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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