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City, country
City, country

... Laboratory and Institution information The University of Ostrava is the fastest developing University in Czech Republic. Laboratory of Molecular protozoology at the Life Science Research Centre is focused on molecular biology and functional genomics of Trypanosomatidae. There are two main research d ...
Immune System
Immune System

Immune System - Iowa State University
Immune System - Iowa State University

... 10) During fever, your liver and spleen sequester ________and________. This inhibits the growth of ____________________. 11) Humoral immunity involves the production of___________________. 12)___ _________ __________________________________proteins are the molecules on your macrophages are used to ...
Types of immunity :- 1- innate immunity 2
Types of immunity :- 1- innate immunity 2

... * antigen :- substance capable of inducing specific immune response . White Blood Cells ( WBCs ) :-directional movement of WBCs by :- Chemotaxis There are two main types of WBC involved in the adaptive immune response :1- antigen - presenting cells (APCs ) :- it is activate T-cell , example : macrop ...
2.-Specific-Cellular
2.-Specific-Cellular

... • A range of white blood cell constantly circulate and monitor the tissues. • If tissues become damaged or invaded, these cells release cytokines, which increase blood flow resulting in specific white blood cells accumulating at the site of infection or tissue damage. ...
lymphatic system - andoverhighanatomy
lymphatic system - andoverhighanatomy

T-cells - WordPress.com
T-cells - WordPress.com

Exam Key 2 2008
Exam Key 2 2008

CL8
CL8

... are attached to needs to be destroyed.  T cells – (white blood cells) attack and destroy infected cells that have antigens on their surface. DRUGS: 1. Antibiotics (e.g. Penicillin – a type of FUNGI!) – drugs used to TREAT a bacterial infection; they work by killing bacteria, stopping bacteria from ...
Document
Document

... All blood cells arise in the bone marrow. B lymphocytes initially develop in the bone marrow and then migrate to lymphoid tissues (esp. lymph nodes and spleen) T lymphocytes develop in the thymus. ...
Physiology of foodborne bacterial pathogens and the effects of food
Physiology of foodborne bacterial pathogens and the effects of food

... We are currently studying calicivirus translation mechanisms and the effects of virus infection on host cell translation. i.e. the study of how viruses synthesise their own proteins, how this process is controlled and the effects of the virus on the host cell translation process. Caliciviruses are r ...
here - Molecular Medicine Ireland
here - Molecular Medicine Ireland

... presenting cell functions by CD4+ T helper cells, required for the optimized induction of CTL responses. This concept has modified not only our knowledge of the fundamental mechanisms regulating the generation of spontaneous immune responses, but also the way immunologist think about the delivery of ...
Cells of the Immune System Principles of Immunology 1/26/06
Cells of the Immune System Principles of Immunology 1/26/06

... Major role as APC Stimulated by innate response Have co-stimulatory molecules constitutively  Have constitutive MHC II expression  Phagocytic and endocytic ...
Importance of Cell Surfaces
Importance of Cell Surfaces

... an Rh-negative mother carrying an Rh positive fetus can induce the formation of Rh antibodies in the mother. In pregnancy these antibodies can cross the placenta and enter the fetal circulation. This leads to haemolysis of the fetal red blood cells if the fetus is Rh positive ...
Microsoft Word - 09_02_09_TSHVE
Microsoft Word - 09_02_09_TSHVE

Document
Document

... The domains in these molecules are built on a common motif, called the immunoglobulin fold, in which two antiparallel sheets lie face to face. This structure probably represents the primitive structural element in the evolution of the immune response. The immunoglobulin fold is also found in a numbe ...
T cell area PROFESSIONAL ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS
T cell area PROFESSIONAL ANTIGEN PRESENTING CELLS

... Some implications of the danger hypothesis • There is no window for tolerance induction in neonates • Neonatal T cells are not intrinsically tolerisable but the neonatal environment predisposes to tolerance • Antigens induce tolerance or immunity depending upon the ability of the immune system to s ...
The Immune System
The Immune System

31.5 Overreactions of the Immune System
31.5 Overreactions of the Immune System

... – Allergens are antigens that cause an allergic reaction and cause inflammation responses. ...
Chapter 20 - Dr. Jennifer Capers
Chapter 20 - Dr. Jennifer Capers

Ways that PBMC Isolation Aids Immunology Research
Ways that PBMC Isolation Aids Immunology Research

2nd seminar - Innate immunity, inflammation 2015
2nd seminar - Innate immunity, inflammation 2015

... Symbiotic, non-pathogenic microbes, living in „peaceful” commensalisms Beneficial features: • Digesting non absorbable food compounds e.g. cellulose • Producing vitamines, antimicrobial molecules, regulating pH • Compete with pathogenic microbes – survival of the fittest • Providing constant low-dos ...
Specific Immune Defense
Specific Immune Defense

LIFE CYCLE OF THE EBOLA VIRUS
LIFE CYCLE OF THE EBOLA VIRUS

Tolerance
Tolerance

... – Developing T cells with a high affinity for self antigens are eliminated by apoptosis, a phenomenon known as clonal deletion – Strongly self-reactive immature B cells may be induced to make further Ig gene rearrangements and thus evade self-reactivity. This phenomenon is called receptor editing – ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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