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Chapter 2 Antigen
Chapter 2 Antigen

... • Compared to a normal antigen-induced Tcell response where 0.001-0.0001% of the body’s T-cells are activated, SAgs are capable of activating up to 20% of the body’s T-cells. This causes a massive immune response that is not specific to any particular epitope on the SAg. ...
Mary Louise Markert, MD, Ph.D.
Mary Louise Markert, MD, Ph.D.

BIOL212Test3Guide30MAY2012
BIOL212Test3Guide30MAY2012

... You should be able to define any term printed in bold in the text, even if the term was not mentioned in class. Also, check the chapter reviews & concept checks. Be sure you can answer those questions! Circulatory systems link exchange surfaces with cells throughout the body. What are the various ty ...
CBS_Nov_22_05
CBS_Nov_22_05

... adult humans •There are only licensed vaccines in the United states for 22 microbial agents (vaccines for 34 pathogens have been developed) •Immunological Bioinformatics may be used to ...
Disease - Coach C Classes
Disease - Coach C Classes

... • It is estimated that 9 million young people ages 15 and 24 will become infected with an STD each year. • Untreated syphilis in pregnant women results in infant death in up to 40 percent of cases. • Each year, untreated STDs cause infertility in at least 24,000 women in the US ...
Molecularly defined vaccines and clinical immunotherapies
Molecularly defined vaccines and clinical immunotherapies

... inferred transcription factors and predicted target genes that are consistently modulated in at least two out of three datasets, with the third dataset not being contradictory. Modular immune in vitro construct system [MIMIC]. ...
Conflict: Immunity
Conflict: Immunity

... C. An antibody that fights against influenza will not work against the bacteria that cause strep throat. D. All of the above statements are true about antibody specificity. Mission: Level 4 5. What do macrophages do? A. They ingest pathogens by endocytosis and display the pathogen’s antigens on thei ...
Immunology
Immunology

... Over the last 3 years a group of more than 20 patients has been described worldwide who have a similar history of recurrent bacterial infections and an inherited deficiency of three related leukocyte membrane surface antigens known as CR3, LFA-1 and p150,95 (function unknown). It is believed that th ...
03-Chapter
03-Chapter

... Any substance that can elicit an immune response in an animal The body can distinguish self molecules from nonself molecules Failure of this system can result in autoimmune diseases Most antigens are large proteins ...
Immune System
Immune System

... is Rh+ her antibodies will attack the fetus during late pregnancy and child birth – Mom is injected with anti-Rh antibodies to prevent this ...
NAME___________________________________TA__________
NAME___________________________________TA__________

... VDJ recombination among multiple regions, terminal transferase creates insertion mutations, unusually high mutation rate at the immunoglobulin loci, and imprecise recombination d) How does the immune system increase receptor avidity after T- and B- cell development? Somatic hypermutation ...
Immune Worksheet Key Session 26
Immune Worksheet Key Session 26

... Basophils: release histamine, heparin (inflammation) Mast Cells: induce inflammation Dendritic Cells: antigen-presenting cell (APC) 2) What are the 3 purposes for the inflammatory response?  Prevents the spread of damaging agents  Disposes of cell debris and pathogens  Sets the stage for repair 3 ...
Immune System - Welcome to BioGleich
Immune System - Welcome to BioGleich

... • Why would a person with type A blood have anti – B antibodies? • There are bacteria with similar antigens • The immune response produced by blood group antigens has no memory • Blood mixing at birth causes no problems fro future pregnancies • Rh factors, however, do have memory so there is a probl ...
Post-doctoral positions available
Post-doctoral positions available

... host and pathogen, coupled with molecular biology, cell biology, and physiological techniques. The model organism Drosophila melanogaster is ideally suited for this endeavor thanks to its ease of rearing, the availability of potent genetic tools, and a century of research. In addition, the absence o ...
Dr. Kennett`s Powerpoint set #1
Dr. Kennett`s Powerpoint set #1

... Acorns, Mice, Ticks = Lyme Disease • Acorns are an important food source for many forest animals, including mice • Large crops of acorns in the fall lead to a booming mouse population the following summer. • Forest-living mice carry a spiral-shaped bacteria called Borrelia burgdorferi which causes ...
Helper T cells - Plain Local Schools
Helper T cells - Plain Local Schools

Lines of Defense and Immunity
Lines of Defense and Immunity

Cellular Biology
Cellular Biology

... More rapid  Larger amounts of antibody are produced  Rapidity is caused by the presence of memory cells that do not have to differentiate  IgM is produced in similar quantities to the primary response, but IgG is produced in considerably greater numbers ...
Introduction to Immuno-Oncology
Introduction to Immuno-Oncology

... Antigen-Specific Lymphocytes ADAPTIVE Natural Killer Cells INNATE Both are derived from the common lymphoid precursor ©2015 MFMER | slide-5 ...
Chapter 24: The Immune System
Chapter 24: The Immune System

... Passive: protection via transfer of antibodies or immune cells into non-immune host Naturally: fetus receives mothers antibodies via placenta “unnaturally” via injection of immune serum after exposure ...
Chapter 43: The Immune System
Chapter 43: The Immune System

... IgM ...
Immunology: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunizations
Immunology: Basic Principles of Adaptive Immunity and Immunizations

... 2. The peptides are transported into the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER) by a transporter protein called TAP. 3. The peptides then bind to the grooves of newly synthesized MHC-I molecules. 4. The endoplasmic reticulum transports the MHC-I molecules with bound peptides to the Golgi complex. 5. The G ...
Lymphatic System
Lymphatic System

... – Inflammation – released histamines from damaged cells. ...
Chapter 43 - Immune System
Chapter 43 - Immune System

... Major Histocompatability Complex (MHC): body cell surface antigens coded by a family of genes Class I MHC molecules: found on all nucleated cells Class II MHC molecules: found on macrophages, B cells, and activated T cells Antigen presentation: process by which an MHC molecule “presents’ an intracel ...
AMIT TULI
AMIT TULI

... Recent research indicates that our knowledge and perceptions about lysosomes as 'suicide bags' or 'garbage disposal units', no longer apply. Research has shown that besides acting as a degradative organelle, lysosomes can undergo regulated secretion and exocytosis. For example, during an injury to a ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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