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Tzann- Shun
Tzann- Shun

... chemicals to benefit human’s health is one of important aims for the scientists majored in life science. The theme in my lab is using biochemical approaches to conduct the researches of biotechnological area, especially related to Biopharmaceuticals and Bioneutraceuticals. My researches focus on tho ...
Active immunity
Active immunity

...  Memory – after initial exposure, long term acquired immunity occurs through the production of memory cells; secondary exposure results in stronger faster response to previously recognized Ag  Tolerance – immune cells recognize self-antigens & “tolerate” (ignore) them, only going after foreign (no ...
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Janeway`s Immunology - Cal State LA
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... was the case for a group of Stanford scientists who were looking for ways to prevent cancer cells from dying during experiments, but then discovered that it is possible to force leukemia cells to mature into macrophages. Published in the March 2015 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, th ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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