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Lymphoid Organs
Lymphoid Organs

... Germinal centers are also sites of extensive lymphocytic cell death. Numerous macrophages are present within them to dispose of the dying cells. The macrophages are large pale cells, often with visible phagocytized cellular debris. Macrophages also act as antigen presenting cells (APCs) to help pro ...
Chapter 1 ABC drug transporters and immunity:
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... present peptides of endogenous proteins and MHC II molecules present peptides of exogenous proteins, it is now also appreciated that professional APCs, like DC, have the capacity to present exogenous antigens on MHC I molecules. This process, which is known as cross-presentation, is believed to be i ...
Biochemistry Honours Booklet for 2017 FINAL
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... In my lab we are developing an ultra-stable cryo-light microscope that will be able to perform super-resolution imaging on cryopreserved samples. We will use the information retrieved through this imaging technique to drive the isolation of regions of interest through cryoFIB milling. Those regions ...
activation of human monocyte.derived dendritic cells in vitro by the
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Innate Host Defenses - Interactive Physiology
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... variety of symptoms ranging from moderate to debilitating in severity. The exact nature or cause of autoimmune disorders is not fully understood at present time, although there are many well constructed and articulated theories as to why the body’s antibodies would attack it’s own self-molecules, su ...
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receptors - EuroBiotech Project

... and antigen-presenting cells as well as nutritions (dietetary fat and fat-soluble vitamins A,D,E and K from digestive system) and soluble and particulate E. Walajtys-Rode, Rzeszow University antigens . of Technology ...
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... access of plasma with proteins like opsonins into alveolar space, and finally TNF-a increases liquid clearance from airspaces [13], the resulting balance being the sole availability of proteins. All these beneficial effects are further demonstrated by experiments using neutralisation of the TNF-a re ...
IMMUNOLOGIC PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED EPIDERMAL
IMMUNOLOGIC PROPERTIES OF PURIFIED EPIDERMAL

... x 10 4 LC/mouse), since only small areas of ear epidermis can be handled without risking contamination with dermal cells. Nevertheless LC are an important cell type for understanding the initiation of immune responses. Whereas prior analyses (6-9) of primary and secondary responses have depended upo ...
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complement - Micro-Rao

... ability of specific antibody to cause lysis of bacteria. Complement historically refers to fresh serum capable of lysing antibody-coated cells. Complement system is composed of more than 25 different proteins produced by hepatocytes, macrophages and intestinal epithelial cells. Fibroblasts and intes ...
Immunocompetence of Schwann Cells
Immunocompetence of Schwann Cells

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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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