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Chapter 43- Immune System
Chapter 43- Immune System

Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection
Acute Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

... the globular heads of surfactant proteins A and D, which bind alveolar-macrophage receptors and suppress inflammatory activity in uninfected lungs. During infection, these globular heads bind pathogens, and the presentation of oligomerized collagenous tails (a result of the clustering of the surfact ...
research presentation - University of Saskatchewan
research presentation - University of Saskatchewan

... Dendritic cells (DC) are a family of professional antigen (Ag) presenting cells (APC), considered by many to be the central APC for induction of primary immune responses. Their abilities to process and present various types of antigens are unmatched in this context. The decision of whether or not en ...
Citation: Todryk, Stephen, Bejon, Philip, Mwangi, Tabitha, Plebanski
Citation: Todryk, Stephen, Bejon, Philip, Mwangi, Tabitha, Plebanski

... and Cox survival models. Survival was additionally analysed using stratified Kaplan-Meier graphs and the log-rank test. Spearman’s test was used for correlation. Stata 9 (StataCorp, Texas, USA) was used for all analysis. The cut-off value for statistical significance ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences

... of 8-12 amino acids in a pathogenic protein are sufficient to evoke an immune response and, thus, the use of antigenic peptides as vaccines rather than entire proteins was advocated. With the advent of recombinant DNA technology, antigenic proteins of various pathogens could be made economically in ...
Dectin 1
Dectin 1

... 1. Specific delivery of antigens to DCs (e.g. on Ag-covered particles). This approach was proved to work, but remains expensive and difficult. 2. Targeting DEC205, DC-SIGN or mannose receptor by antibodies induces CD4+ and CD8+ cells responses. This can be used to induce tolerance to pancreatic β-ce ...
ZO 1819 - PHYLOGENY OF INVERTEBRATA AND CHORDATA
ZO 1819 - PHYLOGENY OF INVERTEBRATA AND CHORDATA

... regulation, elongation and elongation factors, termination, genetic code, translational proof-reading, translational inhibitors, post- translational modification of proteins. Control of gene expression at transcription and translation level: Regulation of phages, viruses, prokaryotic and eukaryotic ...
Effects of Microcin B17 on Microcin Bl7-immune Cells
Effects of Microcin B17 on Microcin Bl7-immune Cells

... functions when treiited with microcin B17. For sensitive cells these effects were irreversible. In immune cells, these efyects were reversible: treated bacteria were not killed, and eventually recovered the iihility to synthesize D N A and resumed normal growth. Since an active replication fork is r ...
Identification of the Transformation-associated
Identification of the Transformation-associated

... WFB cells were susceptible to rat splenic NK cells that were induced by poly(I-C) treatment. Pretreatment of these W14 or W31 cells with Moab 109 could block the NK cell activity against W14 and W31. These data suggest that this antigen may act as one of the NK target structures, and plays an import ...
Poster
Poster

... favorable conditions for the P. aeruginosa to invade and release the protein ExoU. ExoU, one of the key proteins in P. aeruginosa’s invasion process, is a phospholipase which breaks down lipids. If a cystic fibrosis sufferer acquires P. aerguinosa, the ExoU produced by the bacterium will digest the ...
Mapping of murine Thl and Th2 helper T
Mapping of murine Thl and Th2 helper T

Stem Cell Research: Status and Ethics
Stem Cell Research: Status and Ethics

... develop into functional dopaminergic neurons after transplantation in a Parkinson rat model. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ...
Parasite-host relationship: a lesson from a professional killer
Parasite-host relationship: a lesson from a professional killer

... lay their eggs, with surgical precision, in nerve ganglia of their hosts into which the hemocytes do not normally circulate, so parasite embryos can develop unmolested within the host (Götz and Poinar, 1968; Salt, 1971). As mentioned above, alternative active strategies are referred as interference; ...
Role of intestinal epithelial cells in the innate immune defence of the
Role of intestinal epithelial cells in the innate immune defence of the

... neonatal piglets [30]. However in these animals the decreased TEER was not associated with an increased bacterial translocation or a change in Claudin-1, occludin and ZO-1 expression [30]. In a model of gut injury, it has been demonstrated that prostaglandins mediated the recovery of barrier functio ...
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
- Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

... consist of more than 10 IFN-as and a single IFN-b and can induce expression of several antiviral proteins and MHC and induce DC maturation, thereby exerting a critical function in antiviral immunity. Nucleic acid TLR ligands can induce both IFN-a and IFN-b. Lipid or protein TLR ligands fail to induc ...
B Cells
B Cells

... 1 After a dendritic cell engulfs and degrades a bacterium, it displays bacterial antigen fragments (peptides) complexed with a class II MHC molecule on the cell surface. A specific helper T cell binds to the displayed complex via its TCR with the aid of CD4. This interaction promotes secretion of cy ...
Immune System - Biology Junction
Immune System - Biology Junction

... 1 After a dendritic cell engulfs and degrades a bacterium, it displays bacterial antigen fragments (peptides) complexed with a class II MHC molecule on the cell surface. A specific helper T cell binds to the displayed complex via its TCR with the aid of CD4. This interaction promotes secretion of cy ...
Lecture 9
Lecture 9

... Caused by point mutations ...
PPT
PPT

... – Each window of size ten in the 20-mers was matched by one of the ~700 grammars – This length because we could easily chemically synthesize 20-mers and this length is close to the median length of AmPs in the APD ...
Establishment of a multiplex RT-PCR assay for the detection of
Establishment of a multiplex RT-PCR assay for the detection of

... (lane 2) or dsRNA (lane 3) induces interferon response which can be detected by the multiplex RT-PCR. Therefore this method can detect innate immune system activation in those cells lacking the TLRs involved in the recognition nucleic acids. U87CD4CXCR4 and HEK 293T cells have a different pattern of ...
2- prokaryotes
2- prokaryotes

... germs? ...
Stem Cell Therapies
Stem Cell Therapies

... remove tumor cells, enriching for stem cells.. • Allogeneic donors have advantage of graft versus tumor reaction to kill any remaining tumor cells. • Allogeneic donors have the disadvantage of graft versus host reaction if they are not well matched. ...
Spectrum of EBV+ B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders
Spectrum of EBV+ B-Cell Lymphoproliferative Disorders

... http://www.bio‐rad.com/webroot/web/images/cdg/products/microbiology/product_detail/global/cmd_25183_pdp.jpg ...
Quantification of Drug Response Read
Quantification of Drug Response Read

... biomarkers, which may support selection of translational readouts for use in early clinical studies  Detailed characterization of target expression across multiple xenograft models to better guide appropriate model selection for oncology R&D programmes ...
Session 467 Autoimmunity
Session 467 Autoimmunity

... Purpose: The innate immune receptors responsible for induction of eye-specific autoreactive T cells remain poorly defined. We recently identified Mincle, a C-type lectin receptor (CLR) vital to host defense that signals through Syk and Card9 to mediate innate immune cell activation, as essential in ...
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Molecular mimicry

Molecular mimicry is defined as the theoretical possibility that sequence similarities between foreign and self-peptides are sufficient to result in the cross-activation of autoreactive T or B cells by pathogen-derived peptides. Despite the promiscuity of several peptide sequences which can be both foreign and self in nature, a single antibody or TCR (T cell receptor) can be activated by even a few crucial residues which stresses the importance of structural homology in the theory of molecular mimicry. Upon the activation of B or T cells, it is believed that these ""peptide mimic"" specific T or B cells can cross-react with self-epitopes, thus leading to tissue pathology (autoimmunity). Molecular mimicry is a phenomenon that has been just recently discovered as one of several ways in which autoimmunity can be evoked. A molecular mimicking event is, however, more than an epiphenomenon despite its low statistical probability of occurring and these events have serious implications in the onset of many human autoimmune disorders. In the past decade the study of autoimmunity, the failure to recognize self antigens as ""self,"" has grown immensely. Autoimmunity is a result of a loss of immunological tolerance, the ability for an individual to discriminate between self and non-self. Growth in the field of autoimmunity has resulted in more and more frequent diagnosis of autoimmune diseases. Consequently, recent data show that autoimmune diseases affect approximately 1 in 31 people within the general population. Growth has also led to a greater characterization of what autoimmunity is and how it can be studied and treated. With an increased amount of research, there has been tremendous growth in the study of the several different ways in which autoimmunity can occur, one of which is molecular mimicry. The mechanism by which pathogens have evolved, or obtained by chance, similar amino acid sequences or the homologous three-dimensional crystal structure of immunodominant epitopes remains a mystery.
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