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pps
pps

... Raised on a 2.85 m high podium (Etruscan influence), the temple dominated the forum of the Roman city, forming a rectangle almost twice as long as it is wide, measuring 26.42 m by 13.54 m. The façade is dominated by a deep portico almost a third of the building's length. It is a pseudoperipteral hex ...
Rome at a Glance
Rome at a Glance

... Position of "Aedile" created to assist the Tribunes (Julius Caesar was to become aedile 400 years later)  450 Brief rule of the Decemvirs (ten men). ...
All Kings_Combined
All Kings_Combined

... remain open, signifying that Rome was at war and to be closed in times of peace (only twice in Roman history were they ever closed). ...
Jeopardy - Chandler Unified School District
Jeopardy - Chandler Unified School District

... The two major mountain ranges that can be found on a map of Italy are the Alps and the Apennines. ...
document
document

... during the day. Each group had a scheduled time, although the women's scheduled time was shorter. The bathhouse was not only a place for washing, but a good place to meet friends or do business. The Romans didn't use soap. They cleaned themselves by covering their bodies with oil. Then they scraped ...
Chapter 15: The Roman Empire, 27 BC - 410 AD
Chapter 15: The Roman Empire, 27 BC - 410 AD

Historical Background of Julius Caesar
Historical Background of Julius Caesar

... society. It was not enough to belong to one of the upper classes— status and rank had to be seen, to be publicly recognized, in order to be meaningful. Hence the clothing of upper-class Roman males had distinctive features which made their rank immediately visible to all around them (for more inform ...
Roman Government Worksheet Introduction: The Roman
Roman Government Worksheet Introduction: The Roman

... “The Senate, in turn, which enjoys so much authority, first of all must pay attention to the masses and court the favor of the people in matters of public concern. The most important and greatest inquires into crimes against the state, and the penalties thereby adjudicated-those that involve the dea ...
CAUSES OF THE FIRST PUNIC WAR • Hostilities began in Sicily in
CAUSES OF THE FIRST PUNIC WAR • Hostilities began in Sicily in

second punic war
second punic war

... them. – They told everybody that if any city needed help fighting a war, the Romans would be happy to help them. – Soon a city did ask for help, when its neighbors were attacking it. – The Romans sent troops and fought off the neighbors. – But when the war was over, the Romans announced that they we ...
Timeline of Rome - Mr. Custis` Social Studies Page
Timeline of Rome - Mr. Custis` Social Studies Page

... and men, unable to re supply his army with his distance from Carthage. This made Hannibal unable to attack cities as large as Rome. Hannibal even gets his army to the doors of Rome in 211 B.C. , but does not lay siege. Rome then appoints a new proconsul named Publius Cornelius Scipio who takes the w ...
Roman Art_AugustusofPrimarporta
Roman Art_AugustusofPrimarporta

... At first glance, we may well be uncertain of whether it represents a god or a human being; this doubt is entirely appropriate, for the figure is meant to be both. ...
Day 2 Ancient Rome Notes (Roman Military
Day 2 Ancient Rome Notes (Roman Military

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... to Rome’s judicial system, passed laws protecting sick slaves, extended citizenship and increased women's privileges.  He was active in public works projects and the harbor at Ostia.  He treated people with unusual respect. ...
Lauren Z, age 15 - Ancient Coins for Education
Lauren Z, age 15 - Ancient Coins for Education

... punished homosexual senators and prohibited the castration of males. He taxed Jews for practicing their own faith, and even killed the consul Flavius Clemens for sympathizing with the Jewish community! Domitian stopped at nothing! He murdered members of his own family, he murdered senators…he execut ...
Was Julius Caesar a Tyrant or a Hero? From 49 BCE
Was Julius Caesar a Tyrant or a Hero? From 49 BCE

... kindhearted, strong, and passionate hero. The two words tyrant and hero are basically separated into the two categories of bad and good. Was Julius Caesar a bad tyrant or a good hero? For something that happened so long ago I believe it is important for the reason that we might be able to categorize ...
Early Romans - Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Early Romans - Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

... Senate and assemblies. Having two consuls also meant that each consul could check, or limit, the other’s power. ...
13-15 Roman Art (2002)
13-15 Roman Art (2002)

... -north and south friezes: procession of senators and imperial family members-cf Parthenon frieze--depicting actual individuals not generic Romans-Agrippa, Gaius, Livia, Tiberius, Antonia, Drusus--depiction of children, eg Germanicus, Antonia's son-reflects Aug's desire to promote private family life ...
Gregory K. Golden, Crisis Management during the Roman Republic
Gregory K. Golden, Crisis Management during the Roman Republic

... fairly simple extension of magisterial powers (those of Marius) rather than emergency measures. By way of contrast, the Senate botched its handling of three major crises in the Late Republic: first, the rising of the independent-minded King Mithradates VI of Pontus against Rome; second, the politica ...
File - EDSS Adventures in World History
File - EDSS Adventures in World History

... was the third Roman emperor, in succession to Tiberius. He has gone down in history, perhaps unfairly, as Rome's most tyrannical emperor, but since we lack Tacitus' account of his short reign, it is impossible to know the truth behind the wilder stories. Gaius was the son of the popular Germanicus a ...
Roman Expansion: From Republic to Empire
Roman Expansion: From Republic to Empire

... because they had to serve in the army. Defeated people would have objected because they had to serve in the army, pay Roman taxes, and couldn’t always become Roman citizens. ...
Vocabulary - WordPress.com
Vocabulary - WordPress.com

His 2-3cP—Story-Horatius at the Bridge - Latter
His 2-3cP—Story-Horatius at the Bridge - Latter

... Romulus was followed by six other kings. The early kings of Rome were like the father of a large family. They directed the people’s work and gave orders. Some kings were like wise fathers. However, as time went by, some of kings were Etruscans. The Etruscans were a tribe to the north of Rome. These ...
Chapter 5 An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China, 753 B.C.E.
Chapter 5 An Age of Empires: Rome and Han China, 753 B.C.E.

... and tried hard to edit the Roman system of government, while still maintaining the Republic. He never claimed to be a king or emperor, but a princeps, “the first among equals”, in the restored Republic, which led to the name of this period being the Roman Principate. Augustus died in 14 C.E after 45 ...
File - Old History Website
File - Old History Website

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Promagistrate

A promagistrate (Latin: pro magistratu) is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a magistrate, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more magistrates each year. Promagistrates were appointed by senatus consultum; like all acts of the Roman Senate, these appointments were not entirely legal and could be overruled by the Roman assemblies, e.g., the replacement of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus by Gaius Marius during the Jugurthine War.Promagistrates were usually either proquaestors (acting in place of quaestors), propraetors, acting in place of praetors, or proconsuls acting in place of consuls. A promagistrate held equal authority to the equivalent magistrate, was attended by the same number of lictors, and generally speaking had autocratic power within his province, be it territorial or otherwise. Promagistrates usually had already held the office in whose stead they were acting, although this was not mandatory.One should also mention here the procurator, a posting originally as a financial manager in a province, a position which held no magisterial power until Claudius gave them his power in the mid 40s AD, enabling them to administer provinces.The institution of promagistracies developed because the Romans found it inconvenient to continue adding ordinary magistracies to administer their newly acquired overseas possessions. Therefore, they adopted the practice of appointing an individual to act in place or capacity of (pro) a magistrate (magistratu); a promagistrate was literally a lieutenant. Subsequently, when Pompeius Magnus was given proconsular imperium to fight against Quintus Sertorius, the Senate made a point of distinguishing that he was not actually being appointed a promagistrate: he was appointed to act not in place of a consul (pro consule), but on behalf of the consuls (pro consulibus).The Roman legal concept of imperium meant that an ""imperial"" magistrate or promagistrate had absolute authority within the competence of his office; a promagistrate with imperium appointed to govern a province, therefore, had absolute authority within his capacity as governor of that province; indeed, the word provincia referred both to the governor's office or jurisdiction and to the territory he governed. A provincial governor had almost totally unlimited authority, and frequently extorted vast amounts of money from the provincial population — he had total immunity from prosecution during his term in office. It became fairly common for provincial governors to seek continual election to office to avoid trial for extortion and bribery, two famous examples being Gaius Verres and Lucius Sergius Catilina.The near limitless power of a high-ranking promagistrate has led to the term ""proconsul"" being used to designate any high-ranking and authoritative official appointed from above (or from without) to govern a territory without regard for local political institutions (i.e., one who is not elected and whose authority supersedes that of local officials). One of the most prominent examples of this is Douglas MacArthur, who was given vast powers to implement reform and recovery efforts in Japan after World War II, and has been described occasionally as ""the American proconsul of Japan"".
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