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Founding the Roman Republic
Founding the Roman Republic

... Small villages formed together along the TIBER River to form Rome 600 BCE—Rome began to grow into a prosperous city under the Etruscans Tiber River located inland 15 miles from Mediterranean Sea Rome built on seven hills ...
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Welcome to

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WebQuest Title: What Were They Thinking
WebQuest Title: What Were They Thinking

Rome – Vocabulary- II Patrician – in the Roman republic, a member
Rome – Vocabulary- II Patrician – in the Roman republic, a member

... ...
The Roman Empire (after 27 BC)
The Roman Empire (after 27 BC)

The Fall of the republic Glossary of key words
The Fall of the republic Glossary of key words

Remember Ancient Rome
Remember Ancient Rome

... 1. Etruscan kings ruled early Romans. In 509 BC they revolted and set up a  republic.  2. During the republic, the government was made of 2 consuls, a senate and  assemblies  3. Romans put their laws down in the 12 tables, which established equality under  the law  4. The plebeians (common people) c ...
Chapter 14 Lesson 1
Chapter 14 Lesson 1

... – Octavian took the name Augustus (respected one). – Augustus continued the policies of Julius Caesar, but he showed respect to the Senate. – Augustus held the real power though. ...
Chapter 12, Lesson 2 The Roman Republic - buaron-history
Chapter 12, Lesson 2 The Roman Republic - buaron-history

The political system
The political system

The Roman Empire
The Roman Empire

... E. Caesar was killed by senators in 44 B.C.- civil unrest lasted for 13 years ...
Augustus Octavian
Augustus Octavian

... ...
Evolution of Roman Government 510 BCE–476 CE
Evolution of Roman Government 510 BCE–476 CE

... Rome; normally members of the Senate. Included: ● Consuls (2) Elected to have overall authority throughout Rome and the provinces for one year. Each consul could veto the other’s decisions. By 300 BCE, plebeians could become consuls. ● Praetors (6, from 197 BCE) Elected to supervise justice and the ...
Fall of the Roman Republic
Fall of the Roman Republic

4_-_beginnings_of_government
4_-_beginnings_of_government

Empire acquisition and provinces
Empire acquisition and provinces

< 1 ... 134 135 136 137 138

Promagistrate

A promagistrate (Latin: pro magistratu) is a person who acts in and with the authority and capacity of a magistrate, but without holding a magisterial office. A legal innovation of the Roman Republic, the promagistracy was invented in order to provide Rome with governors of overseas territories instead of having to elect more magistrates each year. Promagistrates were appointed by senatus consultum; like all acts of the Roman Senate, these appointments were not entirely legal and could be overruled by the Roman assemblies, e.g., the replacement of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Numidicus by Gaius Marius during the Jugurthine War.Promagistrates were usually either proquaestors (acting in place of quaestors), propraetors, acting in place of praetors, or proconsuls acting in place of consuls. A promagistrate held equal authority to the equivalent magistrate, was attended by the same number of lictors, and generally speaking had autocratic power within his province, be it territorial or otherwise. Promagistrates usually had already held the office in whose stead they were acting, although this was not mandatory.One should also mention here the procurator, a posting originally as a financial manager in a province, a position which held no magisterial power until Claudius gave them his power in the mid 40s AD, enabling them to administer provinces.The institution of promagistracies developed because the Romans found it inconvenient to continue adding ordinary magistracies to administer their newly acquired overseas possessions. Therefore, they adopted the practice of appointing an individual to act in place or capacity of (pro) a magistrate (magistratu); a promagistrate was literally a lieutenant. Subsequently, when Pompeius Magnus was given proconsular imperium to fight against Quintus Sertorius, the Senate made a point of distinguishing that he was not actually being appointed a promagistrate: he was appointed to act not in place of a consul (pro consule), but on behalf of the consuls (pro consulibus).The Roman legal concept of imperium meant that an ""imperial"" magistrate or promagistrate had absolute authority within the competence of his office; a promagistrate with imperium appointed to govern a province, therefore, had absolute authority within his capacity as governor of that province; indeed, the word provincia referred both to the governor's office or jurisdiction and to the territory he governed. A provincial governor had almost totally unlimited authority, and frequently extorted vast amounts of money from the provincial population — he had total immunity from prosecution during his term in office. It became fairly common for provincial governors to seek continual election to office to avoid trial for extortion and bribery, two famous examples being Gaius Verres and Lucius Sergius Catilina.The near limitless power of a high-ranking promagistrate has led to the term ""proconsul"" being used to designate any high-ranking and authoritative official appointed from above (or from without) to govern a territory without regard for local political institutions (i.e., one who is not elected and whose authority supersedes that of local officials). One of the most prominent examples of this is Douglas MacArthur, who was given vast powers to implement reform and recovery efforts in Japan after World War II, and has been described occasionally as ""the American proconsul of Japan"".
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