Investigation of virulence factors of Enterococcus faecalis strains
... faecalis were indicated by the culture analysis, the PCR technique revealed a higher frequency of E. faecalis (in 41.6%). This difference relies on the detection limit of both techniques used. The sensitivity of culture is approximately 104 to 105 cells for target species using nonselective media, w ...
... faecalis were indicated by the culture analysis, the PCR technique revealed a higher frequency of E. faecalis (in 41.6%). This difference relies on the detection limit of both techniques used. The sensitivity of culture is approximately 104 to 105 cells for target species using nonselective media, w ...
Word - The Open University
... The clostridia produce toxins, which affect the nervous system. So, if C. tetani gets into a wound and multiplies, the toxins are released, enter the bloodstream and from there travel to the nerves and result in the excessive contraction of some of the muscles in the face, causing lockjaw (the commo ...
... The clostridia produce toxins, which affect the nervous system. So, if C. tetani gets into a wound and multiplies, the toxins are released, enter the bloodstream and from there travel to the nerves and result in the excessive contraction of some of the muscles in the face, causing lockjaw (the commo ...
The gene responsible for Clouston hidrotic
... inductive ectoderm–mesoderm reciprocal interactions (31) and because hearing loss has been reported in a few cases of HED (9), it is possible that these three diseases are caused by different mutations in the same gene or in related genes found in a cluster. The candidate region for the HED gene con ...
... inductive ectoderm–mesoderm reciprocal interactions (31) and because hearing loss has been reported in a few cases of HED (9), it is possible that these three diseases are caused by different mutations in the same gene or in related genes found in a cluster. The candidate region for the HED gene con ...
Phylogenetic analysis of nitrogen-fixing and quorum sensing bacteria
... are protein sequences of NifH (nitrogenase reductase), LuxA (Luciferase alpha subunit) and LuxS (Sribosyl homocysteine lyase) from 30, 17, 25 species of bacteria respectively. These bacteria show vast diversity in terms of habitat mode of survival pathogenicity. Phylogenetic analysis gives an insigh ...
... are protein sequences of NifH (nitrogenase reductase), LuxA (Luciferase alpha subunit) and LuxS (Sribosyl homocysteine lyase) from 30, 17, 25 species of bacteria respectively. These bacteria show vast diversity in terms of habitat mode of survival pathogenicity. Phylogenetic analysis gives an insigh ...
A RARE KEL17/KEL(IVS3+1G>A) COMPOUND HETEROZYGOUS
... Background: The Kell blood group system includes some of the most immunogenic antigens among blood a a groups know. Among them Kell(KEL1), Kp (KEL3), and Js (KEL6) are well known. The antithetic antigens KEL11/17 further contribute to this list. However, KEL17 is considered as very rare, with an app ...
... Background: The Kell blood group system includes some of the most immunogenic antigens among blood a a groups know. Among them Kell(KEL1), Kp (KEL3), and Js (KEL6) are well known. The antithetic antigens KEL11/17 further contribute to this list. However, KEL17 is considered as very rare, with an app ...
Clones
... Arguments Pro and Con”, states that something like 95% percent of cloning experiments on animals have resulted in miscarriages, stillbirths, or birth defects. If these are the odds when animals are cloned it is disheartening to think of what would happen if we were to clone humans - a much more gen ...
... Arguments Pro and Con”, states that something like 95% percent of cloning experiments on animals have resulted in miscarriages, stillbirths, or birth defects. If these are the odds when animals are cloned it is disheartening to think of what would happen if we were to clone humans - a much more gen ...
Protocol for Real-Time RT-PCR - MGH-PGA
... likely cause for negative PCR results. Please read literature for the gene expression patterns. One caveat is that microarrays are not always reliable at measuring gene expressions. After switching to the appropriate templates, we obtained positive PCR results in contrast to the otherwise negative P ...
... likely cause for negative PCR results. Please read literature for the gene expression patterns. One caveat is that microarrays are not always reliable at measuring gene expressions. After switching to the appropriate templates, we obtained positive PCR results in contrast to the otherwise negative P ...
Supplementary Information (doc 224K)
... DNA from peripheral blood specimens including, for example, the QIAmp DNA blood (Mini) Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The extraction of DNA from small cell numbers, such as specific populations enriched by flow-sorting or magnetic bead-based separation, can be a more challenging task in the context ...
... DNA from peripheral blood specimens including, for example, the QIAmp DNA blood (Mini) Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany). The extraction of DNA from small cell numbers, such as specific populations enriched by flow-sorting or magnetic bead-based separation, can be a more challenging task in the context ...
Fundamentals of Microbiology - Bharathiar University(Older Version
... Viruses are not usually classified into conventional taxonomic groups but are usually grouped according to such properties as size, the type of nucleic acid they contain, the structure of the capsid and the number of protein subunits in it, host species, and immunological characteristics. It also me ...
... Viruses are not usually classified into conventional taxonomic groups but are usually grouped according to such properties as size, the type of nucleic acid they contain, the structure of the capsid and the number of protein subunits in it, host species, and immunological characteristics. It also me ...
Frequent gene fissions associated with human pathogenic bacteria
... been described as rare. Of the total number of events observed in any particular study, percentages as low as 2%, and as high as 27% have been reported for multiple events [1,6,11,12]. Studies also show a stable and significant predominance of fusion over fission events. The ratio of fusion/fission eve ...
... been described as rare. Of the total number of events observed in any particular study, percentages as low as 2%, and as high as 27% have been reported for multiple events [1,6,11,12]. Studies also show a stable and significant predominance of fusion over fission events. The ratio of fusion/fission eve ...
Identification of editing positions in the ndhB transcript from maize
... CUA (Leu) transition occurs whereas the homologous Oenothera and wheat mitochondrial editing sites show an UCC (Ser) to UUC (Phe) transition (see also following section and Figure 7C and E). Thus, inspite of the homology of these editing sites between chloroplasts and mitochondria, codons for differ ...
... CUA (Leu) transition occurs whereas the homologous Oenothera and wheat mitochondrial editing sites show an UCC (Ser) to UUC (Phe) transition (see also following section and Figure 7C and E). Thus, inspite of the homology of these editing sites between chloroplasts and mitochondria, codons for differ ...
microbial indicators of fecal contamination: application to microbial
... media in most probable numbers or membrane filtration formats. Enzymebased methods are available for the detection of fecal streptococci. These indicators can be detected by incorporating fluorogenic (MUD = 4-methylumbelliferone β-D-glucoside) or chromogenic (indoxyl-β-Dglucoside) substrates into se ...
... media in most probable numbers or membrane filtration formats. Enzymebased methods are available for the detection of fecal streptococci. These indicators can be detected by incorporating fluorogenic (MUD = 4-methylumbelliferone β-D-glucoside) or chromogenic (indoxyl-β-Dglucoside) substrates into se ...
The dystrophin / utrophin homologues in Drosophila and in sea urchin
... sequence identity with dystrophin were characterized. Utrophin (DRP1) is encoded by an autosomal gene and consists of all four domains of dystrophin. At the amino acid level the two proteins show ,51% identity. The exon/intron structures of the two genes are also very similar (Love et al., 1989; Pea ...
... sequence identity with dystrophin were characterized. Utrophin (DRP1) is encoded by an autosomal gene and consists of all four domains of dystrophin. At the amino acid level the two proteins show ,51% identity. The exon/intron structures of the two genes are also very similar (Love et al., 1989; Pea ...
The Plastidic Phosphoglucomutase from
... of fatty acid methyl esters prepared from a total lipid extract and by 1H-NMR analysis, both described by Zou et al. (1997). RESULTS Identification of the At-PGMp cDNA Through homology searches of the EST databases using the coding sequence of the rabbit muscle PGM (accession no. 548497), we identif ...
... of fatty acid methyl esters prepared from a total lipid extract and by 1H-NMR analysis, both described by Zou et al. (1997). RESULTS Identification of the At-PGMp cDNA Through homology searches of the EST databases using the coding sequence of the rabbit muscle PGM (accession no. 548497), we identif ...
Bakteriell fysiologi och patogenes, 7.5 hp
... Without them we could simply not live! At the core of bacterial diversity is the dynamic variability of genes within the genome. Gene variability evolves new traits that enable bacteria to inhabit environmental niches that we as humans would consider very extreme. In addition, bacteria often associa ...
... Without them we could simply not live! At the core of bacterial diversity is the dynamic variability of genes within the genome. Gene variability evolves new traits that enable bacteria to inhabit environmental niches that we as humans would consider very extreme. In addition, bacteria often associa ...
1 ABUNDANCE, GENETIC DIVERSITY AND SYMBIOTIC
... Phaseolus vulgaris in Western Kenya soils. The soil samples were collected from cultivated lands in Kisumu near Lake Victoria, slopes of Mt. Elgon and Kakamega. In each of these regions, the soil samples were collected from four regions. 1ml of soil solution at 10 fold dilution for seven dilution st ...
... Phaseolus vulgaris in Western Kenya soils. The soil samples were collected from cultivated lands in Kisumu near Lake Victoria, slopes of Mt. Elgon and Kakamega. In each of these regions, the soil samples were collected from four regions. 1ml of soil solution at 10 fold dilution for seven dilution st ...
SEX-DETector: a probabilistic approach to uncover sex
... been developed to obtain partially assembled sex chromosome sequences. However, most of them remain difficult to apply to numerous non-model organisms, either because they require a reference genome, or because they are designed for evolutionarily old systems. Sequencing a cross (parents and progeny ...
... been developed to obtain partially assembled sex chromosome sequences. However, most of them remain difficult to apply to numerous non-model organisms, either because they require a reference genome, or because they are designed for evolutionarily old systems. Sequencing a cross (parents and progeny ...
Genes - Gerstein Lab Publications
... short direct repeats (about 9-15 base pairs) at their N- and C-termini [2]. We could not find any mention of processed pseudogenes in the worm in the scientific literature. We estimated the proportion of processed pseudogenes in G using a simple heuristic that involved looking for stretches of codi ...
... short direct repeats (about 9-15 base pairs) at their N- and C-termini [2]. We could not find any mention of processed pseudogenes in the worm in the scientific literature. We estimated the proportion of processed pseudogenes in G using a simple heuristic that involved looking for stretches of codi ...
Cloning: A Critical Analysis of Myths and Media
... Once the bacteria multiply, the bacteria cells are killed with antibiotics and the DNA extracted for further study. This technique is the first stage of most genetic engineering experiments, such as production of DNA libraries, PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and DNA sequencing. DNA cloning was ess ...
... Once the bacteria multiply, the bacteria cells are killed with antibiotics and the DNA extracted for further study. This technique is the first stage of most genetic engineering experiments, such as production of DNA libraries, PCR (polymerase chain reaction), and DNA sequencing. DNA cloning was ess ...
18. The Reference Sequence (RefSeq) Project
... The goal of the NCBI RefSeq [http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/RefSeq/] project is to provide the best nonredundant and comprehensive collection of naturally occurring DNA, RNA, and protein molecules for major organisms. The collection explicitly links the nucleotide and protein sequences. Ideally, all molecu ...
... The goal of the NCBI RefSeq [http://www.ncbi.nih.gov/RefSeq/] project is to provide the best nonredundant and comprehensive collection of naturally occurring DNA, RNA, and protein molecules for major organisms. The collection explicitly links the nucleotide and protein sequences. Ideally, all molecu ...
Slide 1
... SNP discovery: by sequencing, by EST sequence comparison SNP validation: SNAPShot, DHPLC, ...
... SNP discovery: by sequencing, by EST sequence comparison SNP validation: SNAPShot, DHPLC, ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... atypical EPEC. Fourty isolates (80%) of E. coli found do not have any one of the specific virulence genes, these isolates identified as non-EPEC (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and Table 3). It was shown that some of E. coli isolates were carriedthe bfpAgene approximately, 200bp which represent the non-specific ...
... atypical EPEC. Fourty isolates (80%) of E. coli found do not have any one of the specific virulence genes, these isolates identified as non-EPEC (Figures 1, 2, 3, 4 and Table 3). It was shown that some of E. coli isolates were carriedthe bfpAgene approximately, 200bp which represent the non-specific ...
Biotechnology Explorer™ Ligation and Transformation - Bio-Rad
... • Size — Most bacterial vectors are small, between 2,000–10,000 bp long (2–10 kilobases or kb), making them easy to manipulate • Copy number — Each plasmid is found at specific levels in its host bacterial strain. A high copy number plasmid might have hundreds of copies in each bacterium, while a lo ...
... • Size — Most bacterial vectors are small, between 2,000–10,000 bp long (2–10 kilobases or kb), making them easy to manipulate • Copy number — Each plasmid is found at specific levels in its host bacterial strain. A high copy number plasmid might have hundreds of copies in each bacterium, while a lo ...
Potential of Diagnostic Microbiology for Treatment
... specific. They may distinguish between closely related species, since they can differentiate among sequences that vary by only one base. After hybridization, the reaction is quantified by comparison of the signals of the probe with standards of pure DNA of the target species. The level of detection ...
... specific. They may distinguish between closely related species, since they can differentiate among sequences that vary by only one base. After hybridization, the reaction is quantified by comparison of the signals of the probe with standards of pure DNA of the target species. The level of detection ...
Polycomb Group silencers collaborate with Notch pathway to cause
... Mutant discs are oddly shaped when compared with WT discs, but the resulting adults have largely normal eyes. RT-PCR experiments were performed using RNA isolated from third instar larvae collected from GS88A8/hsp70-Gal4 heat-shocked (+) or without heat-shock (—). We noted that RT-PCR experiments sh ...
... Mutant discs are oddly shaped when compared with WT discs, but the resulting adults have largely normal eyes. RT-PCR experiments were performed using RNA isolated from third instar larvae collected from GS88A8/hsp70-Gal4 heat-shocked (+) or without heat-shock (—). We noted that RT-PCR experiments sh ...
Metagenomics
Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. The broad field may also be referred to as environmental genomics, ecogenomics or community genomics. While traditional microbiology and microbial genome sequencing and genomics rely upon cultivated clonal cultures, early environmental gene sequencing cloned specific genes (often the 16S rRNA gene) to produce a profile of diversity in a natural sample. Such work revealed that the vast majority of microbial biodiversity had been missed by cultivation-based methods. Recent studies use either ""shotgun"" or PCR directed sequencing to get largely unbiased samples of all genes from all the members of the sampled communities. Because of its ability to reveal the previously hidden diversity of microscopic life, metagenomics offers a powerful lens for viewing the microbial world that has the potential to revolutionize understanding of the entire living world. As the price of DNA sequencing continues to fall, metagenomics now allows microbial ecology to be investigated at a much greater scale and detail than before.