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Molecular Characterization of a Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene
Molecular Characterization of a Powdery Mildew Resistance Gene

... Wheat powdery mildew, caused by the obligate biotrophic parasitic fungus Blumeria graminis (DC) E.O. Speer f. sp. tritici, is an important foliar disease of wheat worldwide and is promulgated by the heavy use of high-yielding semidwarf cultivars, irrigation, and nitrogen fertilizer (1). Resistance t ...
Ecological and physiological studies on large intestinal bacteria in
Ecological and physiological studies on large intestinal bacteria in

... of compounds in the normal diet, forming toxicologically active products (Table 1). Although the toxicological significance of many of these reductive and hydrolytic bioconversions is at present unclear, the importance of GN and NR in absorption and activation of 1-nitropyrene, a common environmenta ...
A global picture of tRNA genes in plant genomes
A global picture of tRNA genes in plant genomes

... For each of the six genomes included in our survey, we determined the number of tDNAs and tRNA pseudogenes as well as the number of organellar tRNA genes inserted into the nuclear genomes (Table 1). We cannot exclude the possibility that a few of the transferred organellar tRNA genes became function ...
Ecological and physiological studies on large intestinal bacteria in
Ecological and physiological studies on large intestinal bacteria in

... of compounds in the normal diet, forming toxicologically active products (Table 1). Although the toxicological significance of many of these reductive and hydrolytic bioconversions is at present unclear, the importance of GN and NR in absorption and activation of 1-nitropyrene, a common environmenta ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Презентация PowerPoint
PowerPoint Presentation - Презентация PowerPoint

... • High affinity Ni-specific ABC transporter NikABCDE is present in many proteobacteria and is regulated by NikR. NikA is a periplasmic substrate-binding component, NikB and NikC are permease components, and NikD and NikE are ATPases. Since NikABCDE systems belong to the nickel/peptide/opine PepT fam ...
Subsystem: Transport of Nickel and Cobalt
Subsystem: Transport of Nickel and Cobalt

... substrate recognition in place of a classical substrate-binding component of ABC transporters, missing in all CbiM NQO transporters. The Ni-specific ABC systems contain either the NikN or NikL additional component with topology similar to that of CbiN. However, they are not similar to CbiN on the se ...
Geminivirus Replication Origins Have a Modular
Geminivirus Replication Origins Have a Modular

... by geminiviruses with bipartite genomes (Howarth and Vandemark, 1989; Etessami et al., 1991; Lazarowitz et al., 1992). This conservation also extends to the AL1 homologs encoded by geminiviruses with a single genome component (Mullineaux et al., 1985; Accotto et al., 1989; Lazarowitz et al., 1989; S ...
Presence of multiple group I introns closely 23S rRNAs of lichen-forming
Presence of multiple group I introns closely 23S rRNAs of lichen-forming

... these proteins appears to be their ability to invade unrelated types of intervening sequences, including group I introns. Although LAGLIDADG proteins display almost no similarity in terms of primary sequence, they share a conserved three-dimensional structure and use a flexible homing-site recogniti ...
Microbiology
Microbiology

... pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; RBS, ribosome-binding site; UAS, upstream activating sequence; YM, yeast-mannitol. The GenBank accession number for the sequence reported in this paper is M14641. 0001-9549 0 1995 SGM ...
Vaginal TM7 and the absorption of amino acids
Vaginal TM7 and the absorption of amino acids

... the point in which Streptomycin, a widely used antibiotic, would normally bind to the sequence, making the bacteria resistant. TM7 has been found in many different environments, such as, peat bog, termite gut, and wastewater, as well as having multiple strands being found within the human body (Bart ...
Symbionts and Pathogens: What is the Difference?
Symbionts and Pathogens: What is the Difference?

... considered whether the effects of the association were beneficial or detrimental for the partners. However, many authors have used these terms in a more restricted way as synonyms of mutualism and mutualist. In order to reduce this ambiguity, throughout this review we use the term symbiosis in the c ...
scope and use of bioinformatics in genomic and proteomic
scope and use of bioinformatics in genomic and proteomic

... Schweizerisches Institut für Bioinformatik Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics ...
Supplemental Material
Supplemental Material

... also posted at the AAA site, were also used in this analysis. The FlyBase inferred cytological map locations were assigned to all of the orthologs called in the four species. These associations were then ordered and sorted according to their scaffold assignments and molecular coordinates for each sp ...
functional analysis of chromatin assembly genes in tetrahymena
functional analysis of chromatin assembly genes in tetrahymena

... knockouts (HIRA, CAC2, UBN1and UBN2) and initiated the functional analysis of these chromatin assembly genes mediated in growth and development. The absence of CAC2 results in larger macronuclei and speculated to be a result of reduced histone H3-H4 deposition onto chromatin during growth. ...
Genomics Reveal Ancient Forms of Stanniocalcin in Amphioxus and
Genomics Reveal Ancient Forms of Stanniocalcin in Amphioxus and

... Synopsis Stanniocalcin (STC) is present throughout vertebrates, including humans, but a structure for STC has not been identified in animals that evolved before bony fish. The origin of this pleiotropic hormone known to regulate calcium is not clear. In the present study, we have cloned three stanni ...
Genomic overview of serine proteases
Genomic overview of serine proteases

... genes and proteins. Our approximate figures while conducting this study (July 2002) indicate that proteases are distributed as follows: 4% aspartate, 26% cysteine, 34% metallo, 5% threonine, and 30% serine proteases. These figures are in accordance with those of other recently published reports [11,12 ...
Antimicrobial Producing Bacteria as Agents of
Antimicrobial Producing Bacteria as Agents of

... of soils had been characterized to establish a baseline. Once enough soils had been tested, both for their CLPP and for antimicrobial-producers, we might be able to determine that a certain CLPP had a higher likelihood of containing antimicrobial-producers than other CLPPs and we could then decide t ...
Sequence requirements for function of the
Sequence requirements for function of the

... studies of transcription (Gerasimova and Corces, 2001). Insulators can block the interaction of enhancers with promoters when they are placed in between, and can also protect transgenes from chromosomal position effects on transcription when they are placed flanking the transgene. The suppressor of ...
Discovering the Distribution of Palindromic Sequences in the
Discovering the Distribution of Palindromic Sequences in the

... however many base pairs were found. The results only account for perfect palindromic sequences, not approximate palindromes. It is important to find DNA palindromes in RNA because of tendencies of forming hairpin loops and pseudoknots which are key components of secondary, tertiary, and quaternary s ...
Mitochondrial Transcript Processing and Restoration of Male Fertility
Mitochondrial Transcript Processing and Restoration of Male Fertility

... Efforts are under way to clone nuclear restorer genes in a number of laboratories. Because known gene products are not associated with fertility restoration, restorer genes are most readily isolated via genetic methods that rely on a mutant phenotype, such as map-based methods ( Bentolila et al. 199 ...
20060710_GOannotCamp_Stanford
20060710_GOannotCamp_Stanford

...  Get intersection of genes from three approaches and use these  This is not necessarily a complete set but is a good starting point (a starting set of a few hundred genes would be good.)  See how big the resulting gene sets are and go from there.  Single ortholog per human gene, 1:1, best hit on ...
Transposable elements activity reveals punctuated
Transposable elements activity reveals punctuated

... new parameter called Density of Insertion (DI), which is the ratio between the number of TE insertions in a genome and its size. We calculated the DI at both divergence thresholds (1%DI and 5%DI). As for mammalian speciation patterns, we also calculated the Rate of Speciation (RS) as the ratio betwe ...
The Underlying Similarity of Diversity Measures Used in
The Underlying Similarity of Diversity Measures Used in

... The simplest definition of diversity comes from the answer to the question “how different is everybody from everybody else?” If every chromosome is identical, there is no difference between any two chromosomes and hence there is no diversity in the population. If each chromosome is completely differ ...
Lecture 3 - Montefiore Institute ULg
Lecture 3 - Montefiore Institute ULg

... Testing for association between case/control status and a SNP  The genotype test involves a 2df test (note that two variables X1 and X2 were needed for genotype coding).  It has been shown that usually, the additive coding gives adequate power, even when the true underlying mode of inheritance is ...
Supplemental Tables
Supplemental Tables

... also posted at the AAA site, were also used in this analysis. The FlyBase inferred cytological map locations were assigned to all of the orthologs called in the four species. These associations were then ordered and sorted according to their scaffold assignments and molecular coordinates for each sp ...
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Metagenomics



Metagenomics is the study of genetic material recovered directly from environmental samples. The broad field may also be referred to as environmental genomics, ecogenomics or community genomics. While traditional microbiology and microbial genome sequencing and genomics rely upon cultivated clonal cultures, early environmental gene sequencing cloned specific genes (often the 16S rRNA gene) to produce a profile of diversity in a natural sample. Such work revealed that the vast majority of microbial biodiversity had been missed by cultivation-based methods. Recent studies use either ""shotgun"" or PCR directed sequencing to get largely unbiased samples of all genes from all the members of the sampled communities. Because of its ability to reveal the previously hidden diversity of microscopic life, metagenomics offers a powerful lens for viewing the microbial world that has the potential to revolutionize understanding of the entire living world. As the price of DNA sequencing continues to fall, metagenomics now allows microbial ecology to be investigated at a much greater scale and detail than before.
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