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A series of vectors for fungal transformation
A series of vectors for fungal transformation

... modified polylinker in pBluescript II and pBC (pCB1519 and pCB1520, respectively) where the XhoI site is flanked on both sides by SmaI sites. Second, the selectable markers were cloned into common cloning vectors outside the polylinker, thus leaving the lacZ gene intact. Most of the restriction enzy ...
Cloning and characterisation of a cysteine proteinase gene
Cloning and characterisation of a cysteine proteinase gene

... In order to clone a complete copy of Llacys1 gene, a cDNA library from L. (L.) amazonensis amastigotes was constructed in lZipLox vector and screened with Llacys1 gene as a probe. Two clones were isolated and sequenced, one of 1.6 kb (2A1) and another of 2.4 kb (3A4). They showed an ORF encoding cys ...
Use of Recombinant Adenovirus for Metabolic Engineering of
Use of Recombinant Adenovirus for Metabolic Engineering of

B. thuringiensis kurstaki
B. thuringiensis kurstaki

... cloned into a plasmid was genetically modified by altering portions of its left and right borders and deleting its transposase. Such an altered Tn5 element cannot be excised from the plasmid, even by exogenous transposase. Transposes is an enzyme that is encoded by transposon gene and facilitates th ...
References - Plant Developmental Biology
References - Plant Developmental Biology

... Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) represents one of the most significant advances in optical microscopy ever developed. This technique enables visualization deep within both living and fixed cells and tissues and affords the ability to collect sharply defined images of cellular components or ...
Basic Concepts in the Study of Diseases with Complex Genetics
Basic Concepts in the Study of Diseases with Complex Genetics

... genome, with each one of these markers a priori being quite unlikely to be linked. In fact, with a LOD score of 3.0, our chance to be wrong is about 9%—assuming a simple Mendelian disease (Lander and Schork 1994). To model the traditional threshold of claiming significance, i.e., p 5 .05, a LOD scor ...
Full text in pdf - International Microbiology
Full text in pdf - International Microbiology

... bands of ca. 48–54 kDa, corresponding to the GAPDHN subunits, in soluble protein extracts from the species mentioned above that have non-phosphorylating dehydrogenase activity Similar bands were detected by immunoblots and using the same antibodies in cell extracts from other bacteria, including Clo ...
Recombination
Recombination

... constructed the first genetic linkage map – working out the order and linear distances between genes using "three-factor crosses". Distance was arbitrarily expressed in units of recombinant frequencies as multiple of 0.01 (or 1%), a unit later denoted as one centimorgan (cM = 1 recombinant in 100 of ...
PubMed Advanced: Linking PubMed to NCBI Genetics Databases
PubMed Advanced: Linking PubMed to NCBI Genetics Databases

... Use the link to PubMed to get articles that have supported the Gene record. How does this list differ from what you found doing your keyword & MeSH searches? 5 minutes! Come back to chat to discuss ...
Chpt9_Transposition.doc
Chpt9_Transposition.doc

... genomes (between individuals) as well as within an individual’s genome. Given their prevalence in genomes, the function (if any) of transposable elements has been much discussed but is little understood. It is not even clear whether transposable elements should be considered an integral part of a sp ...
A-level Human Biology Question paper Unit 2 - Making Use of
A-level Human Biology Question paper Unit 2 - Making Use of

... β-galactosidase is secreted by some fungi as an extracellular enzyme. β-galactosidase from this source only works at low temperatures. If a thermostable form of β-galactosidase could be obtained, it could be used, in the dairy industry, to hydrolyse lactose at high temperatures. Some bacteria which ...
An Introduction to Hidden Markov Models for Biological Sequences
An Introduction to Hidden Markov Models for Biological Sequences

... Very efficient programs for searching a text for a combination of words are available on many computers. The same methods can be used for searching for patterns in biological sequences, but often they fail. This is because biological ‘spelling’ is much more sloppy than English spelling: proteins wit ...
Rediscovering the chick embryo as a model to study retinal
Rediscovering the chick embryo as a model to study retinal

... attributes described above, chick eyes are particularly big compared to most other commonly studied animals, which constitutes an important advantage not only for surgical manipulations, but also for the collection of larger amounts of tissue for cell culture and molecular analyses. Moreover, embryo ...
Daisy quorum drives for the genetic restoration of wild
Daisy quorum drives for the genetic restoration of wild

... This manuscript is an example of pre-registration to ensure transparency in experimental gene drive research. It's intended as a “living document” that begins by sharing key concepts, rationale, and experimental plans for viewing and comment by the community before any experiments begin. As data are ...
et al - International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary
et al - International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary

Question paper - Unit F215 - Control, genomes and
Question paper - Unit F215 - Control, genomes and

... (a) Organisms do not live in isolation, but interact with other organisms and with their physical environment. State the word used to describe: (i) ...
SM 2 Gen Evn
SM 2 Gen Evn

... Use of the terms coding strand and template strand with respect to DNA. Direction of synthesis must be identified. To include the letters of the code and how they are used to form triplets, codons and anticodons. The relationship between the code and the formation of proteins. Explanation of the deg ...
R i
R i

DOCX version - Word 59 KB - Office of the Gene Technology
DOCX version - Word 59 KB - Office of the Gene Technology

... with GMOs and the matters that the Regulator must take into account before deciding whether, or not, to issue a licence1. The application and the proposed dealings The OGTR has received an application from Bayer CropScience Pty Ltd (Bayer) for a licence to intentionally release genetically modified ...
Biology Prokaryotes: The First Life on Earth
Biology Prokaryotes: The First Life on Earth

... An inducible operon is one that isusually off; a molecule called an inducer inactivates the repressor and turns on transcription. An example of an inducible operon is thelac operon, which contains genes coding for enzymes that break down lactose into glucose so the bacteria can use it for energy. If ...
The Structure and Function of the DNA from Bacteriophage Lambda
The Structure and Function of the DNA from Bacteriophage Lambda

... developed several years ago (33) and consists of allowing the DNA to react with cells of E coli K12 which have been made competent by a previous infection with helper phage. Thus, to assay for the activity of a given gene, call it a + , on a fragment of DNA, we first infect the bacteria with a phage ...
toxicity in bread wheat - BMC Plant Biology
toxicity in bread wheat - BMC Plant Biology

... in QTL analysis [20]. The limited impact of single functional genes in plant stress tolerance has been associated with the polygenic nature of such traits. Thus, the identification and characterization of key regulatory genes that act as master regulators controlling entire response networks would b ...
Genetic Control of Meat Quality Traits
Genetic Control of Meat Quality Traits

... improved breeds are very productive under appropriate management systems. The selection methods used to create these specialized breeds were based on easily measured phenotypic variations, such as growth rate or physical size. Improvement in the desired trait was achieved by breeding directly from a ...
Prokaryotes: The First Life on Earth
Prokaryotes: The First Life on Earth

... Evidence that DNA can Transform Bacteria The discovery of the genetic role of DNA began with research by Frederick Griffith in 1928. Griffith worked with two strains of a bacterium: · a pathogenic “S” (smooth) strain and · a harmless “R” (rough) strain. When he mixed heat-killed remains of the patho ...
Insulin gene polymorphism and premature male pattern baldness in
Insulin gene polymorphism and premature male pattern baldness in

... Interestingly, the LOD score achieved by Waterworth et al. [7] was borderline (maximum LOD score l 3.25) [25] and was observed in only 9 of 17 families. It should be noted that there are several limitations to this type of association study, such as the possibility of population stratification betwe ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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