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The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse
The G protein-coupled receptor repertoires of human and mouse

... of these 46 mouse genes belonged to the trace amine receptor (17) and Mas1-related gene families (18, 19). These studies increased the number of endoGPCRs to 341 in human and 365 in mouse, with 319 endoGPCRs shared by the two species (Fig. 5). We next undertook an exhaustive search for new human end ...
An extreme cytoplasmic bottleneck in the modern European
An extreme cytoplasmic bottleneck in the modern European

... di¡erences in crosses between S. tuberosum ssp. tuberosum and S. tuberosum ssp. andigena (Waugh et al. 1990; Maris 1989), suggest that signi¢cant performance improvements may be realized by widening the cytoplasmic genetic base. A high-resolution cytoplasmic marker system to distinguish between di¡e ...
Potato chromosomes IX and XI carry genes for resistance to potato
Potato chromosomes IX and XI carry genes for resistance to potato

... scorable PCR marker linked to Gm (Fig. 2, lane 6). Mapping of the PVM resistance gene Rm The screening of the parental DNA of the ‘‘Rm’’ population with 56 ISSR and 185 RAPD primers resulted in detection of 121 (23%) and 485 (32%) polymorphic DNA fragments. However, only one 1,079 bp ISSR product, a ...
Powerpoint show
Powerpoint show

... 3. Determination of region in which polymorphic markers are tightly linked – no recombinants 4. Contig assembly and sequence analysis of region 5. Compare polymorphisms in candidate gene between normal and disease chromosomes to establish all affected family members have mutation 6. Test expression ...
The importance of alternative splicing in the drug discovery process
The importance of alternative splicing in the drug discovery process

... the activity of the full-length form. Thus, several apoptosis-related proteins, such as Bcl-x, Caspase-9, Ced-4 and Ich-1, have dominant negative splice variants that regulate their activity [13]. Aberrant splicing can result in pathological states. Approximately 15% of the single basepair mutations ...
The molecular epidemiology of iridovirus in Murray cod
The molecular epidemiology of iridovirus in Murray cod

A Rapid Chromosome Mapping Method for Cloned Fragments of Yeast DNA.
A Rapid Chromosome Mapping Method for Cloned Fragments of Yeast DNA.

... addition, allowed the identification of interesting DNA segments corresponding to no mapped yeast gene. T h e classical mapping methods referred to can be applied to mapping such DNA segments, usually via the introduction into the chromosome of markers present on an integrating vector plasmid (HINNE ...
Evolutionary Origin of Recombination during Meiosis
Evolutionary Origin of Recombination during Meiosis

... (or parts of chromosomes) originating from different parent cells align and undergo genetic recombination. The recombined DNA is passed on to a progeny bacterium. The core genes for meiosis were very likely present in the common ancestor of all eukaryotes Sexual reproduction involving meiosis is wid ...
CB3 - Homework
CB3 - Homework

... beakers. Add 10 cm of washing-up liquid and stir in gently until it dissolves. Do not make the mixture foamy! B Mash 50 g of peas using the pestle and mortar. When they are as mashed as you can make them, put them into the other large empty beaker and add the solution you made in step A. Stir slowly ...
not a plastid specific promoter but is also capable of
not a plastid specific promoter but is also capable of

Chpt20_TxnlRegChromatin.doc
Chpt20_TxnlRegChromatin.doc

... Figure 4.6.9. DNase I digestion of nuclei preferentially cuts restriction endonuclease fragments containing actively transcribed DNA. Adapted from Stalder et al. (1980) Cell 20:451-460, Fig. ...
Constitutive Mutations of the Saccharomyces
Constitutive Mutations of the Saccharomyces

... pMAL64R10 transformants under noninduced conditions is twice that under induced conditions, andtwice that observed in transformants carrying the inducible MALG? allele (plasmid YCpMAL63) grown in maltose. This is likely due to glucose repression resulting from the potentially high levels of intracel ...
Barriers and paths to market for genetically engineered crops
Barriers and paths to market for genetically engineered crops

... make it possible to screen plants before, during, and after harvest. Near-infrared spectroscopy is most suitable for non-destructive determinations of abundant macromolecules including protein, water, starch and fibre (Sinclair et al., 2004; Montes et al., 2007), and methods such as metabolomics can ...
video slide - Course
video slide - Course

... Because only cells that can make both arginine and tryptophan (arg+ trp+ cells) can grow into colonies on minimal medium, the lack of colonies on the two control plates showed that no further mutations had occurred restoring this ability to cells of the mutant strains. Thus, each cell from the mixtu ...
MIT Department of Biology 7.28, Spring 2005
MIT Department of Biology 7.28, Spring 2005

... Double-strand breaks can occur anywhere in the genome. (However, it is true that the Spo11 proteins that initiate double strand breaks during meiosis in eukaryotes do show some site specificity. This results in some hot and cold regions for homologous recombination. ) Property 2: The components that ...
File
File

video slide - Biology Junction
video slide - Biology Junction

... Because only cells that can make both arginine and tryptophan (arg+ trp+ cells) can grow into colonies on minimal medium, the lack of colonies on the two control plates showed that no further mutations had occurred restoring this ability to cells of the mutant strains. Thus, each cell from the mixtu ...
A bacterial two-hybrid genome fragment library for
A bacterial two-hybrid genome fragment library for

... from transcriptional events. Additionally, the bacterial twohybrid method is able to detect protein interactions that occur either in the cytosol or in the inner membrane. From the species point of view, bacterial protein–bacterial protein interactions would probably be detected with higher efficacy ...
the genome of herpes simplex virus: structure, replication and
the genome of herpes simplex virus: structure, replication and

... cis-acting signals fo r D N A replication a n d processing There was some early evidence, from electron microscopic analyses of H SV D N A extracted from infected cells, that the virus genome might possess one or more specific sites at which replicative synthesis of D N A started (Friedmann et al. 1 ...
c-fos Protein Can Induce Cellular Transformation: A Novel
c-fos Protein Can Induce Cellular Transformation: A Novel

... We wanted to determine the factor(s) responsible for the difference in the transforming ability of the v-fos and c-fos genes. Our strategy involved construction of chimeric plasmids containing portions from both genes. We describe the construction and confirmation of the plasmid structures in detail ...
Article The Landscape of Realized Homologous
Article The Landscape of Realized Homologous

... (Perez-Losada et al. 2006; Vos 2009), ranging from clonal species (Smith et al. 2006) to those that exchange 10% or more of their DNA within a single 4-year human infection (Cao et al. 2014). This variation presents specific challenges for effective comparison between species. We recently developed ...
Statistical analysis of simple repeats in the human genome
Statistical analysis of simple repeats in the human genome

... associated with any of the single- or di-nucleotide probabilities, nor with any mnucleotide probability, with m42: This finding is consistent with the general acceptance of the failure of zeroth- and first-order Markovian models of simple repeats to fully account for ‘‘linguistic’’ features of non-cod ...
Nematode genome evolution
Nematode genome evolution

... enabled nematodes to invade many different habitats. Analyses of the C. elegans and C. briggsae genomes suggest that these include major changes in gene content; as well as in chromosome number, structure and size. Here I discuss how the data set of ten genomes will be ideal for tackling questions a ...
Nucleotide Sequence of the SAC2 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .
Nucleotide Sequence of the SAC2 Gene of Saccharomyces cerevisiae .

... to 10 days at 11°C. Temperature-sensitivity of into M13 derivatives (Messing, 1983) and seactl-1 and suppression by SAC2 mutations were quenced by standard dideoxy sequencing methods scored after 3 days at 37°C. Growth tests were (Sanger et al., 1977). performed by spotting suspensions of cells in w ...
1 Introduction
1 Introduction

... gyrase from Escherichia coli is unique, because the enzyme can introduce negative supercoiling, not only in relaxed DNA but also in positively supercoiled DNA (Osheroff et al, 1983; Schomburg & Grosse, 1986). As a model for this supercoiling activity, it has been suggested that the DNA is wrapped ar ...
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Genome editing

Genome editing, or genome editing with engineered nucleases (GEEN) is a type of genetic engineering in which DNA is inserted, replaced, or removed from a genome using artificially engineered nucleases, or ""molecular scissors."" The nucleases create specific double-stranded break (DSBs) at desired locations in the genome, and harness the cell’s endogenous mechanisms to repair the induced break by natural processes of homologous recombination (HR) and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). There are currently four families of engineered nucleases being used: Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs), Transcription Activator-Like Effector Nucleases (TALENs), the CRISPR/Cas system, and engineered meganuclease re-engineered homing endonucleases.It is commonly practiced in genetic analysis that in order to understand the function of a gene or a protein function one interferes with it in a sequence-specific way and monitors its effects on the organism. However, in some organisms it is difficult or impossible to perform site-specific mutagenesis, and therefore more indirect methods have to be used, such as silencing the gene of interest by short RNA interference (siRNA) . Yet gene disruption by siRNA can be variable and incomplete. Genome editing with nucleases such as ZFN is different from siRNA in that the engineered nuclease is able to modify DNA-binding specificity and therefore can in principle cut any targeted position in the genome, and introduce modification of the endogenous sequences for genes that are impossible to specifically target by conventional RNAi. Furthermore, the specificity of ZFNs and TALENs are enhanced as two ZFNs are required in the recognition of their portion of the target and subsequently direct to the neighboring sequences.It was chosen by Nature Methods as the 2011 Method of the Year.
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