Pleurochrysome: A Web Database of
... UNIGENEs) assembled from expressed sequence tag sequences of P. haptonemofera as core information. The UNIGENEs were annotated with gene sequences sharing significant homology, conserved domains, Gene Ontology, KEGG Orthology, predicted subcellular localization, open reading frames and orthologous r ...
... UNIGENEs) assembled from expressed sequence tag sequences of P. haptonemofera as core information. The UNIGENEs were annotated with gene sequences sharing significant homology, conserved domains, Gene Ontology, KEGG Orthology, predicted subcellular localization, open reading frames and orthologous r ...
Time Dependency of Molecular Rate Estimates and Systematic
... Time Dependency of Molecular Rate Estimates and Systematic Overestimation of Recent Divergence Times Simon Y. W. Ho,* Matthew J. Phillips,* Alan Cooper,*1 and Alexei J. Drummond *Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Ev ...
... Time Dependency of Molecular Rate Estimates and Systematic Overestimation of Recent Divergence Times Simon Y. W. Ho,* Matthew J. Phillips,* Alan Cooper,*1 and Alexei J. Drummond *Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules Centre, Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom; and Ev ...
A set reduction and pattern matching problem motivated by Allele
... region by a DNA polymerase which extends the primer sequence and creates two copies of the flanked region. This process is repeated many times causing exponential amplification of the sequence and ensuring it is present in detectable levels (Fig. 1). Allelic variants—different sets of alleles in an ...
... region by a DNA polymerase which extends the primer sequence and creates two copies of the flanked region. This process is repeated many times causing exponential amplification of the sequence and ensuring it is present in detectable levels (Fig. 1). Allelic variants—different sets of alleles in an ...
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... considerable algorithmic challenges, which gave rise to (often unnatural) constraints on these models, even for conceptually simple tasks such as the calculation of distance between two structures or the identification of UCEs. These constraints are now being addressed with fast and efficient soluti ...
... considerable algorithmic challenges, which gave rise to (often unnatural) constraints on these models, even for conceptually simple tasks such as the calculation of distance between two structures or the identification of UCEs. These constraints are now being addressed with fast and efficient soluti ...
Origin of New Genes: Evidence from Experimental
... occurred within the past 100 million years – a divergence time between Solanaceae and Brassicaceae and that the newly acquired peptide evolved much more rapidly than its counterpart in GAPDH. Sphinx Exon shuffling, as shown in jingwei in Drosophila, cytochrome c1 in plants and other cases, has been ...
... occurred within the past 100 million years – a divergence time between Solanaceae and Brassicaceae and that the newly acquired peptide evolved much more rapidly than its counterpart in GAPDH. Sphinx Exon shuffling, as shown in jingwei in Drosophila, cytochrome c1 in plants and other cases, has been ...
Gill: Human Disease Genomics
... 1 Collect scientific literature about all structural variant correlations with human disease & traits. 2 Genotype customers for as many informative loci as is commercially viable. 3 Offer counseling for your findings, and their meaning. 4 Ask customers to phenotype themselves. 5 Discover new associa ...
... 1 Collect scientific literature about all structural variant correlations with human disease & traits. 2 Genotype customers for as many informative loci as is commercially viable. 3 Offer counseling for your findings, and their meaning. 4 Ask customers to phenotype themselves. 5 Discover new associa ...
Long Noncoding RNA as a Regulator for Transcription
... same gene have been observed in various loci. It could be a general mechanism that the transcripts from the alternative promoters have a regulatory role in transcription of the promoter. ...
... same gene have been observed in various loci. It could be a general mechanism that the transcripts from the alternative promoters have a regulatory role in transcription of the promoter. ...
PLEIOTROPIC MULTI-TRAIT GENOME
... fixed effects. The FA traits were corrected for intramuscular fat content. The individual trait results were combined using the meta-analysis described by Bolormaa et al. (2014). To avoid identifying a large number of closely linked SNPs, whose association with traits is due to the same QTL, only th ...
... fixed effects. The FA traits were corrected for intramuscular fat content. The individual trait results were combined using the meta-analysis described by Bolormaa et al. (2014). To avoid identifying a large number of closely linked SNPs, whose association with traits is due to the same QTL, only th ...
Translation
... • RNA polyadenylation: repeated adenine nucleotides (100-200) are bound to the 3´end (poly-A end). These two modifications increase the stability of mRNA. RNA splicing: noncoding sequenses (introns) are removed from primary transcript and coding sequenses (exons) are joined in given order. [FIG.] [F ...
... • RNA polyadenylation: repeated adenine nucleotides (100-200) are bound to the 3´end (poly-A end). These two modifications increase the stability of mRNA. RNA splicing: noncoding sequenses (introns) are removed from primary transcript and coding sequenses (exons) are joined in given order. [FIG.] [F ...
CAIcal: A combined set of tools to assess codon usage adaptation
... that most of E4 overlaps with E2, that the mature E1^E4 protein contains a few amino acids from E1 and that the splice sites are not strictly conserved, makes it difficult to determine the true E4 sequence in silico. The E4 PVs genes available in the databases are therefore very different in length ...
... that most of E4 overlaps with E2, that the mature E1^E4 protein contains a few amino acids from E1 and that the splice sites are not strictly conserved, makes it difficult to determine the true E4 sequence in silico. The E4 PVs genes available in the databases are therefore very different in length ...
Protein Interactions Limit the Rate of Evolution of
... Orthologs of protein sequences were retrieved with Blast (Altschul et al. 1997) using an e value of 104 as a lower limit cutoff. Genomes of Nostoc punctiforme and Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 were in draft form when this work was undertaken, and preliminary protein-coding sequences were download ...
... Orthologs of protein sequences were retrieved with Blast (Altschul et al. 1997) using an e value of 104 as a lower limit cutoff. Genomes of Nostoc punctiforme and Trichodesmium erythraeum IMS101 were in draft form when this work was undertaken, and preliminary protein-coding sequences were download ...
After giving a short brief report about importance of DNA molecules
... Although there have been performed considerable amount of experimental work, these have been performed using the methods presented previously, the electrical properties of DNA molecule are still not well established yet. Experimental efforts ...
... Although there have been performed considerable amount of experimental work, these have been performed using the methods presented previously, the electrical properties of DNA molecule are still not well established yet. Experimental efforts ...
hybrid DNA molecules
... most transformation events by a hybrid DNA molecule containing the yeast leu2 gene could be accounted for by homologous recombination at the leu2 locus. They also found transformants in which the leu2 + character was unlinked to leu2 (as in model 3) and transformants that did not contain any foreign ...
... most transformation events by a hybrid DNA molecule containing the yeast leu2 gene could be accounted for by homologous recombination at the leu2 locus. They also found transformants in which the leu2 + character was unlinked to leu2 (as in model 3) and transformants that did not contain any foreign ...
Evolution by gene duplication: an update
... genes are the result of gene duplication that occurred before the radiation of ruminants at least 35 MY ago. In all other ruminants, the seminal ribonuclease gene either contains deleterious mutations or is not expressed [28–30], which suggests that the seminal ribonuclease gene had been a pseudogen ...
... genes are the result of gene duplication that occurred before the radiation of ruminants at least 35 MY ago. In all other ruminants, the seminal ribonuclease gene either contains deleterious mutations or is not expressed [28–30], which suggests that the seminal ribonuclease gene had been a pseudogen ...
Genome-scale profiling of histone H3.3 replacement patterns
... domain) had patterns that corresponded closely with those of H3.3 (Fig. 2e,f). We also observed this similarity between H3.3 and markers of active chromatin and transcription for other gene-rich regions. Therefore, replication-independent deposition of H3.3 marks actively transcribed genes genome-wi ...
... domain) had patterns that corresponded closely with those of H3.3 (Fig. 2e,f). We also observed this similarity between H3.3 and markers of active chromatin and transcription for other gene-rich regions. Therefore, replication-independent deposition of H3.3 marks actively transcribed genes genome-wi ...
Studies of codon usage and tRNA genes of 18 unicellular organisms
... (Nomura and Morgan, 1977). To support efficient protein synthesis, the genes for tRNAs and rRNAs should have concordantly increased in their copy numbers. Actually, the copy number of rRNA genes is correlated closely with the total number of tRNA genes ( Fig. 4B). In most species we analyzed, riboso ...
... (Nomura and Morgan, 1977). To support efficient protein synthesis, the genes for tRNAs and rRNAs should have concordantly increased in their copy numbers. Actually, the copy number of rRNA genes is correlated closely with the total number of tRNA genes ( Fig. 4B). In most species we analyzed, riboso ...
shERWOOD-UltramiR shRNA
... UltramiR - Increased small RNA processing = Increased Knockdown The miR-30 scaffold has been further optimized based on conserved domains shown to be important determinants of primary microRNA processing by Drosha (Auyeung et al., 2013). This enhanced microRNA scaffold increases small RNA levels pr ...
... UltramiR - Increased small RNA processing = Increased Knockdown The miR-30 scaffold has been further optimized based on conserved domains shown to be important determinants of primary microRNA processing by Drosha (Auyeung et al., 2013). This enhanced microRNA scaffold increases small RNA levels pr ...
Comparative analysis of peanut NBS‐LRR gene clusters suggests
... • Here, we isolated and characterized peanut bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) containing a high density of R genes. Analysis of two genomic regions identified several TIR-NBS-LRR (Toll-interleukin-1 receptor, nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat) resistance gene analogs or gene fragme ...
... • Here, we isolated and characterized peanut bacterial artificial chromosomes (BACs) containing a high density of R genes. Analysis of two genomic regions identified several TIR-NBS-LRR (Toll-interleukin-1 receptor, nucleotide-binding site, leucine-rich repeat) resistance gene analogs or gene fragme ...
finding the genes that regulate development
... See the development of the fruit fly from egg cell to larva laid out in Fig. 18.19 An important point to note: Each segment in the embryo is individually recognisable. It is possible to see if the pattern has been altered (as in the two mutants illustrated below). But this is not only true of the ad ...
... See the development of the fruit fly from egg cell to larva laid out in Fig. 18.19 An important point to note: Each segment in the embryo is individually recognisable. It is possible to see if the pattern has been altered (as in the two mutants illustrated below). But this is not only true of the ad ...
MGI
... Diseases are characterized by phenotypes including the order, severity and duration with which they occur. A full model of disease takes into account dimensions of anatomy, time, severity, therapeutic responsiveness, outcomes etc. There is also a probabilistic element to an instance of the disease a ...
... Diseases are characterized by phenotypes including the order, severity and duration with which they occur. A full model of disease takes into account dimensions of anatomy, time, severity, therapeutic responsiveness, outcomes etc. There is also a probabilistic element to an instance of the disease a ...
Package `LDheatmap`
... been adopted, in which horizontal coordinates correspond to the rows of the matrix and vertical coordinates correspond to columns, and vertical coordinates are indexed in increasing order from bottom to top. For the argument color, an appropriate color palette for quantitative data is recommended, a ...
... been adopted, in which horizontal coordinates correspond to the rows of the matrix and vertical coordinates correspond to columns, and vertical coordinates are indexed in increasing order from bottom to top. For the argument color, an appropriate color palette for quantitative data is recommended, a ...
Chromatin Domain Boundaries: Defining the Functional Domains in
... site of insertion in the genome. Often the same transgene expresses to different levels based on its site of integration in the genome. This “position effect” is due to the action of neighbouring regulatory regions on the transgene. In “insulation from position effect” assay, a reporter along with i ...
... site of insertion in the genome. Often the same transgene expresses to different levels based on its site of integration in the genome. This “position effect” is due to the action of neighbouring regulatory regions on the transgene. In “insulation from position effect” assay, a reporter along with i ...
Interchromosomal Segmental Duplications Explain the Unusual
... functional trypsins in the digestive tract. PRSS1 and PRSS2 are located on chromosome 7q35, while PRSS3 is found on chromosome 9p13. Here, we report a variation of the theme of new gene creation by duplication: the PRSS3 gene was formed by segmental duplications originating from chromosomes 7q35 and ...
... functional trypsins in the digestive tract. PRSS1 and PRSS2 are located on chromosome 7q35, while PRSS3 is found on chromosome 9p13. Here, we report a variation of the theme of new gene creation by duplication: the PRSS3 gene was formed by segmental duplications originating from chromosomes 7q35 and ...
Biology, 8th Edition
... ❚ Genes present in genomic DNA and chromosome libraries from eukaryotes contain introns, regions that do not code for protein. Those genes can be amplified in bacteria, but the protein is not properly expressed. Because the introns have been removed from mRNA molecules, eukaryotic genes in cDNA libra ...
... ❚ Genes present in genomic DNA and chromosome libraries from eukaryotes contain introns, regions that do not code for protein. Those genes can be amplified in bacteria, but the protein is not properly expressed. Because the introns have been removed from mRNA molecules, eukaryotic genes in cDNA libra ...
Human genome
The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and noncoding DNA. Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. While there are significant differences among the genomes of human individuals (on the order of 0.1%), these are considerably smaller than the differences between humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (approximately 4%) and bonobos. Humans share 50% of their DNA with bananas.The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes, with the first draft sequence and initial analysis being published on February 12, 2001. The human genome was the first of all vertebrates to be completely sequenced. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Although the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance.There are an estimated 20,000-25,000 human protein-coding genes. The estimate of the number of human genes has been repeatedly revised down from initial predictions of 100,000 or more as genome sequence quality and gene finding methods have improved, and could continue to drop further. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no function has been elucidated.