The role of regulatory variation in complex traits and
... Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are regions of the genome containing DNA sequence variants that influence the expression level of one or more genes. They are identified by studying a population of genetically different individuals (FIG. 1). These individuals can be members of an outbred p ...
... Expression quantitative trait loci (eQTLs) are regions of the genome containing DNA sequence variants that influence the expression level of one or more genes. They are identified by studying a population of genetically different individuals (FIG. 1). These individuals can be members of an outbred p ...
hered master 4..hered 285 .. Page78
... Ghesquière, 1994) that each gamete in the pentaploid hybrid contains a complete Lm genome. The low frequency (2 per cent) of plants with no Lm PGI/2 alleles shows that a complete Lm genome is nearly always required to provide gamete viability. On the other hand, the existence of a large proportion ...
... Ghesquière, 1994) that each gamete in the pentaploid hybrid contains a complete Lm genome. The low frequency (2 per cent) of plants with no Lm PGI/2 alleles shows that a complete Lm genome is nearly always required to provide gamete viability. On the other hand, the existence of a large proportion ...
Mgr. Martina Višňovská Alignments on Sequences with Internal
... Search for similarities between biological sequences is one of the essential problems in bioinformatics. Importance of the search grows with increasing amount of available genomic sequences as sequence similarity possibly indicates functional similarity or homology (shored evolutionary origin) of th ...
... Search for similarities between biological sequences is one of the essential problems in bioinformatics. Importance of the search grows with increasing amount of available genomic sequences as sequence similarity possibly indicates functional similarity or homology (shored evolutionary origin) of th ...
The DNA sequence of the fragment Hind.30, 378 bases lcng, fran
... ill vitro transcriptianal terminator sites and a sequence of 171 bases which probably codes for the N terminus of the T7 RNA polymerase. The sequence also codes for the RNase III cleavage site before gene 1. This overlaps with the transcriptianal terminators. The RNA transcript of the sequence about ...
... ill vitro transcriptianal terminator sites and a sequence of 171 bases which probably codes for the N terminus of the T7 RNA polymerase. The sequence also codes for the RNase III cleavage site before gene 1. This overlaps with the transcriptianal terminators. The RNA transcript of the sequence about ...
Epigenetics - Institute for Cancer Genetics
... non-coding RNAs, including small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in gene expression regulation at several levels transcription, mRNA degradation, splicing, transport and translation (21). The main function of siRNAs and miRNAs is po ...
... non-coding RNAs, including small interfering RNA (siRNA), microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in gene expression regulation at several levels transcription, mRNA degradation, splicing, transport and translation (21). The main function of siRNAs and miRNAs is po ...
IJBT 11(4) 412-415
... improvement due to crop cleanliness and easy incorporation in wheat germplasm. However, hypersensitive resistance genes lead to high selection pressure on the pathogen races and, thereby, evolution of new races. Breeders are increasingly focusing on identification and incorporation of non-hypersensi ...
... improvement due to crop cleanliness and easy incorporation in wheat germplasm. However, hypersensitive resistance genes lead to high selection pressure on the pathogen races and, thereby, evolution of new races. Breeders are increasingly focusing on identification and incorporation of non-hypersensi ...
Supplementary Material for Autozygome Sequencing Expands the
... and excluded cases where the gene appeared highly variable. 2- Detect potential rescue mechanisms for each candidate LoF allele, such as alternative splice sites, nearby repeated fragments, or potential different ORF start sites. Also, each allele was examined against a full variant report listing f ...
... and excluded cases where the gene appeared highly variable. 2- Detect potential rescue mechanisms for each candidate LoF allele, such as alternative splice sites, nearby repeated fragments, or potential different ORF start sites. Also, each allele was examined against a full variant report listing f ...
Meiosis - Montville.net
... What creates genetic variability? 1. Crossing over - switching of genes during meiosis 1 creates a unique combination of genes 1. Independent Assortment - chromosomes separate into gametes randomly during meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 1. Random Fertilization - random sperm and egg combine to make a uniqu ...
... What creates genetic variability? 1. Crossing over - switching of genes during meiosis 1 creates a unique combination of genes 1. Independent Assortment - chromosomes separate into gametes randomly during meiosis 1 and meiosis 2 1. Random Fertilization - random sperm and egg combine to make a uniqu ...
Novel Antibacterials: A Genomics Approach to Drug Discovery
... resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in the clinic has necessitated the development of new antibiotics. The golden age of antibiotic discovery, in which potent selective compounds were readily extracted from natural product extracts is over and novel approaches need to be implemented to cover the therap ...
... resistant Staphylococcus aureus, in the clinic has necessitated the development of new antibiotics. The golden age of antibiotic discovery, in which potent selective compounds were readily extracted from natural product extracts is over and novel approaches need to be implemented to cover the therap ...
Genes - Gerstein Lab Publications
... Highly expressed genes appear to have fewer dead gene copies or fragments. When only EST-matched genes are considered, GE corresponds to 5% of GE (363 predicted pseudogenes) (Table 1). (Intermediate between these, there are 1,165 predicted pseudogenes that correspond to a gene with an EST match or ...
... Highly expressed genes appear to have fewer dead gene copies or fragments. When only EST-matched genes are considered, GE corresponds to 5% of GE (363 predicted pseudogenes) (Table 1). (Intermediate between these, there are 1,165 predicted pseudogenes that correspond to a gene with an EST match or ...
Pseudogenes as regulators of biological function
... results using such techniques suggest that as many as one-fifth of pseudogenes may be transcribed into RNA [5]. Recent RNA-seq experiments have shown that pseudogene RNA represents a significant proportion of the transcriptome in cancer cells [19]. A recent genome-wide study of pseudogene sequences ...
... results using such techniques suggest that as many as one-fifth of pseudogenes may be transcribed into RNA [5]. Recent RNA-seq experiments have shown that pseudogene RNA represents a significant proportion of the transcriptome in cancer cells [19]. A recent genome-wide study of pseudogene sequences ...
Database resources of the National Center for Biotechnology
... These databases include DNA and protein sequences derived from several sources (1,3±6), the NCBI taxonomy, genomes, population sets, gene expression data, gene-oriented sequence clusters in UniGene, sequence-tagged sites in UniSTS, genetic variations in dbSNP, protein structures from the Molecular M ...
... These databases include DNA and protein sequences derived from several sources (1,3±6), the NCBI taxonomy, genomes, population sets, gene expression data, gene-oriented sequence clusters in UniGene, sequence-tagged sites in UniSTS, genetic variations in dbSNP, protein structures from the Molecular M ...
bioinformatics
... ancestor. Two such segments are called segmental homologs (SH). When dealing with an incompletely mapped genome, knowing that two segments are homologous is useful in that it suggests that other (unmapped) features within those same segments may have homologous counterparts in the opposite segment. ...
... ancestor. Two such segments are called segmental homologs (SH). When dealing with an incompletely mapped genome, knowing that two segments are homologous is useful in that it suggests that other (unmapped) features within those same segments may have homologous counterparts in the opposite segment. ...
PDF
... Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon in mammals whereby the expression of a subset of autosomal genes is restricted to one of the parental chromosomes such that they are expressed either from the maternal or the paternal chromosome. So far more than 80 imprinted genes have been identified ...
... Genomic imprinting is an epigenetic phenomenon in mammals whereby the expression of a subset of autosomal genes is restricted to one of the parental chromosomes such that they are expressed either from the maternal or the paternal chromosome. So far more than 80 imprinted genes have been identified ...
Chromosomes
... What is a Chromosome? • Chromosome is the highly condensed form of DNA • Wrapped into nucleosomes • Wrapped into chromatin fiber • Condensed during metaphase into the familiar shape • Humans have 22 autosomal pairs • And one pair of sex chromosomes ...
... What is a Chromosome? • Chromosome is the highly condensed form of DNA • Wrapped into nucleosomes • Wrapped into chromatin fiber • Condensed during metaphase into the familiar shape • Humans have 22 autosomal pairs • And one pair of sex chromosomes ...
and Light-Chain Variable-Region Gene Families
... genes suggested by the earlier studies (Hayzer 1990; Zezza, Stewart, and Steiner 1992). However, in Hayzer’s (1990) classification, Vl groups A, B, and C have been classified as one group and in Zezza, Stewart, and Steiner’s (1992) classification, Vl groups A and B have been placed into one group, a ...
... genes suggested by the earlier studies (Hayzer 1990; Zezza, Stewart, and Steiner 1992). However, in Hayzer’s (1990) classification, Vl groups A, B, and C have been classified as one group and in Zezza, Stewart, and Steiner’s (1992) classification, Vl groups A and B have been placed into one group, a ...
Navigating the HapMap - Oxford Academic
... are not hard to imagine in the complex, threedimensional environments of RNAs and proteins. Specific amino acid pairings (e.g. hydrogenbonded residues in parallel beta-sheets [6]) may be critical to protein structure and function; while ribonucleotide pairs may be functionally constrained ...
... are not hard to imagine in the complex, threedimensional environments of RNAs and proteins. Specific amino acid pairings (e.g. hydrogenbonded residues in parallel beta-sheets [6]) may be critical to protein structure and function; while ribonucleotide pairs may be functionally constrained ...
Basic sequence analyses and submission
... backwards. Complement will list the complementary bases. Antisense will both Reverse and Complement the sequence. It is important that you select the correct option.) In the sequence manipulation window you can select to copy the new sequence to the clipboard or insert it at the end of your sequence ...
... backwards. Complement will list the complementary bases. Antisense will both Reverse and Complement the sequence. It is important that you select the correct option.) In the sequence manipulation window you can select to copy the new sequence to the clipboard or insert it at the end of your sequence ...
Mugisha, L., Leendertz, FH, Opuda-Asibo, J., Olobo, JO, Ehlers, B. A
... immune system have been implicated in the initiation of infection leading to substantial acute phase replication and subsequent establishment of a maximal level of latency. In addition, it is not known whether the gammaherpesviruses found in great apes present the same way as their human counterpart ...
... immune system have been implicated in the initiation of infection leading to substantial acute phase replication and subsequent establishment of a maximal level of latency. In addition, it is not known whether the gammaherpesviruses found in great apes present the same way as their human counterpart ...
Analysis of Virulence Potential of Escherichia coli O145 strains
... (STEC) that causes food borne infections in the United States (Brooks et al., 2005). The serogroup is responsible for several outbreaks in the United States and other countries such as Germany (Beutin et al., 1998) and Belgium (De Schrijver et al., 2008). Two cases of E. coli O145-associated illness ...
... (STEC) that causes food borne infections in the United States (Brooks et al., 2005). The serogroup is responsible for several outbreaks in the United States and other countries such as Germany (Beutin et al., 1998) and Belgium (De Schrijver et al., 2008). Two cases of E. coli O145-associated illness ...
What Do You Mean, “Epigenetic”?
... 2010). Those in the field of genetics concerned with DNA methylation, chromatin activity states, chromosomal imprinting, centromere function, etc., predominantly use Holliday’s notion of epigenetics. They are interested in how expression patterns persist across different cells (mitosis) and generatio ...
... 2010). Those in the field of genetics concerned with DNA methylation, chromatin activity states, chromosomal imprinting, centromere function, etc., predominantly use Holliday’s notion of epigenetics. They are interested in how expression patterns persist across different cells (mitosis) and generatio ...
1.1 - Biology Junction
... Genes and the Environment Some obvious human traits are almost impossible to associate with single genes. Traits, such as the shape of your eyes or ears, are polygenic, meaning they are controlled by many genes. Many of your personal traits are only partly governed by genetics. Slide 11 of 43 Copyri ...
... Genes and the Environment Some obvious human traits are almost impossible to associate with single genes. Traits, such as the shape of your eyes or ears, are polygenic, meaning they are controlled by many genes. Many of your personal traits are only partly governed by genetics. Slide 11 of 43 Copyri ...
C. Errors and Exceptions in Chromosomal
... along by mitosis to a large number of cells. This is likely to have a substantial effect on the organism. Organisms with more than two complete sets of chromosomes, have undergone polypoidy. This may occur when a normal gamete fertilizes another gamete in which there has been nondisjunction of ...
... along by mitosis to a large number of cells. This is likely to have a substantial effect on the organism. Organisms with more than two complete sets of chromosomes, have undergone polypoidy. This may occur when a normal gamete fertilizes another gamete in which there has been nondisjunction of ...
Human genome
The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and noncoding DNA. Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. While there are significant differences among the genomes of human individuals (on the order of 0.1%), these are considerably smaller than the differences between humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (approximately 4%) and bonobos. Humans share 50% of their DNA with bananas.The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes, with the first draft sequence and initial analysis being published on February 12, 2001. The human genome was the first of all vertebrates to be completely sequenced. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Although the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance.There are an estimated 20,000-25,000 human protein-coding genes. The estimate of the number of human genes has been repeatedly revised down from initial predictions of 100,000 or more as genome sequence quality and gene finding methods have improved, and could continue to drop further. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no function has been elucidated.