Navigating the NCBI Intructions
... c. With the exception of MT, the chromosomes of the human genome are in pairs. X and Y are a pair. Using this information and the information from your answer to Question 9A, how many pairs of chromosomes are in the human genome? 10. The Breast Cancer Susceptibility gene BRCA1 is on chromosome 17 in ...
... c. With the exception of MT, the chromosomes of the human genome are in pairs. X and Y are a pair. Using this information and the information from your answer to Question 9A, how many pairs of chromosomes are in the human genome? 10. The Breast Cancer Susceptibility gene BRCA1 is on chromosome 17 in ...
Determination of obesity associated gene variants related
... all tissues. The expression of TMEM18 in the brain of humans and mice (Almen et al., 2010), particularly in the hypothalamus, has pointed to a function in regulation of homeostasis. Moreover, correlation between prefrontal cortex genetic expression of TMEM18 with body weight in rats has suggested a ...
... all tissues. The expression of TMEM18 in the brain of humans and mice (Almen et al., 2010), particularly in the hypothalamus, has pointed to a function in regulation of homeostasis. Moreover, correlation between prefrontal cortex genetic expression of TMEM18 with body weight in rats has suggested a ...
From bedside to bench: how to analyze a splicing
... there is also a growing list of locus-specific databases that are exclusively focused on particular genes of interest such as CFTR or HPRT [17]. A comprehensive list of specific databases is maintained by the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) and is currently available at www.hgvs.org/dblist/dbl ...
... there is also a growing list of locus-specific databases that are exclusively focused on particular genes of interest such as CFTR or HPRT [17]. A comprehensive list of specific databases is maintained by the Human Genome Variation Society (HGVS) and is currently available at www.hgvs.org/dblist/dbl ...
Recent retrotransposition events have not affected
... New TEs are correlated with, but not causal to, an increase in expression divergence between human and chimpanzee. (However, TEs may still contribute substantially to within-species variation). We do not find evidence for a TE-induced increase in transcript ...
... New TEs are correlated with, but not causal to, an increase in expression divergence between human and chimpanzee. (However, TEs may still contribute substantially to within-species variation). We do not find evidence for a TE-induced increase in transcript ...
Consensus Clustering for Binning Metagenome Sequences
... The average between Euclidean and Cosine distance was used to compare the distance between the centroids of clusters obtained. The closest clusters were grouped together based on a threshold of 0.5. The number of clusters is reduce from 2715 to 122, having a least one cluster for each specie, yieldi ...
... The average between Euclidean and Cosine distance was used to compare the distance between the centroids of clusters obtained. The closest clusters were grouped together based on a threshold of 0.5. The number of clusters is reduce from 2715 to 122, having a least one cluster for each specie, yieldi ...
Genes for Two Mitochondrial Ribosomal Proteins in
... nucp rps13. The rps13 genes still resident in angiosperm mitochondrial genomes (bottom) branched within the larger clade of mitochondrially located rps13 genes. Together, these results clearly indicate that the numit rps13 genes of angiosperms are derived via duplication and substitution from the nu ...
... nucp rps13. The rps13 genes still resident in angiosperm mitochondrial genomes (bottom) branched within the larger clade of mitochondrially located rps13 genes. Together, these results clearly indicate that the numit rps13 genes of angiosperms are derived via duplication and substitution from the nu ...
Mapping of partially overlapping de novo deletions across an autism
... and siblings of affected individuals are 20–30 times more likely to develop an ASD than a member of the general population [reviewed by Sykes and Lamb, 2007]. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that, in the majority of cases, the genetics underlying ASDs are likely to be highly complex invol ...
... and siblings of affected individuals are 20–30 times more likely to develop an ASD than a member of the general population [reviewed by Sykes and Lamb, 2007]. However, it is becoming increasingly clear that, in the majority of cases, the genetics underlying ASDs are likely to be highly complex invol ...
The Ethics of Reproductive Cloning
... ultimately small, due to the large number of embryos that did not survive to term in both control and experimental sets. 19 At the time, it was thought that the donor-cytoplasmic contribution led to the successful outcome of clones that developed into adult mice.20 In 1994, Michelle Sims and Neal Fi ...
... ultimately small, due to the large number of embryos that did not survive to term in both control and experimental sets. 19 At the time, it was thought that the donor-cytoplasmic contribution led to the successful outcome of clones that developed into adult mice.20 In 1994, Michelle Sims and Neal Fi ...
The Drosophila Gene Disruption Project: Progress
... insertions, because some lines disrupting major hotspots appear to have been culled by Exelixis. However, we found many cases where at least two lines bearing identical piggyBac insertion sites had been retained, suggesting that such culling was limited or incomplete. Most of these stocks, as well a ...
... insertions, because some lines disrupting major hotspots appear to have been culled by Exelixis. However, we found many cases where at least two lines bearing identical piggyBac insertion sites had been retained, suggesting that such culling was limited or incomplete. Most of these stocks, as well a ...
Article The Landscape of Realized Homologous
... hot regions exceed 100 kb, spanning many genes. Only Streptococcus pyogenes shows evidence for the positive correlation between GC content and recombination that has been reported for several eukaryotes. Genes with function related to the cell surface/membrane are often found in recombination hot re ...
... hot regions exceed 100 kb, spanning many genes. Only Streptococcus pyogenes shows evidence for the positive correlation between GC content and recombination that has been reported for several eukaryotes. Genes with function related to the cell surface/membrane are often found in recombination hot re ...
MacVector 14.0 Getting Started Guide
... Both multiple and pairwise alignments can be displayed in standard MacVector text tabs. Multiple alignments can be displayed as high quality PDF images that can be exported to other applications. A summary of the similarity scores between each pair of sequences can be displayed in tabular form. A co ...
... Both multiple and pairwise alignments can be displayed in standard MacVector text tabs. Multiple alignments can be displayed as high quality PDF images that can be exported to other applications. A summary of the similarity scores between each pair of sequences can be displayed in tabular form. A co ...
VCS: Tool for Visualizing Copy Number Variation and Single Nucleotide Polymorphism
... and Affymetrix Power Tools [Lockstone, 2011]), it is often difficult to apply them one’s own result. Main features of VCS are as follows. Enrichment genome contents visualization The VCS shows the enrichment genome contents (gene, long interspersed nuclear element [LINE], short interspersed nuclear ...
... and Affymetrix Power Tools [Lockstone, 2011]), it is often difficult to apply them one’s own result. Main features of VCS are as follows. Enrichment genome contents visualization The VCS shows the enrichment genome contents (gene, long interspersed nuclear element [LINE], short interspersed nuclear ...
The landscape of microbial phenotypic traits and associated genes
... Inferring phenotypes from genomes and metagenomes Prokaryotic genome sequences and gene annotations were from NCBI Entrez Genomes, while COG/NOG gene families were from eggNOG 3 (38). We only considered species with available genomes having a quality score ≥ 0.9 in (39). We further complemented infe ...
... Inferring phenotypes from genomes and metagenomes Prokaryotic genome sequences and gene annotations were from NCBI Entrez Genomes, while COG/NOG gene families were from eggNOG 3 (38). We only considered species with available genomes having a quality score ≥ 0.9 in (39). We further complemented infe ...
Vectors: The carriers of DNA molecules DNA vectors and their
... sequences between those sites, are known as replacement vectors. Apparently if too much non-essential DNA is deleted from the genome it cannot be packaged into phage particles efficiently. For both types of vector, the final recombinant genome must be between 39 and 52 kb of the wild type phage geno ...
... sequences between those sites, are known as replacement vectors. Apparently if too much non-essential DNA is deleted from the genome it cannot be packaged into phage particles efficiently. For both types of vector, the final recombinant genome must be between 39 and 52 kb of the wild type phage geno ...
Simplified Insertion of Transgenes Onto Balancer Chromosomes via
... ABSTRACT Balancer chromosomes are critical tools for Drosophila genetics. Many useful transgenes are inserted onto balancers using a random and inefficient process. Here we describe balancer chromosomes that can be directly targeted with transgenes of interest via recombinase-mediated cassette exchan ...
... ABSTRACT Balancer chromosomes are critical tools for Drosophila genetics. Many useful transgenes are inserted onto balancers using a random and inefficient process. Here we describe balancer chromosomes that can be directly targeted with transgenes of interest via recombinase-mediated cassette exchan ...
Chromosomal Clustering of Periodically Expressed Genes
... to determine whether gene clustering exists in the P.falciparum genome, we mapped the periodically expressed genes onto the 14 chromosomes in a stage dependent manner. Table 1 shows the number of clusters on each chromosome of different cluster sizes. A total of 238 clusters containing 2 loci, 55 cl ...
... to determine whether gene clustering exists in the P.falciparum genome, we mapped the periodically expressed genes onto the 14 chromosomes in a stage dependent manner. Table 1 shows the number of clusters on each chromosome of different cluster sizes. A total of 238 clusters containing 2 loci, 55 cl ...
Considerations for Analyzing Targeted NGS Data – HLA
... The DR β-chain is encoded by 4 loci, however only no more than 3 functional loci are present in a single individual, and only a maximum of 2 per chromosome. ...
... The DR β-chain is encoded by 4 loci, however only no more than 3 functional loci are present in a single individual, and only a maximum of 2 per chromosome. ...
Neanderthal-human Hybrids
... Speciation is the process by which new species are formed. If, for example, a species is subdivided into two subpopulations that become geographically separated, then the two groups may accumulate biological differences that reduce hybrid fertility. A clear speciation event between Neanderthals and ...
... Speciation is the process by which new species are formed. If, for example, a species is subdivided into two subpopulations that become geographically separated, then the two groups may accumulate biological differences that reduce hybrid fertility. A clear speciation event between Neanderthals and ...
Chromosome Aberrations
... • Polyploidy – the presence of three or more complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s nucleus • Autopolyploidy – duplication of chromosome sets within a species • Allopolyploidy – combining chromosome sets from different species • Tolerated much more readily in plants • Commercial cotton is the ...
... • Polyploidy – the presence of three or more complete sets of chromosomes in an organism’s nucleus • Autopolyploidy – duplication of chromosome sets within a species • Allopolyploidy – combining chromosome sets from different species • Tolerated much more readily in plants • Commercial cotton is the ...
Genome duplications and accelerated evolution of
... Hox cluster architecture among fishes and, together with genetic mapping data from Medaka, indicate that the third genome duplication was not zebrafish-specific, but probably occurred early in the history of fishes. Each descending fish lineage that has been characterized so far, distinctively modif ...
... Hox cluster architecture among fishes and, together with genetic mapping data from Medaka, indicate that the third genome duplication was not zebrafish-specific, but probably occurred early in the history of fishes. Each descending fish lineage that has been characterized so far, distinctively modif ...
Bioinformatik - Chair of Computational Biology
... FBA does not directly consider regulation or regulatory constraints on the metabolic network. This can be treated separately (see future lecture). ...
... FBA does not directly consider regulation or regulatory constraints on the metabolic network. This can be treated separately (see future lecture). ...
Deciphering the role of DNA methylation in multiple sclerosis
... histone alteration, and micro-RNAs. DNA methylation aims to prevent transcription factors from binding to gene promoter, thus silencing gene expression. This procedure is achieved by DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs), which convert cytosine of CpG islands in gene promoters into 5-methylcytosine. Histo ...
... histone alteration, and micro-RNAs. DNA methylation aims to prevent transcription factors from binding to gene promoter, thus silencing gene expression. This procedure is achieved by DNA methyl transferases (DNMTs), which convert cytosine of CpG islands in gene promoters into 5-methylcytosine. Histo ...
Biology WarmUp: Meiosis Vocabulary Review 1. What does it
... 6. In fruit flies, the gene for star eye and speck wing are on the same chromosome, yet offspring from star-eyed, speckwinged parents often inherit star eyes without the speck wings. How is this possible? Make a diagram to illustrate the process that is responsible for the recombination. ...
... 6. In fruit flies, the gene for star eye and speck wing are on the same chromosome, yet offspring from star-eyed, speckwinged parents often inherit star eyes without the speck wings. How is this possible? Make a diagram to illustrate the process that is responsible for the recombination. ...
- Wiley Online Library
... right time, and with the proper rate. Metazoan developmental genes often possess long stretches of DNA flanking their coding sequences and/or large introns which contain elements that influence gene expression. Most of these regulatory elements are relatively small and can be studied in isolation. F ...
... right time, and with the proper rate. Metazoan developmental genes often possess long stretches of DNA flanking their coding sequences and/or large introns which contain elements that influence gene expression. Most of these regulatory elements are relatively small and can be studied in isolation. F ...
Human genome
The human genome is the complete set of nucleic acid sequence for humans (Homo sapiens), encoded as DNA within the 23 chromosome pairs in cell nuclei and in a small DNA molecule found within individual mitochondria. Human genomes include both protein-coding DNA genes and noncoding DNA. Haploid human genomes, which are contained in germ cells (the egg and sperm gamete cells created in the meiosis phase of sexual reproduction before fertilization creates a zygote) consist of three billion DNA base pairs, while diploid genomes (found in somatic cells) have twice the DNA content. While there are significant differences among the genomes of human individuals (on the order of 0.1%), these are considerably smaller than the differences between humans and their closest living relatives, the chimpanzees (approximately 4%) and bonobos. Humans share 50% of their DNA with bananas.The Human Genome Project produced the first complete sequences of individual human genomes, with the first draft sequence and initial analysis being published on February 12, 2001. The human genome was the first of all vertebrates to be completely sequenced. As of 2012, thousands of human genomes have been completely sequenced, and many more have been mapped at lower levels of resolution. The resulting data are used worldwide in biomedical science, anthropology, forensics and other branches of science. There is a widely held expectation that genomic studies will lead to advances in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases, and to new insights in many fields of biology, including human evolution.Although the sequence of the human genome has been (almost) completely determined by DNA sequencing, it is not yet fully understood. Most (though probably not all) genes have been identified by a combination of high throughput experimental and bioinformatics approaches, yet much work still needs to be done to further elucidate the biological functions of their protein and RNA products. Recent results suggest that most of the vast quantities of noncoding DNA within the genome have associated biochemical activities, including regulation of gene expression, organization of chromosome architecture, and signals controlling epigenetic inheritance.There are an estimated 20,000-25,000 human protein-coding genes. The estimate of the number of human genes has been repeatedly revised down from initial predictions of 100,000 or more as genome sequence quality and gene finding methods have improved, and could continue to drop further. Protein-coding sequences account for only a very small fraction of the genome (approximately 1.5%), and the rest is associated with non-coding RNA molecules, regulatory DNA sequences, LINEs, SINEs, introns, and sequences for which as yet no function has been elucidated.