Structure-Function of the Glucagon Receptor Family of G Protein
... be cloned (Thorens 1992). A 463 amino acid 7 transmembranespanning protein, the GLP-1R exhibits 27% to 40% sequence homology to the receptors for secretin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone. As these receptors shared higher identity with each other than with other members of the G protein–coupled ...
... be cloned (Thorens 1992). A 463 amino acid 7 transmembranespanning protein, the GLP-1R exhibits 27% to 40% sequence homology to the receptors for secretin, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone. As these receptors shared higher identity with each other than with other members of the G protein–coupled ...
167 renal and small intestinal sodium
... Cloned Na+/Pi symporters seem not to belong to a currently described family of membrane-transport proteins, such as the SGLT-1 or Na+/Cl symport families (Wright et al. 1992). Also, no significant overall identity was found with other cloned mammalian and non-mammalian membrane Na+-dependent and Na+ ...
... Cloned Na+/Pi symporters seem not to belong to a currently described family of membrane-transport proteins, such as the SGLT-1 or Na+/Cl symport families (Wright et al. 1992). Also, no significant overall identity was found with other cloned mammalian and non-mammalian membrane Na+-dependent and Na+ ...
Focus Issue on Plastid Biology Update Novel
... (FNR) to NADP+ generating NADPH + H+. By this means the electrons cross a redox potential difference of about 1.13 V in total which is strong enough to fuel all subsequent redox-dependent reactions in the cell. The reducing power delivered from the electron transport chain is distributed to mainly t ...
... (FNR) to NADP+ generating NADPH + H+. By this means the electrons cross a redox potential difference of about 1.13 V in total which is strong enough to fuel all subsequent redox-dependent reactions in the cell. The reducing power delivered from the electron transport chain is distributed to mainly t ...
2nd_lecture
... An important insight into protein structure Many proteins are constructed as a composite of two or more "modules" or domains Each of these is a recognizable domain that can also be found in other proteins Sometimes modules are used repeatedly in the same protein There is a genetic basis for the use ...
... An important insight into protein structure Many proteins are constructed as a composite of two or more "modules" or domains Each of these is a recognizable domain that can also be found in other proteins Sometimes modules are used repeatedly in the same protein There is a genetic basis for the use ...
Optimal codon randomization via mathematical programming
... Two techniques provide additional flexibility in shaping codon bias beyond conventional codon degeneracy. The first is the use of so-called “spiked” or “doped” oligonucleotides, whereby during DNA synthesis, non-equimolar proportions of the four bases are used at some – or all – of the codon's three n ...
... Two techniques provide additional flexibility in shaping codon bias beyond conventional codon degeneracy. The first is the use of so-called “spiked” or “doped” oligonucleotides, whereby during DNA synthesis, non-equimolar proportions of the four bases are used at some – or all – of the codon's three n ...
Provitamin A Accumulation in Cassava (Manihot
... Consequently, genetic transformation was employed to increase provitamin A content in potato tubers (Diretto et al., 2007). Provitamin A carotenoids in cassava (Manihot esculenta) have been increased threefold through conventional breeding; however, the heterozygous nature of the crop renders variet ...
... Consequently, genetic transformation was employed to increase provitamin A content in potato tubers (Diretto et al., 2007). Provitamin A carotenoids in cassava (Manihot esculenta) have been increased threefold through conventional breeding; however, the heterozygous nature of the crop renders variet ...
The acetaminophen metabolite
... High anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) due to accumulation of L-5-oxoproline (pyroglutamic acid) is a rare, serious, biochemical disturbance which has been attributed to treatment with acetaminophen. It develops acutely in patients receiving regular treatment with the drug, generally in therapeut ...
... High anion gap metabolic acidosis (HAGMA) due to accumulation of L-5-oxoproline (pyroglutamic acid) is a rare, serious, biochemical disturbance which has been attributed to treatment with acetaminophen. It develops acutely in patients receiving regular treatment with the drug, generally in therapeut ...
Introduction to Carbohydrates
... The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach, which secretes gastric juice—a unique solution containing hydrochloric acid and the proenzyme, pepsinogen. Hydrochloric acid: Stomach acid is too dilute (pH 2–3) to hydrolyze proteins. The acid functions instead to kill some bacteria and to denatu ...
... The digestion of proteins begins in the stomach, which secretes gastric juice—a unique solution containing hydrochloric acid and the proenzyme, pepsinogen. Hydrochloric acid: Stomach acid is too dilute (pH 2–3) to hydrolyze proteins. The acid functions instead to kill some bacteria and to denatu ...
Part 2
... colour should change. Then the down arrow should that each subunit can exist in at least two conformational states with all appear followed by the four rectangles. Next ligand subunits making the transition from one state to the other simultaneously. should appear in the first rectangle and the colo ...
... colour should change. Then the down arrow should that each subunit can exist in at least two conformational states with all appear followed by the four rectangles. Next ligand subunits making the transition from one state to the other simultaneously. should appear in the first rectangle and the colo ...
The Mouse Prolactin Gene Family Locus
... RT-PCR restriction enzyme analysis of PL-I-related genes. PL-I-related cDNAs were amplified from blastocyst outgrowths or placentas from d 10 of gestation. Amplified products were digested with restriction enzymes capable of differentially cutting PL-I␣, PL-I, and/or PL-I␥. BsaJ1 digests each of th ...
... RT-PCR restriction enzyme analysis of PL-I-related genes. PL-I-related cDNAs were amplified from blastocyst outgrowths or placentas from d 10 of gestation. Amplified products were digested with restriction enzymes capable of differentially cutting PL-I␣, PL-I, and/or PL-I␥. BsaJ1 digests each of th ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the Production of Fermented
... 2. Physiology of Alcohol-Producing S. cerevisiae 2.1. Form and Function of S. cerevisiae Cells S. cerevisiae, the predominant yeast employed in fermented beverage production, is generally ellipsoid in shape with a large diameter of 5–10 µm and a smaller diameter of around 5 µm. All yeasts are unicel ...
... 2. Physiology of Alcohol-Producing S. cerevisiae 2.1. Form and Function of S. cerevisiae Cells S. cerevisiae, the predominant yeast employed in fermented beverage production, is generally ellipsoid in shape with a large diameter of 5–10 µm and a smaller diameter of around 5 µm. All yeasts are unicel ...
Saccharomyces cerevisiae in the Production of Fermented
... 2. Physiology of Alcohol-Producing S. cerevisiae 2.1. Form and Function of S. cerevisiae Cells S. cerevisiae, the predominant yeast employed in fermented beverage production, is generally ellipsoid in shape with a large diameter of 5–10 µm and a smaller diameter of around 5 µm. All yeasts are unicel ...
... 2. Physiology of Alcohol-Producing S. cerevisiae 2.1. Form and Function of S. cerevisiae Cells S. cerevisiae, the predominant yeast employed in fermented beverage production, is generally ellipsoid in shape with a large diameter of 5–10 µm and a smaller diameter of around 5 µm. All yeasts are unicel ...
The Cutting Edge of Affinity Electrophoresis Technology
... (SMME) [22–24]. In this method, fibers of a porous hydrophobic PVDF membrane, used as a supported matrix, are coated with hydrophilic poly (vinyl alcohol), which operates as a separation carrier (Figure 4). Although this method is similar to classical cellulose acetate electrophoresis, it differs in ...
... (SMME) [22–24]. In this method, fibers of a porous hydrophobic PVDF membrane, used as a supported matrix, are coated with hydrophilic poly (vinyl alcohol), which operates as a separation carrier (Figure 4). Although this method is similar to classical cellulose acetate electrophoresis, it differs in ...
Exam_2005 - The University of Sydney
... 5 mg ATP In a healthy cell, the [ATP] is always much less than the [ADP] The total adenine nucleotide pool ([ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]) in cells is about 5 mM ATP can be produced in the mitochondria of liver cells and transported in the blood for use by the muscle At room temperature, a 5 mM solution of ...
... 5 mg ATP In a healthy cell, the [ATP] is always much less than the [ADP] The total adenine nucleotide pool ([ATP] + [ADP] + [AMP]) in cells is about 5 mM ATP can be produced in the mitochondria of liver cells and transported in the blood for use by the muscle At room temperature, a 5 mM solution of ...
Quantitative Analysis of the Kinetics of End
... addition, the binding of ATP or ATPgS to individual ®lament subunits can stimulate NTP hydrolysis in neighboring subunits (Lee & Cox, 1990; Menge & Bryant, 1988). These interactions tend to maintain the entire ®lament in an extended active state. However, the ATP hydrolytic cycles of adjacent monome ...
... addition, the binding of ATP or ATPgS to individual ®lament subunits can stimulate NTP hydrolysis in neighboring subunits (Lee & Cox, 1990; Menge & Bryant, 1988). These interactions tend to maintain the entire ®lament in an extended active state. However, the ATP hydrolytic cycles of adjacent monome ...
Poster
... Cells exist in a state of continuous metabolic flux. The Krebs cycle, a central metabolic hub in the cell, is responsible for supplying precursors for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and compounds required for energy transfer. During periods of increased metabolic flux, metabolites in the ...
... Cells exist in a state of continuous metabolic flux. The Krebs cycle, a central metabolic hub in the cell, is responsible for supplying precursors for the synthesis of amino acids, nucleotides, and compounds required for energy transfer. During periods of increased metabolic flux, metabolites in the ...
An introduction to informatics - Swiss
... UniProt protein database. I wonder if there are any examples of two or more protein entries, which concern exactly the same protein of two or more individuals representing the same species. In other words, I would like to know, if each protein of a given species is represented by exactly one amino a ...
... UniProt protein database. I wonder if there are any examples of two or more protein entries, which concern exactly the same protein of two or more individuals representing the same species. In other words, I would like to know, if each protein of a given species is represented by exactly one amino a ...
informed bodybuilding nutrition
... usefulness in making our own judgements. SRDs are also not allowed to endorse any single nutrition or food product, so we can make no financial gain in this respect, making advice we provide completely unbiased. However, we may name product examples, and if only one product of that type exists on th ...
... usefulness in making our own judgements. SRDs are also not allowed to endorse any single nutrition or food product, so we can make no financial gain in this respect, making advice we provide completely unbiased. However, we may name product examples, and if only one product of that type exists on th ...
enzyme structure
... acid synthase. A small number of RNA-based biological catalysts exist, with the most common being the ribosome; these are referred to as either RNA-enzymes or ribozymes. The activities of enzymes are determined by their three-dimensional structure. However, although structure does determine function ...
... acid synthase. A small number of RNA-based biological catalysts exist, with the most common being the ribosome; these are referred to as either RNA-enzymes or ribozymes. The activities of enzymes are determined by their three-dimensional structure. However, although structure does determine function ...
ARTICLE Functional analysis of mutations in SLC7A9, and genotype
... urinary hyperexcretion of cystine and dibasic amino acids. Mutations in SLC3A1, located on chromosome 2p16.3–21 and encoding the bo,+ transporter-related protein rBAT, cause only Type I cystinuria (2,6). The gene causing non-Type I cystinuria was assigned by linkage to chromosome 19q12–13.1 (7,8), a ...
... urinary hyperexcretion of cystine and dibasic amino acids. Mutations in SLC3A1, located on chromosome 2p16.3–21 and encoding the bo,+ transporter-related protein rBAT, cause only Type I cystinuria (2,6). The gene causing non-Type I cystinuria was assigned by linkage to chromosome 19q12–13.1 (7,8), a ...
Enzyme Mechanisms
... function via a pathway that involves these enzymes In absence of ligand, 2 nearby tyr kinase molecules are separated Upon substrate binding they come together, form a dimer 09/30/08 Biochemistry:Transport; Nucleic Acids ...
... function via a pathway that involves these enzymes In absence of ligand, 2 nearby tyr kinase molecules are separated Upon substrate binding they come together, form a dimer 09/30/08 Biochemistry:Transport; Nucleic Acids ...
Diversity in P-loop Structure of A-ATP Synthase
... alanine mutants of P235 and F236 were generated and their crystal structures were determined to resolutions of 2.38 Å and 2.35 Å, respectively. The structures display novel conformations for the P-loop, which represent the intermediate states in between the fully arched (wild type) and well relaxed ...
... alanine mutants of P235 and F236 were generated and their crystal structures were determined to resolutions of 2.38 Å and 2.35 Å, respectively. The structures display novel conformations for the P-loop, which represent the intermediate states in between the fully arched (wild type) and well relaxed ...
Document
... expression analysis of yellow perch IGF-I revealed a second yellow perch transcript (IGF-Ia) that is 81 nucleotides smaller. Both IGF-Ib and IGFIa had the greatest expression in liver tissue with moderate expression in brain, spleen and kidney tissues of both sexes. These sequences are valuable mole ...
... expression analysis of yellow perch IGF-I revealed a second yellow perch transcript (IGF-Ia) that is 81 nucleotides smaller. Both IGF-Ib and IGFIa had the greatest expression in liver tissue with moderate expression in brain, spleen and kidney tissues of both sexes. These sequences are valuable mole ...
Basic Science for Clinicians
... specialized AMP-binding sites, the ability of AMP to signal energy compromise is greatly enhanced. AMPK is a protein kinase that has taken center stage in metabolic regulation over the last decade. Protein kinases are specialized enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from ATP to amino acids on spec ...
... specialized AMP-binding sites, the ability of AMP to signal energy compromise is greatly enhanced. AMPK is a protein kinase that has taken center stage in metabolic regulation over the last decade. Protein kinases are specialized enzymes that transfer phosphate groups from ATP to amino acids on spec ...
Two-hybrid screening
Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein–DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.The premise behind the test is the activation of downstream reporter gene(s) by the binding of a transcription factor onto an upstream activating sequence (UAS). For two-hybrid screening, the transcription factor is split into two separate fragments, called the binding domain (BD) and activating domain (AD). The BD is the domain responsible for binding to the UAS and the AD is the domain responsible for the activation of transcription. The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay.