The Biochemical Machinery of Plastid Envelope
... affect the processes of replication, segregation, and/or transcription of cpDNA. Another protein, topoisomerase II, which is required for decatenating plastid DNA molecules after division, is also localized in the vicinity of plastid envelope membranes (Marisson and Leech, 1992). Two observations su ...
... affect the processes of replication, segregation, and/or transcription of cpDNA. Another protein, topoisomerase II, which is required for decatenating plastid DNA molecules after division, is also localized in the vicinity of plastid envelope membranes (Marisson and Leech, 1992). Two observations su ...
Examination #2 1) Which of the following is not one of the four major
... D) quaternary E) all of the above Topic: Concept 5.4 Skill: Knowledge 40) The R group or side chain of the amino acid serine is –CH2-OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid alanine is –CH3. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution? A) Serine ...
... D) quaternary E) all of the above Topic: Concept 5.4 Skill: Knowledge 40) The R group or side chain of the amino acid serine is –CH2-OH. The R group or side chain of the amino acid alanine is –CH3. Where would you expect to find these amino acids in a globular protein in aqueous solution? A) Serine ...
Gel Electrophoresis and Amino Acid Analysis of the Nonprotein
... noted from the top of the gel to the bottom of lane 9. There are no major differences between lanes 9 and 10, thus only minor polypeptides were extracted by 0.6M TCA (lane 8), as noted with soybean meal (Fig. 2). Amino acid analyses. The NPN fractions from the two meals were also characterized by am ...
... noted from the top of the gel to the bottom of lane 9. There are no major differences between lanes 9 and 10, thus only minor polypeptides were extracted by 0.6M TCA (lane 8), as noted with soybean meal (Fig. 2). Amino acid analyses. The NPN fractions from the two meals were also characterized by am ...
Gluconeogenesis
... The Cori Cycle operates during exercise, when aerobic metabolism in muscle cannot keep up with energy needs. For a brief burst of ATP utilization, muscle cells utilize ~P stored as phosphocreatine. For more extended exercise, ATP is mainly provided by Glycolysis. ...
... The Cori Cycle operates during exercise, when aerobic metabolism in muscle cannot keep up with energy needs. For a brief burst of ATP utilization, muscle cells utilize ~P stored as phosphocreatine. For more extended exercise, ATP is mainly provided by Glycolysis. ...
THE INFLUENCE OF NUTRITIONAL PHOSPHATE DEPRIVATION ARABIDOPSIS THALIANA
... predicted to function in Pi scavenging, cell wall and ROS metabolism, proteolysis, and pathogen responses. The relationship between mRNA levels and relative amounts of selected secretome proteins was assessed. The results indicate that transcriptional control is but one of many factors contributing ...
... predicted to function in Pi scavenging, cell wall and ROS metabolism, proteolysis, and pathogen responses. The relationship between mRNA levels and relative amounts of selected secretome proteins was assessed. The results indicate that transcriptional control is but one of many factors contributing ...
Transport proteins regulate the flux of metabolites and cofactors
... growth, CTS provides peroxisomal β-oxidation with fatty acids that are hydrolyzed from membrane lipids during lipid turnover (Baker et al., 2006). This process has not only house-keeping function; it plays a crucial role under conditions, when carbon and energy status are low (Kunz et al., 2009; Slo ...
... growth, CTS provides peroxisomal β-oxidation with fatty acids that are hydrolyzed from membrane lipids during lipid turnover (Baker et al., 2006). This process has not only house-keeping function; it plays a crucial role under conditions, when carbon and energy status are low (Kunz et al., 2009; Slo ...
Effects of Molecular Crowding on Binding Affinity of Dihydrofolate to
... DHFR is not only found in mammals, but also in bacteria. One isoform is the R67 DHFR, which is carried by an R-plasmid or resistance plasmid. In comparison to the chromosomal DHFR, R67 has different characteristics. For instance, R67 DHFR has a lower affinity for DHF than the chromosomal form 1. Ad ...
... DHFR is not only found in mammals, but also in bacteria. One isoform is the R67 DHFR, which is carried by an R-plasmid or resistance plasmid. In comparison to the chromosomal DHFR, R67 has different characteristics. For instance, R67 DHFR has a lower affinity for DHF than the chromosomal form 1. Ad ...
RNA 3`-terminal phosphate cyclases and cyclase
... Chakravarty and Shuman [39] extended the known substrate specificity of RtcA even further. They demonstrated that at the slow rate the E. coli RtcA can convert, in a reaction involving an RctA-AMP covalent intermediate, the 5’-phosphates in RNA and DNA into A5’pp5’N structures. This modification opt ...
... Chakravarty and Shuman [39] extended the known substrate specificity of RtcA even further. They demonstrated that at the slow rate the E. coli RtcA can convert, in a reaction involving an RctA-AMP covalent intermediate, the 5’-phosphates in RNA and DNA into A5’pp5’N structures. This modification opt ...
PDF File - Computational Biochemistry Group
... clusters remained elusive [Andrei et al., 2004]. In 2006, the decarboxylase and AE from C. scatologenes were produced in E. coli and characterized [Yu et al., 2006]. EPR spectroscopy corroborated the presence of two [4Fe-4S] clusters in the γ-subunit. These clusters were proposed to be responsible f ...
... clusters remained elusive [Andrei et al., 2004]. In 2006, the decarboxylase and AE from C. scatologenes were produced in E. coli and characterized [Yu et al., 2006]. EPR spectroscopy corroborated the presence of two [4Fe-4S] clusters in the γ-subunit. These clusters were proposed to be responsible f ...
nitrogen fixation and its improvement through genetic engineering
... molecules are hydrolyzed to two MgADP molecules during the association event and a single electron is transferred from the 4Fe-4S cluster of Fe protein to MoFe protein. The oxidized Fe protein ([4Fe-4S]2+) with Mg-ADP bound to it then dissociates from the Mo Fe protein. The release of Fe protein is ...
... molecules are hydrolyzed to two MgADP molecules during the association event and a single electron is transferred from the 4Fe-4S cluster of Fe protein to MoFe protein. The oxidized Fe protein ([4Fe-4S]2+) with Mg-ADP bound to it then dissociates from the Mo Fe protein. The release of Fe protein is ...
Mitochondrial ATP synthase is dispensable in blood
... tion of the P. berghei ATP synthase β subunit, we estimated that the first 240 nucleotides of the gene, which encode an N-terminal extension absent from the ATP synthase β subunit of Escherichia coli (AtpD), likely encoded a mitochondrial-targeting peptide. This sequence was fused to the gene encodi ...
... tion of the P. berghei ATP synthase β subunit, we estimated that the first 240 nucleotides of the gene, which encode an N-terminal extension absent from the ATP synthase β subunit of Escherichia coli (AtpD), likely encoded a mitochondrial-targeting peptide. This sequence was fused to the gene encodi ...
Peroxisomes and peroxisomal disorders: The main facts
... The amount of peroxisomes present in a cell results from different processes that can be divided into (a) peroxisome proliferation by division, (b) peroxisome de novo biogenesis, (c) peroxisome inheritance, and (d) peroxisome degradation by pexophagy, an autophagy-related process. The mechanism that ...
... The amount of peroxisomes present in a cell results from different processes that can be divided into (a) peroxisome proliferation by division, (b) peroxisome de novo biogenesis, (c) peroxisome inheritance, and (d) peroxisome degradation by pexophagy, an autophagy-related process. The mechanism that ...
DESIGNING OF A POTENT ANALOG AGAINST DRUG RESISTANT HIV-1 PROTEASE:... STUDY Research Article
... activity and has a very poor processivity.Due to lack of proofreading activity there is approximately 10 to 100 folds increase in probability of error by the enzyme because of which the virus quickly becomes resistant to drugs. In the work presented herein factors affecting drug stability have been ...
... activity and has a very poor processivity.Due to lack of proofreading activity there is approximately 10 to 100 folds increase in probability of error by the enzyme because of which the virus quickly becomes resistant to drugs. In the work presented herein factors affecting drug stability have been ...
Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in
... the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of pr ...
... the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of pr ...
biosynthesis of fatty acids - Academic Research Collections
... lipids and nucleic acids, grouped under a category called macromolecules, form the basic components that make life possible. In addition to these molecules there are micromolecules like hormones, vitamins and minerals that also play a vital role in the process of life. Among the macromolecules, prot ...
... lipids and nucleic acids, grouped under a category called macromolecules, form the basic components that make life possible. In addition to these molecules there are micromolecules like hormones, vitamins and minerals that also play a vital role in the process of life. Among the macromolecules, prot ...
mitochondrial biogenesis during
... respiratory rate is mainly due to an increase in the level of the respiratory substrates (at least until the nauplius stage) . The amount of protein was roughly equal whether we started from cysts hydrated at 0 ° C or incubated for 6 h at 30 ° C . It should also be noted that the ratio of cytochrome ...
... respiratory rate is mainly due to an increase in the level of the respiratory substrates (at least until the nauplius stage) . The amount of protein was roughly equal whether we started from cysts hydrated at 0 ° C or incubated for 6 h at 30 ° C . It should also be noted that the ratio of cytochrome ...
Susan Viggiano and Michael S. Cosgrove
... suggest different family members are controlled by distinct regulatory mechanisms. For example, although the MLL1 core complex has predominantly mono- and dimethyltransferase activity in vitro (36), a similar complex assembled with MLL3 shows only monomethylation activity (37, 38). Indeed, MLL2/3 co ...
... suggest different family members are controlled by distinct regulatory mechanisms. For example, although the MLL1 core complex has predominantly mono- and dimethyltransferase activity in vitro (36), a similar complex assembled with MLL3 shows only monomethylation activity (37, 38). Indeed, MLL2/3 co ...
Serine racemase: a KEY PLAYER in NEURON activity and in
... parallel -sheet surrounded by three -helices, one located on the solvent side and two at the domains interface. The small and large domains are connected by a flexible hinge region formed by amino acids 69-77, not fully detected in the hSR structure. In the SpSR, the PLP cofactor is bound to Lys56 ...
... parallel -sheet surrounded by three -helices, one located on the solvent side and two at the domains interface. The small and large domains are connected by a flexible hinge region formed by amino acids 69-77, not fully detected in the hSR structure. In the SpSR, the PLP cofactor is bound to Lys56 ...
MS#5_(Cueno and Laude).indd - Philippine Journal of Science
... of the coconut endosperm and, as seen in Figure 1, visible differences in terms of PCR band intensity were observed, we did expect sequence differences even in the 3’UTR. The major sequence difference between DCT1-5mo and DCT1-6mo transcripts is the 52 nt missing from DCT16mo transcripts (Table 1 an ...
... of the coconut endosperm and, as seen in Figure 1, visible differences in terms of PCR band intensity were observed, we did expect sequence differences even in the 3’UTR. The major sequence difference between DCT1-5mo and DCT1-6mo transcripts is the 52 nt missing from DCT16mo transcripts (Table 1 an ...
Chlamydia Exploit the Mammalian Tryptophan-Depletion
... which the Trp content of each protein was expressed as a "p/P ratio", i.e., (Trp content of a given ...
... which the Trp content of each protein was expressed as a "p/P ratio", i.e., (Trp content of a given ...
Isotope Fractionation: Why Aren`t We What We Eat?
... reaction proceeds to completion, the isotopic abundance of the product will be equal to that in the reactant because all of the atoms originally present in the reactant are converted to product and thus any isotope discrimination cannot be expressed as isotope fractionation. If, however, the reactio ...
... reaction proceeds to completion, the isotopic abundance of the product will be equal to that in the reactant because all of the atoms originally present in the reactant are converted to product and thus any isotope discrimination cannot be expressed as isotope fractionation. If, however, the reactio ...
Two-hybrid screening
Two-hybrid screening (also known as yeast two-hybrid system or Y2H) is a molecular biology technique used to discover protein–protein interactions (PPIs) and protein–DNA interactions by testing for physical interactions (such as binding) between two proteins or a single protein and a DNA molecule, respectively.The premise behind the test is the activation of downstream reporter gene(s) by the binding of a transcription factor onto an upstream activating sequence (UAS). For two-hybrid screening, the transcription factor is split into two separate fragments, called the binding domain (BD) and activating domain (AD). The BD is the domain responsible for binding to the UAS and the AD is the domain responsible for the activation of transcription. The Y2H is thus a protein-fragment complementation assay.