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Roles for Regulator of G Protein Signaling Proteins in Synaptic
... Received October 26, 2015; accepted December 10, 2015 ...
... Received October 26, 2015; accepted December 10, 2015 ...
RNA interference screening in Drosophila primary cells for genes
... excellent approach to study muscle development. In particular, studies in the Drosophila embryo have provided many insights into both the differentiation program of the myogenic pathway and myoblast fusion, illustrating the remarkable conservation of many aspects of myogenesis between flies and vert ...
... excellent approach to study muscle development. In particular, studies in the Drosophila embryo have provided many insights into both the differentiation program of the myogenic pathway and myoblast fusion, illustrating the remarkable conservation of many aspects of myogenesis between flies and vert ...
Molecular characterization of carnitinedependent transport of
... somes and mitochondria (Elgersma et al., 1995), is involved in the transport of acetyl-CoA from the peroxisomal matrix to mitochondria. It was therefore anticipated that some of the CDAT mutants would be mutated in the CAT2 gene. In order to identify these mutants, we transformed the 10 CDAT mutants ...
... somes and mitochondria (Elgersma et al., 1995), is involved in the transport of acetyl-CoA from the peroxisomal matrix to mitochondria. It was therefore anticipated that some of the CDAT mutants would be mutated in the CAT2 gene. In order to identify these mutants, we transformed the 10 CDAT mutants ...
Mediator Acts Upstream of the Transcriptional Activator Gal4
... demonstrating that ubiquitin proteasome-dependent degradation of transcription factors plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. The deletion of the gene encoding the F-box protein Mdm30 had been reported to stabilize the transcriptional activator Gal4 under inducing conditions a ...
... demonstrating that ubiquitin proteasome-dependent degradation of transcription factors plays an important role in the regulation of gene expression. The deletion of the gene encoding the F-box protein Mdm30 had been reported to stabilize the transcriptional activator Gal4 under inducing conditions a ...
Synergistic interaction between C5a and NOD2 signaling
... as well as circulating innate immune pathways, such as complement, are activated by pathogens/danger signals, inducing inflammatory responses in response to infection and/or tissue injury. While individual signaling pathways for PRRs and complement are relatively well understood, the complex interac ...
... as well as circulating innate immune pathways, such as complement, are activated by pathogens/danger signals, inducing inflammatory responses in response to infection and/or tissue injury. While individual signaling pathways for PRRs and complement are relatively well understood, the complex interac ...
The Myriad Roles of Anillin during Cytokinesis Alisa J. Piekny1 and
... 2.6 Ect2 In further support for the idea that Anillin regulates or stabilizes RhoA localization, Anillin also interacts with Ect2 (Table 1), an activator of RhoA (A. J. Piekny, unpublished observations). This interaction occurs independently of RhoA and requires the AH domain of Anillin and the PH d ...
... 2.6 Ect2 In further support for the idea that Anillin regulates or stabilizes RhoA localization, Anillin also interacts with Ect2 (Table 1), an activator of RhoA (A. J. Piekny, unpublished observations). This interaction occurs independently of RhoA and requires the AH domain of Anillin and the PH d ...
Structurally related TPR subunits contribute differently to the function
... structure of APC/C is evolutionarily conserved. Only the Apc9 subunit appears to be specific to unicellular yeasts, whereas the Apc7 subunit has so far been identified only in vertebrates (Harper et al., 2002). Despite the essential role of APC/C in regulating mitosis, little is known about the func ...
... structure of APC/C is evolutionarily conserved. Only the Apc9 subunit appears to be specific to unicellular yeasts, whereas the Apc7 subunit has so far been identified only in vertebrates (Harper et al., 2002). Despite the essential role of APC/C in regulating mitosis, little is known about the func ...
Article - Research | www.stowers.org
... for propagating the MF; Hh is produced by the developing neurons and then diffuses more anteriorly (Figure 1A). The two signaling pathways rely on transcriptional regulation of genes downstream of Ci and Mad, respectively (Lum and Beachy, 2004). We show that the cell constriction and mild ingression ...
... for propagating the MF; Hh is produced by the developing neurons and then diffuses more anteriorly (Figure 1A). The two signaling pathways rely on transcriptional regulation of genes downstream of Ci and Mad, respectively (Lum and Beachy, 2004). We show that the cell constriction and mild ingression ...
- University of East Anglia
... Greenberg et al., 2008; Hara et al., 2004), gene expression (Cullinan et al., 2004; Yu et al., 2008), cell signaling (Angers et al., 2006) and cell division (Maerki et al., 2009; Sumara et al., 2007). Many Kelch-like and BTB containing proteins function as adaptor proteins and effect the recruitmen ...
... Greenberg et al., 2008; Hara et al., 2004), gene expression (Cullinan et al., 2004; Yu et al., 2008), cell signaling (Angers et al., 2006) and cell division (Maerki et al., 2009; Sumara et al., 2007). Many Kelch-like and BTB containing proteins function as adaptor proteins and effect the recruitmen ...
Domain organization of human cleavage factor Im 1 Distinct
... and can be reconstituted in vitro from its heterologously expressed 25 kDa and 68!kDa subunits. Binding of CF!Im to the pre-mRNA is one of the earliest steps in the assembly of the cleavage and polyadenylation machinery and facilitates the recruitment of other processing factors. We identified regio ...
... and can be reconstituted in vitro from its heterologously expressed 25 kDa and 68!kDa subunits. Binding of CF!Im to the pre-mRNA is one of the earliest steps in the assembly of the cleavage and polyadenylation machinery and facilitates the recruitment of other processing factors. We identified regio ...
Thesis - u
... elements. PP2s present lectin activity, ability to bind to proteins and RNAs, and they move from cell to cell. Moreover, several evidences suggest that PP2s behave like chaperones, acting on macromolecules trafficking and in long distance signaling. In Arabidopsis two genes, PP2-A1 and PP2-A2, speci ...
... elements. PP2s present lectin activity, ability to bind to proteins and RNAs, and they move from cell to cell. Moreover, several evidences suggest that PP2s behave like chaperones, acting on macromolecules trafficking and in long distance signaling. In Arabidopsis two genes, PP2-A1 and PP2-A2, speci ...
Macrophage-specific gene functions in Spi1
... cells in the posterior LPM differentiate into erythroid cells. The expression of spi1 decreases gradually with only a limited number of spi1-positive cells in the erythromyeloid progenitors (EMPs)19 in the posterior blood island and sometimes over the yolk at 30 hpf.17 SPI1/PU.1 and GATA1 have been ...
... cells in the posterior LPM differentiate into erythroid cells. The expression of spi1 decreases gradually with only a limited number of spi1-positive cells in the erythromyeloid progenitors (EMPs)19 in the posterior blood island and sometimes over the yolk at 30 hpf.17 SPI1/PU.1 and GATA1 have been ...
Signaling from synapse to nucleus: the logic behind the mechanisms Karl Deisseroth
... stream to the distant and apparently slow nucleus. It has now become evident that the nucleus is able to make sense of a surprising amount of fast synaptic information through intricate biochemical mechanisms [3–5]. Furthermore, as we review here, there is now a much clearer understanding of the cru ...
... stream to the distant and apparently slow nucleus. It has now become evident that the nucleus is able to make sense of a surprising amount of fast synaptic information through intricate biochemical mechanisms [3–5]. Furthermore, as we review here, there is now a much clearer understanding of the cru ...
SCUBE3 (Signal Peptide-CUB-EGF Domain
... mouse Scube3 (SCUBE3-shRNAs 1 and 2), respectively. These cells were maintained in normal growth medium for 24 h after transfection and supplemented with puromycin (selection antibiotics). The efficiency and specificity of Scube3 knockdown but not Scube1 and Scube2 in the selected stable pool was co ...
... mouse Scube3 (SCUBE3-shRNAs 1 and 2), respectively. These cells were maintained in normal growth medium for 24 h after transfection and supplemented with puromycin (selection antibiotics). The efficiency and specificity of Scube3 knockdown but not Scube1 and Scube2 in the selected stable pool was co ...
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... Fig. 1. dCAF-1-p105 genetically interacts with the Notch pathway in the eye and wing. (A-E) Genetic interaction of dCAF-1-p105 and the Notch pathway in the eye. Eyes of wild-type adult flies (A) and flies that express dCAF-1-p105IR in a wild-type (B,C) or heterozygous N1 background (D) are classifie ...
... Fig. 1. dCAF-1-p105 genetically interacts with the Notch pathway in the eye and wing. (A-E) Genetic interaction of dCAF-1-p105 and the Notch pathway in the eye. Eyes of wild-type adult flies (A) and flies that express dCAF-1-p105IR in a wild-type (B,C) or heterozygous N1 background (D) are classifie ...
The MHC I immunopeptidome conveys to the cell surface an
... Collectively, these results showed that rapamycin-mediated mTORC1 inhibition perturbed protein synthesis and cell size by differentially inhibiting S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in EL4 cells (Figure 1D). Of direct relevance to our analyses of the MIP landscape, rapamycin treatment did not affect expression levels ...
... Collectively, these results showed that rapamycin-mediated mTORC1 inhibition perturbed protein synthesis and cell size by differentially inhibiting S6K1 and 4E-BP1 in EL4 cells (Figure 1D). Of direct relevance to our analyses of the MIP landscape, rapamycin treatment did not affect expression levels ...
Signaling networks that regulate muscle development: Lessons from
... 2002). Thus, Ntl and Spt are essential together for expression of myogenic genes (Amacher et al. 2002; Goering et al. 2003). Hedgehog signaling in muscle development Hedgehog (Hh) is a secreted signaling protein that acts through at least two proteins, Patched (Ptc) and Smoothened (Smo). Ptc negativ ...
... 2002). Thus, Ntl and Spt are essential together for expression of myogenic genes (Amacher et al. 2002; Goering et al. 2003). Hedgehog signaling in muscle development Hedgehog (Hh) is a secreted signaling protein that acts through at least two proteins, Patched (Ptc) and Smoothened (Smo). Ptc negativ ...
A Novel Plant Kinesin-Related Protein Specifically
... and vesicle transport in the phragmoplast. MT-based kinesin motors are important players in both processes. To understand the mechanisms underlying plant cytokinesis, we have identified AtPAKRP2 (for Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplast-associated kinesin-related protein 2). AtPAKRP2 is an ungrouped N- ...
... and vesicle transport in the phragmoplast. MT-based kinesin motors are important players in both processes. To understand the mechanisms underlying plant cytokinesis, we have identified AtPAKRP2 (for Arabidopsis thaliana phragmoplast-associated kinesin-related protein 2). AtPAKRP2 is an ungrouped N- ...
MINI REVIEW Lectin-like proteins in model organisms: implications
... in the context of many different protein structures. For reasons of space, this survey of potential CRDs in model organisms discussed is restricted to the structural categories shown in Table I. The lectins that contain CRDs listed in the Table I fall broadly in two categories. Lectins that contain ...
... in the context of many different protein structures. For reasons of space, this survey of potential CRDs in model organisms discussed is restricted to the structural categories shown in Table I. The lectins that contain CRDs listed in the Table I fall broadly in two categories. Lectins that contain ...
Subviral-Particle Biogenesis Hepatitis B Virus Small Surface
... ER lumen by signal I in its S domain (15), and during this translocation the N-glycosylation site at asparagine 4 of pre-S2 is modified. Therefore, a double N-glycosylated M version modified at asparagine 4 of pre-S2 and at asparagine 146 in the S domain is indicative of pre-S2 translocation across ...
... ER lumen by signal I in its S domain (15), and during this translocation the N-glycosylation site at asparagine 4 of pre-S2 is modified. Therefore, a double N-glycosylated M version modified at asparagine 4 of pre-S2 and at asparagine 146 in the S domain is indicative of pre-S2 translocation across ...
Optimization of ERK Activity Biosensors for both Ratiometric and
... thus corresponds to an increase of kinase activity and vice versa [10]. The lifetime of the donor fluorophore is also affected by a FRET event and decreases upon kinase activity. The purpose of optimizing such tools directly relies on kinase activity behavior. In fact, in some biological processes, ...
... thus corresponds to an increase of kinase activity and vice versa [10]. The lifetime of the donor fluorophore is also affected by a FRET event and decreases upon kinase activity. The purpose of optimizing such tools directly relies on kinase activity behavior. In fact, in some biological processes, ...
Biogenesis of MalF and the MalFGK Maltose Transport Escherichia coli 2
... gration, folding, and assembly of inner membrane proteins both in association with the Sec translocon and separately (10, 11). Thus far, only a handful of inner membrane proteins that insert via the YidC-only pathway have been identified. All these proteins are small and do not contain a sizable per ...
... gration, folding, and assembly of inner membrane proteins both in association with the Sec translocon and separately (10, 11). Thus far, only a handful of inner membrane proteins that insert via the YidC-only pathway have been identified. All these proteins are small and do not contain a sizable per ...
Roles of F-box Proteins in Plant Hormone Responses
... least 700 putative F-box proteins [16,17]. Characteristics of F-box proteins F-box proteins contain a conserved F-box domain (35− 60 amino acids) in the amino-terminus and different substrate-binding domains in the carboxy-terminus [18]. The F-box domain was first described as a sequence motif found ...
... least 700 putative F-box proteins [16,17]. Characteristics of F-box proteins F-box proteins contain a conserved F-box domain (35− 60 amino acids) in the amino-terminus and different substrate-binding domains in the carboxy-terminus [18]. The F-box domain was first described as a sequence motif found ...
Chapter Five - Building a Fly Eye: Terminal
... Doroquez and Rebay, 2006; also see Chapter 4). The R8 cell arises first, followed by pairwise recruitment of R2/5, R3/4, and R1/6, and ending with R7 recruitment. Next, four nonneuronal CCs (also known as Semper cells) are recruited, and these cells are the last to be added during larval development ...
... Doroquez and Rebay, 2006; also see Chapter 4). The R8 cell arises first, followed by pairwise recruitment of R2/5, R3/4, and R1/6, and ending with R7 recruitment. Next, four nonneuronal CCs (also known as Semper cells) are recruited, and these cells are the last to be added during larval development ...
Mechanisms of Cross Talk between Gibberellin and Other Hormones1
... both are up-regulated in slr1 mutants, even in the absence of GA. How does ABA affect this pathway? The induction of GAMyb and a-amylase by GA is suppressed by an ABA-induced Ser/Thr protein kinase, PKABA1. ABA and PKABA1 inhibited the up-regulation of GAMyb and a-amylase in slr1 mutants as well, su ...
... both are up-regulated in slr1 mutants, even in the absence of GA. How does ABA affect this pathway? The induction of GAMyb and a-amylase by GA is suppressed by an ABA-induced Ser/Thr protein kinase, PKABA1. ABA and PKABA1 inhibited the up-regulation of GAMyb and a-amylase in slr1 mutants as well, su ...
Hedgehog signaling pathway
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The Hedgehog signaling pathway (or signalling pathway; see spelling differences) is a signaling pathway that transmits information to embryonic cells required for proper development. Different parts of the embryo have different concentrations of hedgehog signaling proteins. The pathway also has roles in the adult. Diseases associated with the malfunction of this pathway include basal cell carcinoma.The Hedgehog signaling pathway is one of the key regulators of animal development and is present in all bilaterians. The pathway takes its name from its polypeptide ligand, an intercellular signaling molecule called Hedgehog (Hh) found in fruit flies of the genus Drosophila. Hh is one of Drosophila's segment polarity gene products, involved in establishing the basis of the fly body plan. The molecule remains important during later stages of embryogenesis and metamorphosis.Mammals have three Hedgehog homologues, DHH, IHH, and SHH, of which Sonic (SHH) is the best studied. The pathway is equally important during vertebrate embryonic development. In knockout mice lacking components of the pathway, the brain, skeleton, musculature, gastrointestinal tract and lungs fail to develop correctly. Recent studies point to the role of Hedgehog signaling in regulating adult stem cells involved in maintenance and regeneration of adult tissues. The pathway has also been implicated in the development of some cancers. Drugs that specifically target Hedgehog signaling to fight this disease are being actively developed by a number of pharmaceutical companies.