mammalian hibernation: biochemical adaptation
... oxidative phosphorylation from the electron transport system (ETS). As noted in Chapter 8, some plants do this by maintaining a second ETS that is never linked to ATP synthesis. In mammals, nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) by brown adipose tissue (BAT) uses an uncoupling protein (UCP) located in the ...
... oxidative phosphorylation from the electron transport system (ETS). As noted in Chapter 8, some plants do this by maintaining a second ETS that is never linked to ATP synthesis. In mammals, nonshivering thermogenesis (NST) by brown adipose tissue (BAT) uses an uncoupling protein (UCP) located in the ...
The N Terminus of Bacterial Elongation Factor Tu
... masses matching the ones calculated for EF-Tu. With the exception of the amino acids indicated with a shaded background, EF-Tu is highly conserved with identical amino acids in >90% of the sequences from different bacteria (n > 100 sequences in the database). (C) Activity of EF-Tu and of EF-Tu diges ...
... masses matching the ones calculated for EF-Tu. With the exception of the amino acids indicated with a shaded background, EF-Tu is highly conserved with identical amino acids in >90% of the sequences from different bacteria (n > 100 sequences in the database). (C) Activity of EF-Tu and of EF-Tu diges ...
Engineering Cytosolic Acetyl-CoA Metabolism in Saccharomyces
... interest in developing platform strains of yeast that can be used for production of a whole range of different products. Yeast can efficiently convert the raw material into precursor metabolites, and these precursor metabolites are then further converted into the products of interest. One of these p ...
... interest in developing platform strains of yeast that can be used for production of a whole range of different products. Yeast can efficiently convert the raw material into precursor metabolites, and these precursor metabolites are then further converted into the products of interest. One of these p ...
Zinc, cadmium and lead resistance mechanisms in bacteria
... maintaining the structural stability of macromolecules and it serves as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymes (McCall et al., 2000). Zn2+ also plays a prominent role in gene expression as a structural component in a large number of Zn2+-dependent transcription factors. However, in excess it can inhib ...
... maintaining the structural stability of macromolecules and it serves as a cofactor for more than 300 enzymes (McCall et al., 2000). Zn2+ also plays a prominent role in gene expression as a structural component in a large number of Zn2+-dependent transcription factors. However, in excess it can inhib ...
Isolated Spinach Ribulose-1,5-Bisphosphate
... et al., “Further investigations regarding the role of trimeth yllysine for cytochrome c uptake into mitochondria,” Int. J. Biochem. 23(7,8): 761—768 (1991); DiMaria et al., “Cyto chrome c speci?c methylase from Wheat germ,” Biochem istry 21:1036—1044 (1982); Farooqui et al., “Effect of Methylation o ...
... et al., “Further investigations regarding the role of trimeth yllysine for cytochrome c uptake into mitochondria,” Int. J. Biochem. 23(7,8): 761—768 (1991); DiMaria et al., “Cyto chrome c speci?c methylase from Wheat germ,” Biochem istry 21:1036—1044 (1982); Farooqui et al., “Effect of Methylation o ...
Identification of a Cytoplasm to Vacuole Targeting Determinant in
... 1990). Substantially more information is available regarding the vacuolar localization of API. Genetic studies in our laboratory have isolated a number of mutants that are defective in transporting API to the vacuole (Harding et al., 1995). These cytoplasm to vacuole targeting (cvt) mutants are una ...
... 1990). Substantially more information is available regarding the vacuolar localization of API. Genetic studies in our laboratory have isolated a number of mutants that are defective in transporting API to the vacuole (Harding et al., 1995). These cytoplasm to vacuole targeting (cvt) mutants are una ...
Metabolism of sucrose and its five isomers by
... and fructokinase (FK), but the two enzymes are not expressed above constitutive levels during growth on the isomeric compounds. Extracts of cells grown previously on the sucrose isomers trehalulose α(1 1), turanose α(1 3), maltulose α(1 4), leucrose α(1 5) and palatinose α(1 6) contained high levels ...
... and fructokinase (FK), but the two enzymes are not expressed above constitutive levels during growth on the isomeric compounds. Extracts of cells grown previously on the sucrose isomers trehalulose α(1 1), turanose α(1 3), maltulose α(1 4), leucrose α(1 5) and palatinose α(1 6) contained high levels ...
Document
... vitro determined structure of TTHA1718, thus proving that high-resolution protein structures can indeed be solved inside bacterial cells. Regions of TTHA1718 that differed from the in vitro structure included dynamic loop regions. These differences most likely occurred due to intracellular viscosity ...
... vitro determined structure of TTHA1718, thus proving that high-resolution protein structures can indeed be solved inside bacterial cells. Regions of TTHA1718 that differed from the in vitro structure included dynamic loop regions. These differences most likely occurred due to intracellular viscosity ...
aa-tRNA competition is crucial for the effective translation efficiency
... Despite extensive studies, much details of how translation is controlled by mRNA sequences and cellular environment remain exclusive. Both the number of available free ribosomes and the codon orders are important for translation efficiency, however how various factors combine to determine the transl ...
... Despite extensive studies, much details of how translation is controlled by mRNA sequences and cellular environment remain exclusive. Both the number of available free ribosomes and the codon orders are important for translation efficiency, however how various factors combine to determine the transl ...
Reassignment of the gene encoding the Escherichia coli
... the initiator methionine during its biosynthesis. Both N-terminal and the subsequent internal trypticfragment amino acid sequence indicate that the small subunit is neither encoded by hybA, a gene previously identified as encoding the small subunit [Menon et al. (1994) J. Bacteriol. 176, 441624423], ...
... the initiator methionine during its biosynthesis. Both N-terminal and the subsequent internal trypticfragment amino acid sequence indicate that the small subunit is neither encoded by hybA, a gene previously identified as encoding the small subunit [Menon et al. (1994) J. Bacteriol. 176, 441624423], ...
Photoactivatable GFP tagging cassettes for protein
... To tag ERG6 with PA–GFP, we amplified from pDH3–PA–GFP using F2 and R2 primers (Table 1). We chose 60 nucleotides immediately upstream of the stop codon of ERG6 as the genespecific sequence in the forward F2 primer for homologous integration. The reading frame of the PA–GFP tag was preserved and a l ...
... To tag ERG6 with PA–GFP, we amplified from pDH3–PA–GFP using F2 and R2 primers (Table 1). We chose 60 nucleotides immediately upstream of the stop codon of ERG6 as the genespecific sequence in the forward F2 primer for homologous integration. The reading frame of the PA–GFP tag was preserved and a l ...
Amino acids
... • The precise amino acid content, and the sequence of those amino acids, of a specific protein, is determined by the sequence of the bases in the gene that encodes that protein. • The chemical properties of the amino acids of proteins determine the biological activity of the protein. • Proteins not ...
... • The precise amino acid content, and the sequence of those amino acids, of a specific protein, is determined by the sequence of the bases in the gene that encodes that protein. • The chemical properties of the amino acids of proteins determine the biological activity of the protein. • Proteins not ...
Comparison of transcriptional changes to chloroplast and
... Throughout the life of a plant, the biogenesis and fine-tuning of energy organelles is essential both under normal growth and stress conditions. Communication from organelle to nucleus is essential to adapt gene regulation and protein synthesis specifically to the current needs of the plant. This or ...
... Throughout the life of a plant, the biogenesis and fine-tuning of energy organelles is essential both under normal growth and stress conditions. Communication from organelle to nucleus is essential to adapt gene regulation and protein synthesis specifically to the current needs of the plant. This or ...
Amino acids
... • The precise amino acid content, and the sequence of those amino acids, of a specific protein, is determined by the sequence of the bases in the gene that encodes that protein. • The chemical properties of the amino acids of proteins determine the biological activity of the protein. • Proteins not ...
... • The precise amino acid content, and the sequence of those amino acids, of a specific protein, is determined by the sequence of the bases in the gene that encodes that protein. • The chemical properties of the amino acids of proteins determine the biological activity of the protein. • Proteins not ...
The Majority of Yeast UPF1 Co-localizes with Polyribosomes in the
... Ten milliliter cultures of yeast were grown to mid-log phase (OD600 = 0.4-0.7) in medium to select for the presence of plasmids carrying the UPF1-3EP gene. Next, 1.4 ml of 37% formaldehyde was added and the culture was incubated at 37°C for 5 min with gentle shaking. The culture was then allowed to ...
... Ten milliliter cultures of yeast were grown to mid-log phase (OD600 = 0.4-0.7) in medium to select for the presence of plasmids carrying the UPF1-3EP gene. Next, 1.4 ml of 37% formaldehyde was added and the culture was incubated at 37°C for 5 min with gentle shaking. The culture was then allowed to ...
Membrane Penetration of Cytosolic Phospholipase A2 Is Necessary
... crucial role in maintaining cellular arachidonic acid levels (14). cPLA2 is therefore an attractive target for developing specific inhibitors that can be used as a novel antiinflammatory drugs. cPLA2 binds to membranes in the presence of micromolar Ca2+ via its C2 domain which contains calcium and m ...
... crucial role in maintaining cellular arachidonic acid levels (14). cPLA2 is therefore an attractive target for developing specific inhibitors that can be used as a novel antiinflammatory drugs. cPLA2 binds to membranes in the presence of micromolar Ca2+ via its C2 domain which contains calcium and m ...
document/47414 - UvA-DARE
... dehydrogenation to tiglyl-CoA, hydration to 2methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, dehydrogenation to 2methylacetoacetyl-CoA, and finally, thiolytic cleavage to produce acetyl-CoA plus propionyl-CoA. This fourstep sequence constitutes a complete cycle of fatty acid β-oxidation. It is generally accepted that ...
... dehydrogenation to tiglyl-CoA, hydration to 2methyl-3-hydroxybutyryl-CoA, dehydrogenation to 2methylacetoacetyl-CoA, and finally, thiolytic cleavage to produce acetyl-CoA plus propionyl-CoA. This fourstep sequence constitutes a complete cycle of fatty acid β-oxidation. It is generally accepted that ...
Hereditary spastic paraplegia: clinical features and pathogenetic
... endosomal transport.60 However, this base variant has been recently been reported in control chromosomes (single nucleotide polymorphism rs35077384) and shown to have a minor allele frequency of 1–7%, dependent on the population studied, which would be consistent with this being a rare neutral seque ...
... endosomal transport.60 However, this base variant has been recently been reported in control chromosomes (single nucleotide polymorphism rs35077384) and shown to have a minor allele frequency of 1–7%, dependent on the population studied, which would be consistent with this being a rare neutral seque ...
Characterization of the Enzymatic Component of the ADP
... Certain strains of Clostridium difficile produce the ADP-ribosyltransferase CDT, which is a binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxin. The toxin consists of the binding component CDTb, which mediates receptor binding and cellular uptake, and the enzyme component CDTa. Here we studied the enzyme component ...
... Certain strains of Clostridium difficile produce the ADP-ribosyltransferase CDT, which is a binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxin. The toxin consists of the binding component CDTb, which mediates receptor binding and cellular uptake, and the enzyme component CDTa. Here we studied the enzyme component ...
Crystallization and X Ray Diffraction Data Analyses of the Enzyme
... (TcUH) three-dimensional structure by X ray crystallography will aggregate valuable information per se, such as the better understanding of the enzyme at molecular level and its catalytic mechanism, which should also be compared to homologous proteins. This information, added to further molecular bi ...
... (TcUH) three-dimensional structure by X ray crystallography will aggregate valuable information per se, such as the better understanding of the enzyme at molecular level and its catalytic mechanism, which should also be compared to homologous proteins. This information, added to further molecular bi ...
A Molecular Switch for Targeting between Endoplasmic Reticulum
... exon 4 (in DAKAP1b and 1d), and the third has exon 3 in front larger band, reflecting initiation from at least two positions (Fig. of exon 4 (in S-AKAP84, AK132749 and AKAP121). Exon 3 in 2C). It was unclear from these experiments whether multiple AK132749 is 12 nucleotides shorter than AKAP121, pro ...
... exon 4 (in DAKAP1b and 1d), and the third has exon 3 in front larger band, reflecting initiation from at least two positions (Fig. of exon 4 (in S-AKAP84, AK132749 and AKAP121). Exon 3 in 2C). It was unclear from these experiments whether multiple AK132749 is 12 nucleotides shorter than AKAP121, pro ...
Differential effects of psychostimulants and related
... in vitro, had little or no acute effect on associated transporter function in synaptosomes prepared from treated rats. These data indicate that the capacity of a compound to alter dopamine uptake in vitro does not necessarily predict its potential to modulate dopamine transporter after injection in ...
... in vitro, had little or no acute effect on associated transporter function in synaptosomes prepared from treated rats. These data indicate that the capacity of a compound to alter dopamine uptake in vitro does not necessarily predict its potential to modulate dopamine transporter after injection in ...