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Year Grouos in one document
Year Grouos in one document

... if the plural already ends in –s, but is added if the plural does not end in –s (i.e. is an irregular plural – e.g. children’s). If the last syllable of a word is stressed and ends with one consonant letter which has just one vowel letter before it, the final consonant letter is doubled before any e ...
van Gelderen 2009
van Gelderen 2009

... If the complementiser that in (8) is in the Force head, the topic is below it. However, sentences with whether as complementiser preceding or following a topic, as in the made-up (9), are judged very marked by native speakers (and a Google search did not find any): (9) a. ?I wonder whether those book ...
ELL Stage III: Grades 3-5
ELL Stage III: Grades 3-5

... and non-count nouns (with definite and indefinite articles, and/or quantifiers, as appropriate). (e.g., May I have a bottle of water? – “a bottle of water”). ...
Topics in Corpus-Based Dutch Syntax Beek, Leonoor Johanneke
Topics in Corpus-Based Dutch Syntax Beek, Leonoor Johanneke

... The issue of constituent ordering has been discussed extensively in the linguistic literature. This section does not aim to be an exhaustive discussion of the complete literature on this topic, but merely an overview of various approaches with some pointers to work within that approach. One approach ...
An analysis of the Yoruba language with english
An analysis of the Yoruba language with english

... charts. In English and Yoruba the stops are produced the same way. For some consonants, the air from the lungs is completely stopped from going out but this is only for a brief moment. There has been a debate about Yoruba having the palatal stop [ʄ] in its phonetics. This sound is similar and can be ...
Grammar and Punctuation, Grade 6
Grammar and Punctuation, Grade 6

... Members of the Community Service Club visit elderly people who live alone. ...
ADJECTIVES and ADVERBS (2)
ADJECTIVES and ADVERBS (2)

... adj., e.g. certain, definite, sheer, complete, slight b) central – e.g. hungry, ugly, funny, stupid, silent, rich, empty c) postcentral – participles – e.g. retired, sleeping, + colours d) prehead – denominal adjectives denoting nationality, ethnic background (Austrian), and denominal adjectives wit ...
persian for beginners
persian for beginners

... release, produced further back in the mouth than the k in kitten. The k in kitten has a somewhat aspirated or a y-glide release and, of course, it is produced further forward in the mouth than the k in cool. These features of the English k are shared by all English words in which the k sound precede ...
verbal prefixes and suffixes in nominalization - FRITT
verbal prefixes and suffixes in nominalization - FRITT

... nominalization possible, since in the first case it would require to nominalize a stem containing more than the -yva- projection, namely, the projection of the perfectivizing prefix attached above -yva-. This constraint on the order of attachment is the only strict one. Other restrictions are irregu ...
finding clauses in unrestricted text by finitary and stochastic methods
finding clauses in unrestricted text by finitary and stochastic methods

... tonal minor phrase boundaries are identified on the basis of commas, and tonal major phrase boundaries ate identified on the basis of periods. Finding more tonal minor phrase boundaries by using syntactic structure, in addition to punctuation, is the problem we are trying to address with the methods ...
Reflexivity and Intensification in Middle English
Reflexivity and Intensification in Middle English

... disjoint reference; a sentence like Judasi hinei,j aheng is therefore ambiguous between two interpretations: Judas might have hanged himself or somebody else9. Mitchell (1985: 187ff.) classifies OE SELF as ‘pronoun/adjective’ and further categorizes it as an ‘indefinite’ belonging to the subgroup of ...
double case constructions in Koine Greek - Journal of Greco
double case constructions in Koine Greek - Journal of Greco

... In (24), au0tou= serves as the genitive direct object of h0kou/samen, while the participle le/gontoj serves as a genitive complement in an object–complement double genitive construction. In (25), the noun phrase tou= o1xlou serves as the genitive direct object of h1kousan, while the participle goggu ...
A Grammar of Tapiete (Tupi
A Grammar of Tapiete (Tupi

... This dissertation provides a linguistic description of Tapiete, a Tupi-Guarani (TG) language spoken in Argentina, Bolivia and Paraguay. Fieldwork has been conducted in Argentina, where about 80 Tapiete families are settled in “Misión Los Tapietes”, Tartagal, province of Salta, northern Argentina. Th ...
2 The Dative Case
2 The Dative Case

... As the last few batches of examples show, English translations often don’t have any equivalent for si, since it is obvious that the recipient is also the subject, and si isn’t really required for Czech, either, much of the time, but that doesn’t stop the Czechs from peppering their sentences with th ...
Toward an Aposynthesis of Topic Continuity and
Toward an Aposynthesis of Topic Continuity and

... which inter- and intrasentential anaphora are not subject to the same mechanism. We argue that the shortcomings of the proposed algorithms are due to confounding two distinct processes, namely, topic continuity and the internal structure of the sentence.4 We conclude that intersentential anaphora is ...
Verb-Initial Clauses in Ancient Greek Prose
Verb-Initial Clauses in Ancient Greek Prose

... is to say, ‘This same construction is used in sentence Y, where there is no doubt as to its meaning; we can therefore assume the same meaning in sentence X unless there is specific evidence to the contrary.’ This difficulty is not at all peculiar to the study of information structure, though it is e ...
The compound verbal modal predicate
The compound verbal modal predicate

... Grammar, whose subject matter is the observable organisation of words into various combinations, takes that which is common and basic in linguistic forms and gives in an orderly way accurate descriptions of the practice to which users of the language conform. And with this comes the realisation that ...
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch
Simplex and complex reflexives in French and Dutch

... linguistics. Liliane’s uncommon intellectual breadth, her perspicuousness, and her critical curiosity for all linguistic perspectives have been an example and an inspiration for us. We hope that this article may show how much we have learnt from her. ...
Class Breakdown by Goal: DesCartes
Class Breakdown by Goal: DesCartes

... when ending punctuation is present • Classifies sentences as telling you what to do (imperative sentences, term not used) based on word order and content • Classifies sentences as telling about more than one idea (compound sentence, term not used) • Combines sentences to improve clarity by using a c ...
Pronoun Production: Word or World Knowledge?
Pronoun Production: Word or World Knowledge?

... However, it turns out that distributivity does affect number agreement in languages other than English (e.g., Vigliocco, Butterworth and Garrett 1996), and sometimes even in English (Eberhard 1999). Notional involvement has also been found in processes of grammatical gender agreement. In a series of ...
Junior Skill Builders: Grammar in 15 Minutes a Day
Junior Skill Builders: Grammar in 15 Minutes a Day

... ENGLISH IS A very complex language, but luckily there is a “users’ manual” dedicated to the rules of English, referred to as grammar and usage. This is a huge set of guidelines that helps clarify the multifaceted, dynamic parts of our language (maybe you have studied many of them already at school). ...
english grammar - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
english grammar - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft

... The organization of the article is as follows. Section 2 discusses S.’s theory of the relations between aspectual and temporal structure in Russian and formulates our criticism. Section 3.1. outlines the architecture of the Tense/Aspect system in Russian. In section 3.2., we will distinguish between ...
The national curriculum in England
The national curriculum in England

... between words, how to understand nuances in meaning, and how to develop their understanding of, and ability to use, figurative language. Pupils should be taught to control their speaking and writing consciously, understand why sentences are constructed as they are and to use Standard English. They s ...
Perfect Readings in Russian - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft
Perfect Readings in Russian - Seminar für Sprachwissenschaft

... The organization of the article is as follows. Section 2 discusses S.’s theory of the relations between aspectual and temporal structure in Russian and formulates our criticism. Section 3.1. outlines the architecture of the Tense/Aspect system in Russian. In section 3.2., we will distinguish between ...
articles basque resultatives and related issues
articles basque resultatives and related issues

... with respect to agreement. So instead of ogia “the bread” we will use sagarrak “apples”. Since the plural morpheme -k is a homonym of the ergative marker -k, for the purpose of clarification a capital -K will be used for the plural marker. If we apply that to the transitive perfect (8), we receive ( ...
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Old English grammar

The grammar of Old English is quite different from that of Modern English, predominantly by being much more inflected. As an old Germanic language, Old English has a morphological system that is similar to that of the hypothetical Proto-Germanic reconstruction, retaining many of the inflections thought to have been common in Proto-Indo-European and also including characteristically Germanic constructions such as the umlaut.Among living languages, Old English morphology most closely resembles that of modern Icelandic, which is among the most conservative of the Germanic languages; to a lesser extent, the Old English inflectional system is similar to that of modern High German.Nouns, pronouns, adjectives and determiners were fully inflected with five grammatical cases (nominative, accusative, genitive, dative, and instrumental), two grammatical numbers (singular and plural) and three grammatical genders (masculine, feminine, and neuter). First- and second-person personal pronouns also had dual forms for referring to groups of two people, in addition to the usual singular and plural forms.The instrumental case was somewhat rare and occurred only in the masculine and neuter singular; it could typically be replaced by the dative. Adjectives, pronouns and (sometimes) participles agreed with their antecedent nouns in case, number and gender. Finite verbs agreed with their subject in person and number.Nouns came in numerous declensions (with deep parallels in Latin, Ancient Greek and Sanskrit). Verbs came in nine main conjugations (seven strong and two weak), each with numerous subtypes, as well as a few additional smaller conjugations and a handful of irregular verbs. The main difference from other ancient Indo-European languages, such as Latin, is that verbs can be conjugated in only two tenses (vs. the six ""tenses"" – really tense/aspect combinations – of Latin), and have no synthetic passive voice (although it did still exist in Gothic).The grammatical gender of a given noun does not necessarily correspond to its natural gender, even for nouns referring to people. For example, sēo sunne (the Sun) was feminine, se mōna (the Moon) was masculine, and þæt wīf ""the woman/wife"" was neuter. (Compare modern German die Sonne, der Mond, das Weib.) Pronominal usage could reflect either natural or grammatical gender, when it conflicted.
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