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Profile Documents Logout
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paper
paper

... Use the optical layer to provide recovery. Our routing is well suited to packet-switched traffic, but does not rely on a specific protocol such as IP or ATM. Instead, our access scheme operates below such protocols. Recovery is performed at the optical layer, in a manner which is robust, simple and ...
How the Internet works
How the Internet works

... protocol stacks • layered architecture each layer is an abstraction that assumes the functionality of the layer underneath files unencrypted streams buffers packets frames bytes bits drivers, network card ...
Collection, Dissemination, and Management
Collection, Dissemination, and Management

... Other Client Applications ...
BT`s Plan for its new generation IP based network
BT`s Plan for its new generation IP based network

... The material in this presentation represents current general technical thinking on how a converged IP network could be implemented. It does not necessarily represent BT's plans. The details of BT's 21st century network are still in the process of development and the subject of consultation. ...
Graph Algorithms
Graph Algorithms

... - Each node j periodically sends its distance vector to its immediate neighbors. - Every neighbor i of j, after receiving the broadcasts from its neighbors, updates its distance vector as follows: ∀k ≠ i: D[i,k] = minj(w[i,j] + D[j,k] ) Used in RIP, IGRP etc ...
Name: Leo Mendoza WAN (used to be slow, noisy)
Name: Leo Mendoza WAN (used to be slow, noisy)

Week 7 notes
Week 7 notes

... - Each node j periodically sends its distance vector to its immediate neighbors. - Every neighbor i of j, after receiving the broadcasts from its neighbors, updates its distance vector as follows: ∀k ≠ i: D[i,k] = minj(w[i,j] + D[j,k] ) Used in RIP, IGRP etc ...
PCEP Requirement for Impairment
PCEP Requirement for Impairment

... request then a BER limit MUST be furnished in the reoptimization request. Otherwise, furnishing a BER limit is optional. In the case where a valid path is not found, the PCRep Message MUST include why the path is not found (e.g., no route, wavelength not found, BER failure, etc.) 76th IETF – Hiroshi ...
CAN1102-2009-10-S1-exampaper
CAN1102-2009-10-S1-exampaper

... The IEEE 802 series of standards describe both the Physical and Data Link layers of their respective technologies. Two important standards are 802.3 and 802.5, respectively known as CSMA/CD (Ethernet) and Token Ring. i. Explain how CSMA/CD operates and describe how Ethernet deals with ...
ALO-Ethernet Basics 04 - Lingua-Nova
ALO-Ethernet Basics 04 - Lingua-Nova

Security & Efficiency in Ad-Hoc Routing Protocol with emphasis on
Security & Efficiency in Ad-Hoc Routing Protocol with emphasis on

... infinity and flags the sequence number so it would not be used again. Receiver of SEAD message validates or authenticates the sender. Uses the sequence number to authenticate each entry in the update Use hash values that corresponds to the sequence number. ...
View File - UET Taxila
View File - UET Taxila

... Addresses: 6 bytes, frame is received by all adapters on a LAN and dropped if address does not match ...
ppt
ppt

...  Collision between senders can still occur! ...
Blue Gene/L system architecture
Blue Gene/L system architecture

... • Subnet manager (SM): discovering, configuring, activating and managing the subnet • A subnet management agent (SMA) in every device generates, responses to control packets (subnet management packets (SMPs)), and configures local components for subnet management • SM exchange control packets with S ...
II. The Let and Live Strategy
II. The Let and Live Strategy

... to forward the data of other nodes at its own expenses. If every element would treat others this way, the network would not work. On the other hand, every node needs to communicate. That is why it became part of the network. As MANETs are decentralized, in order to keep the network working, some nod ...
The expected length of a shortest path
The expected length of a shortest path

Click to add title
Click to add title

... • Short off-line calculation times for fully converting networks • Results are depending on demands routing • Only some improvement by non-simple cycles Outlook: • Partial wavelength conversion • Multiple failures ...
Slides - Duke Computer Science
Slides - Duke Computer Science

... Indirect Control Creates Subtle Dependencies • Example: – Policy #1: use C as egress point for traffic from AS X – Policy #2: enable ECMP for A-C flow ...
ppt
ppt

Why MPLS multicast?
Why MPLS multicast?

... break capabilities. ...
SkipNet: A Scalable Overlay Network with Practical Locality Properties
SkipNet: A Scalable Overlay Network with Practical Locality Properties

... Locality Properties of SkipNet  Content and routing path locality  Content locality: Incorporating a node’s name ID into ...
Layer One Networking
Layer One Networking

... Application layer Presentation layer Session layer Transport layer Network layer Data link layer Physical layer ...
Introduction
Introduction

...  Links: coax cable, optical fiber, twist pairs, wireless links…  point-to-point ...
slides - Disco Lab
slides - Disco Lab

... • Problem: How to consistently decide on what key the new node specializes in? – Needs to be consensus decision – else denial attacks ...
Lecture02
Lecture02

...  reliable delivery between adjacent nodes  seldom used on low bit-error link (fiber, some twisted pair)  wireless links: high error rates • Q: why both link-level and end-end reliability? ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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