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Objectives Data Link Layer Data Link Layer Protocols Data Link
Objectives Data Link Layer Data Link Layer Protocols Data Link

... ƒ A logical topology is the way a network transfers frames from one node to the next. ...
PPT - Computer Science at Rutgers
PPT - Computer Science at Rutgers

... A graph of nodes and edges, Node 0, called the origin, For each non-zero node, a set or permitted paths to the origin. This set always contains the “null path”. A ranking of permitted paths at each node. Null path is always ...
IP_2
IP_2

... Router only knows routes to attached LANs Default router used to “go up” Route multicast address: 224.0.0.0 Loopback interface (for debugging) ...
Switches
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...  Higher-layer switches may also be called routing switches or application switches ...
answers - Princeton CS
answers - Princeton CS

... e. Strict priority scheduling can lead to one flow consuming the entire output rate of a router link. f. Fair queuing protocols try to ensure that each flow (or class of flows) gets to send an equal number of packets. 5. Which of the following are true: a. An application calling recv on a TCP socket ...
Network layer (IP)
Network layer (IP)

... order bits)  host part (low order bits)  What’s a subnet ?  device interfaces with same subnet part of IP address  can physically reach each other without intervening router ...
Automating Network Monitoring on Experimental Network Testbeds Michael Golightly, Jack Brassil
Automating Network Monitoring on Experimental Network Testbeds Michael Golightly, Jack Brassil

... − Aids experiment ‘traffic engineering’ ...
Internet Routing Availability
Internet Routing Availability

... Not-via Addresses • Connectionless version of MPLS Fast Reroute ...
QoS Issues in BcN
QoS Issues in BcN

... the entire internetwork.  The leaf routers transmit prune messages back toward the source if there are no group members on their directly attached leaf subnetworks.  Periodically the prune state times out, and the next datagram for the (source, group) pair is forwarded across the entire internetwo ...
networks
networks

... Describe layer-2 bridging. Describe the bridging table and forwarding/learning algorithm. Explain why a spanning tree is needed. Give the three names used for a bridge and describe how each name is appropriate. Layer-2 bridging serves as a MAC level filter between LANs with like MACs. The bridging t ...
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Document

... itself to all other routers (nodes) in the network 2 Issues • How does a router build the complete topology of the network? • How does a router compute the shortest path to all other nodes in the network using this topology information? – Dijkstra’s Shortest Path Algorithm ...
山东建筑大学试卷 共 4页 第 1 页 至 学年 第 1 学期 课程名称 计算机
山东建筑大学试卷 共 4页 第 1 页 至 学年 第 1 学期 课程名称 计算机

... 11、Two basic approaches toward pipelined error recovery can be identified: _______________and ____________. And in _______ protocol, the receiver discards out-of-order-packets. . 12、There are two fundamental approaches to building a network core: _____ switching and _____ switching. And in ____ swit ...
arXiv:1701.00642v1 [cs.AI] 3 Jan 2017
arXiv:1701.00642v1 [cs.AI] 3 Jan 2017

... information (e.g., expected travel duration), with the advent of intelligent transportation systems that provide real-time and historical traffic data, it becomes possible to design route planning approaches that take into account the stochastic and time-dependent nature of traffic condition. Indeed ...
24 FE + 4 GE Combo SFP L2 SNMP Switch
24 FE + 4 GE Combo SFP L2 SNMP Switch

... centralized control of the switch and avoids unauthorized users from altering the configuration. Comprehensive QoS LevelOne FGL-2870 offers 4 egress queues per port, which enables differentiated management of up to 4 traffic types. Traffic is prioritized according to 802.1p and DSCP, giving optimal ...
Protcols for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Networks
Protcols for Highly-Dynamic Airborne Networks

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IEEE 802.15.3 - Computer and Information Science and Engineering
IEEE 802.15.3 - Computer and Information Science and Engineering

... access of data frames: avoid collisions of long data frames sender first transmits small request-to-send (RTS) packets to BS using CSMA RTS may still collide with each other (but they’re short) BS broadcasts clear-to-send (CTS) in response to RTS RTS heard by all nodes ...
Multicast - s3.amazonaws.com
Multicast - s3.amazonaws.com

... o anyone can “join” (receive) multicast group o anyone can send to multicast group o no network-layer identification to hosts of members  needed: infrastructure to deliver mcast-addressed datagrams to all hosts that have joined that multicast group Network Layer ...
Seaweb - WUWNet
Seaweb - WUWNet

... Stable COTS hardware COTS & Navy firmware 8X less expensive 40X more efficient ...
internetworking ii
internetworking ii

... What is the difference between actual and useable subnets? Actual subnets is how many total subnets are created by borrowing bits. Useable are the actual subnets less 2. The reason for this is that you can’t use the whole first subnet (it’s reserved for the network address) or the last subnet (it’s ...
PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Certification
PC Maintenance: Preparing for A+ Certification

... Client/Server: Network that contains both clients and servers ...
Local Area Networking. - University of South Wales
Local Area Networking. - University of South Wales

... • After 1st collision each participating station waits randomly 0 or 1 slot • After 2nd collision each participating station waits 0,1,2, or 3 slots ...
CS335 Sample Questions for Exam #2
CS335 Sample Questions for Exam #2

... fragmented (divided into smaller packets). 5.) If a datagram is fragmented on the first hop on route to its destination, will the destination host necessarily know that the packet was fragmented? Answer: Yes, because the packet will remain fragmented until it arrives at the final destination. 6.) Is ...
Document
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... Olle Haegstroem (2002) Finite Markov Chains and Algorithmic Applications, Cambridge University Press Lyngsø R, Y.S.Song and J.J.Hein (2008) “Accurate Computation of Likelihoods in the Coalescent with Recombination via Parsimony “ In press Recomb ...
3rd Edition: Chapter 4 - Southern Adventist University
3rd Edition: Chapter 4 - Southern Adventist University

... group members  no need to forward datagrams down subtree  “prune” msgs sent upstream by router with no downstream group members LEGEND ...
Chapter 4 Review Questions
Chapter 4 Review Questions

... 17. The 8-bit protocol field in the IP datagram contains information about which transport layer protocol the destination host should pass the segment to. 18. Typically the wireless router includes a DHCP server. DHCP is used to assign IP addresses to the 5 PCs and to the router interface. Yes, the ...
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IEEE 802.1aq

Shortest Path Bridging (SPB), specified in the IEEE 802.1aq standard, is a computer networking technology intended to simplify the creation and configuration of networks, while enabling multipath routing.For non-experts, or non-technical readers SPB is an IEEE standard that combines many functions of routing, bridging, load balancing (link aggregration, multi-chassis link aggregation, equal-cost multi-path routing, network virtualization) and tunneling (virtual routing and forwarding, stealth networks, layer-2 virtual service networks (L2VSN), and layer-3 virtual service networks (L3VSN)) into a single easy to configure protocol, which can yield a variety of benefits such as better fault tolerance, increased bandwidth, and improved security.Shortest Path Bridging is the replacement for the older spanning tree protocols (STP) (spanning tree protocol IEEE 802.1D, rapid spanning tree protocol (RSTP) IEEE 802.1w, multiple spanning tree protocol (MSTP) IEEE 802.1s) that permitted only a single path toward the root bridge and blocked any redundant paths that could result in a layer 2 loop. SPB allows all paths to be active with multiple equal cost paths, and provides much larger layer 2 topologies (up to 16 million compared to the traditional virtual local area network (VLAN) limit of 4,096 specified in the IEEE standard 802.1Q). It also supports faster convergence times, and improves the efficiency of the mesh topologies through increased bandwidth and redundancy between all devices, allowing traffic to load share across all paths of a mesh network. To enhance resiliency in the access layer SPB can also be integrated with link aggregation functions, such as standards-based link aggregation (IEEE 802.1AX) and proprietary multi-chassis link aggregation (MC-LAG) implementations.The technology provides logical Ethernet networks on native Ethernet infrastructures using a link state protocol to advertise both topology and logical network membership. Packets are encapsulated at the edge either in media access control-in-media access control (MAC-in-MAC) 802.1ah or tagged 802.1Q/802.1ad frames and transported only to other members of the logical network. Unicast, multicast, and broadcast are supported and all routing is on a symmetric shortest paths.The control plane is based on the Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS), leveraging a small number of extensions defined in Request for Comments(RFC) 6329.
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