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IP Packet Switching
IP Packet Switching

... Other Main Driving Goals (In Order) • Communication should continue despite failures – Survive equipment failure or physical attack – Traffic between two hosts continue on another path ...
3-1-3_Scalable
3-1-3_Scalable

Multiple Directional Antennas in Suburban Ad
Multiple Directional Antennas in Suburban Ad

... Adjacent nodes have been separated by 350 metres UDP packets have been used to avoid additional delays for hand shaking and end-to-end acknowledgements in TCP Loads at the sources have been changed from 10% to 85% to get the critical point beyond which performance remains unchanged A node operating ...
Slides - Sigmobile
Slides - Sigmobile

Figure 2-1
Figure 2-1

presentation2
presentation2

... – data from the upper layers (ie the network layer) is converted by the data link layer into frames – groups raw data bits received via the physical layer into frames, for passing on to the upper layers – may include an error recovery mechanism and also a flow control mechanism, although this may be ...
Network
Network

Ubiquitous IT Europe Forum 2008
Ubiquitous IT Europe Forum 2008

... Similar to the WSN(Wireless Senor Network) WSN(from Wikipedia) : A wireless network consisting of spatially distributed autonomous devices using sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration, pressure, motion or pollutants, at different ...
Dia 1
Dia 1

... hardware, software and composite components predefined component categories • execution platform components ...
Peer-to-Peer Networking
Peer-to-Peer Networking

... Client: Process wishing to access data, use resources or perform operations on a different computer Server: Process managing data and all other shared resources amongst servers and clients, allows clients access to resource and performs computation Interaction: invocation / result message pairs ...
Algorithmic Mechanism Design
Algorithmic Mechanism Design

... if there is a node v such with distance ≥3 from x in G(S), then add edge (x,v) to Si (this decreases the cost) Finally, every node has distance either 1 or 2 from x Let U be the set of nodes at distance 1 from x… ...
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)
IOSR Journal of Computer Engineering (IOSR-JCE)

Use of Topologies in Network Architecture
Use of Topologies in Network Architecture

... works as mediator between upper layer and lower layer. The highest most layer is known as Core layer, and is central point of the network, i.e. root of the tree from which all nodes fork. All neighboring hosts have point-topoint connection between them. Like bus topology, if the root goes down, the ...
Chapter5-LANs - ECE Users Pages
Chapter5-LANs - ECE Users Pages

... we learned how to do this already (chapter 3)! seldom used on low bit error link (fiber, some twisted pair) wireless links: high error rates • Q: why both link-level and end-end reliability? 5: DataLink Layer ...
Use Cases - Icsd e
Use Cases - Icsd e

... the network (e.g., WLAN Access Point) ...
Wireless and Mobile System Infrastructure
Wireless and Mobile System Infrastructure

... For each router that forwards the packet, the hop limit is decremented by 1. When the hop limit field reaches zero, the packet is discarded. This replaces the TTL field in the IPv4 header that was originally intended to be used as a time based hop limit. ...
Internet Protocol
Internet Protocol

... For each router that forwards the packet, the hop limit is decremented by 1. When the hop limit field reaches zero, the packet is discarded. This replaces the TTL field in the IPv4 header that was originally intended to be used as a time based hop limit. ...
File - Shashank Srivastava
File - Shashank Srivastava

... These changes actually opened the road to the evolution of the Ethernet to become compatible with other high-data-rate LANs. ...
GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks
GPSR: Greedy Perimeter Stateless Routing for Wireless Networks

... entity in the backbone inter-domain routing protocol. This hierarchy is based on well-defined and rarely changing administrative and topological boundaries. It is therefore not easily applicable to freely moving adhoc wireless networks, where topology has no welldefined Autonomous System boundaries, ...
Network+ Guide to Networks 6th Edition
Network+ Guide to Networks 6th Edition

... • Possible communication mishap • Not all information received • Corrected by error checking ...
The phenomenon of blurring time dependencies may be used to find
The phenomenon of blurring time dependencies may be used to find

... works. The simulation duration time for all cases described in this paper was assumed to be 120 seconds. In the first case, the analysis of time dependencies will be launched in all nodes at the entire route length. Once the simulation has been completed, information on the packets sent is collected ...
Secure Authentication Mechanism for MANET Barkha Gaur#1, Neha
Secure Authentication Mechanism for MANET Barkha Gaur#1, Neha

... Abstract- The aim of this paper is to study an adhoc network that uniquely comprises mobile nodes that cooperate with each other using wireless connections to route both data and control packets within the whole network. The overall communication range is limited due to the low transmission power ge ...
Martin Herzog, Technical University Berlin
Martin Herzog, Technical University Berlin

... In this article we report on a novel evolutionary WDM upgrade of RPR that builds on its node architecture and protocols. In our WDM upgrade, called RINGOSTAR henceforth, only a subset of ring nodes need to be WDM upgraded and interconnected by an arrayed waveguide grating (AWG)based star WDM network ...
Shortest Paths in Networks
Shortest Paths in Networks

... e increases because, say, of roadworks. If we knew all the pairs of nodes whose shortest path contains e, we could recompute and update the precomputed tables only for these specific pairs. In this case the recomputation would be minimal. In the original Transit algorithm, we can store this informat ...
ppt
ppt

... • Positive transition for 0, negative for 1 • Transition every cycle communicates clock (but need 2 transition times per bit) • DC balance has good electrical properties ...
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CAN bus

A controller area network (CAN bus) is a vehicle bus standard designed to allow microcontrollers and devices to communicate with each other in applications without a host computer. It is a message-based protocol, designed originally for multiplex electrical wiring within automobiles, but is also used in many other contexts.Development of the CAN bus started in 1983 at Robert Bosch GmbH. The protocol was officially released in 1986 at the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) congress in Detroit, Michigan. The first CAN controller chips, produced by Intel and Philips, came on the market in 1987. The 1988 BMW 8 Series was the first production vehicle to feature a CAN-based multiplex wiring system.Bosch published several versions of the CAN specification and the latest is CAN 2.0 published in 1991. This specification has two parts; part A is for the standard format with an 11-bit identifier, and part B is for the extended format with a 29-bit identifier. A CAN device that uses 11-bit identifiers is commonly called CAN 2.0A and a CAN device that uses 29-bit identifiers is commonly called CAN 2.0B. These standards are freely available from Bosch along with other specifications and white papers.In 1993 the International Organization for Standardization released the CAN standard ISO 11898 which was later restructured into two parts; ISO 11898-1 which covers the data link layer, and ISO 11898-2 which covers the CAN physical layer for high-speed CAN. ISO 11898-3 was released later and covers the CAN physical layer for low-speed, fault-tolerant CAN. The physical layer standards ISO 11898-2 and ISO 11898-3 are not part of the Bosch CAN 2.0 specification. These standards may be purchased from the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).CAN in Automation (CiA) also published CAN standards; CAN Specification 2.0 part A and part B, but their status is now obsolete (superseded by ISO 11898-1).Bosch is still active in extending the CAN standards. In 2012 Bosch released CAN FD 1.0 or CAN with Flexible Data-Rate. This specification uses a different frame format that allows a different data length as well as optionally switching to a faster bit rate after the arbitration is decided. CAN FD is compatible with existing CAN 2.0 networks so new CAN FD devices can coexist on the same network with existing CAN devices.CAN bus is one of five protocols used in the on-board diagnostics (OBD)-II vehicle diagnostics standard. The OBD-II standard has been mandatory for all cars and light trucks sold in the United States since 1996, and the EOBD standard has been mandatory for all petrol vehicles sold in the European Union since 2001 and all diesel vehicles since 2004.
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