ppt
... Passive Transport • Molecules move down [gradient] (from high to low concentration) until equilibrium is reached • Spontaneous process • No ATP needed; uses Kinetic energy (KE) or Hydrostatic Pressure as E source • Types of Passive Transport: – Simple Diffusion – Facilitated Diffusion – Osmosis – F ...
... Passive Transport • Molecules move down [gradient] (from high to low concentration) until equilibrium is reached • Spontaneous process • No ATP needed; uses Kinetic energy (KE) or Hydrostatic Pressure as E source • Types of Passive Transport: – Simple Diffusion – Facilitated Diffusion – Osmosis – F ...
printed handout sheet
... glycogen breakdown by raising the intracellular calcium concentration, and activating phosphorylase by the calmodulin route. 19. Insulin antagonises the actions of adrenalin and promotes glycogen synthesis. Phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) activates PI-3 kinase, leading to the syn ...
... glycogen breakdown by raising the intracellular calcium concentration, and activating phosphorylase by the calmodulin route. 19. Insulin antagonises the actions of adrenalin and promotes glycogen synthesis. Phosphorylated insulin receptor substrate 1 (IRS-1) activates PI-3 kinase, leading to the syn ...
Acetylcholine (ACh)
... Tau binds with Tubulin and tangles the microtubules preventing them from properly functioning ...
... Tau binds with Tubulin and tangles the microtubules preventing them from properly functioning ...
42P PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOCHEMICAL SOCIETY
... cytochrome c oxidase activity was 3.O,mol of cytochrome c oxidized/min per mg of protein. The R-mitochondria contained only 0.09,umol of lipid P/mg of protein and showed a cytochrome c oxidase activity of 0.7,umol of cytochrome c oxidized/min per mg of protein. The distribution of the main phospholi ...
... cytochrome c oxidase activity was 3.O,mol of cytochrome c oxidized/min per mg of protein. The R-mitochondria contained only 0.09,umol of lipid P/mg of protein and showed a cytochrome c oxidase activity of 0.7,umol of cytochrome c oxidized/min per mg of protein. The distribution of the main phospholi ...
Cell and Cell Metabolism Quiz
... It consists of two lipid layers. Its lipid components are primarily phospholipids and cholesterol. It contains proteins for specialized functions. It regulates the entry and exit of cell materials. It allows water soluble molecules to pass through easily. ...
... It consists of two lipid layers. Its lipid components are primarily phospholipids and cholesterol. It contains proteins for specialized functions. It regulates the entry and exit of cell materials. It allows water soluble molecules to pass through easily. ...
Plasma Membrane/ Cell Wall Continuum
... GPI: surface anchor for apoplastic proteins can be released into CW e.g. COBRA Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) – decoration attached to CW matrix polysaccharides ...
... GPI: surface anchor for apoplastic proteins can be released into CW e.g. COBRA Arabinogalactan proteins (AGPs) – decoration attached to CW matrix polysaccharides ...
Receptors and Hormone Action
... SHBG binds to membrane receptor and then binds free steroids, to activate cAMP second messenger system: Thus SHBG modulate effects of sex steroids acting on receptors within the target cells ...
... SHBG binds to membrane receptor and then binds free steroids, to activate cAMP second messenger system: Thus SHBG modulate effects of sex steroids acting on receptors within the target cells ...
cell surface receptors
... Ligand gated Ion channels When the ligand binds, the subunits undergo changes opening the pore ion ...
... Ligand gated Ion channels When the ligand binds, the subunits undergo changes opening the pore ion ...
Biosynthesis of non-amino acids from amino acid precursors
... The BCAA (Valine, leucine, isoleucine) form much of proteins, can converted to TCA intermediates, and major precursors of glutamine. Except for BCAA and ala, asp, glu, catabolism of AA occurs mainly in liver Amino acids major gluconeogenic substrates, most energy obtained from oxidation is from ...
... The BCAA (Valine, leucine, isoleucine) form much of proteins, can converted to TCA intermediates, and major precursors of glutamine. Except for BCAA and ala, asp, glu, catabolism of AA occurs mainly in liver Amino acids major gluconeogenic substrates, most energy obtained from oxidation is from ...
Cell organelles III. Cytoplasm, nucleus, nucleolus, SER, RER
... Pinocytosis: uptake of fluids Receptor mediated endocytosis: uptake of specific molecules ...
... Pinocytosis: uptake of fluids Receptor mediated endocytosis: uptake of specific molecules ...
FERMENTATION: an anaerobic biological reaction process in which
... • Feedback inhibition regulates the flow through this metabolic pathway. The end product Z binds to and inhibits (lowers the activity of) the enzyme that catalyses the B to X reaction. In this way Z controls its own concentration. • Thus when quantities of the final product of a metabolic pathway be ...
... • Feedback inhibition regulates the flow through this metabolic pathway. The end product Z binds to and inhibits (lowers the activity of) the enzyme that catalyses the B to X reaction. In this way Z controls its own concentration. • Thus when quantities of the final product of a metabolic pathway be ...
signal transduction the ligand-gated ion channels
... Change in transmembrane voltage gradient – alters ion conductance 3. Second messenger regulated Binding of a ligand to a G-protein coupled receptor – generates a second messenger that regulates ion conductance of a channel ...
... Change in transmembrane voltage gradient – alters ion conductance 3. Second messenger regulated Binding of a ligand to a G-protein coupled receptor – generates a second messenger that regulates ion conductance of a channel ...
CO2 would move across a plasma membrane more quickly than
... temperature does not readily decompose to form a solution of simple sugars because • A. the starch solution has less free energy than the sugar solution • B. the hydrolysis of starch to sugar is endergonic • C. the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be reached and overcome • D. starc ...
... temperature does not readily decompose to form a solution of simple sugars because • A. the starch solution has less free energy than the sugar solution • B. the hydrolysis of starch to sugar is endergonic • C. the activation energy barrier for this reaction cannot be reached and overcome • D. starc ...
Document
... Tay Sachs and lysosomes: human genetic disease -severe mental degradation -lysosomes lack one of the 40 required enzymes -results in a build up of fatty material on neurons -failure of nervous system communication -infantile form of the disease = death by 4 yrs -juvenile form = death from 5 to 15 yr ...
... Tay Sachs and lysosomes: human genetic disease -severe mental degradation -lysosomes lack one of the 40 required enzymes -results in a build up of fatty material on neurons -failure of nervous system communication -infantile form of the disease = death by 4 yrs -juvenile form = death from 5 to 15 yr ...
Macromolecules and the Molecules of Life
... Macromolecules • Macromolecules • Made of CHNOP • Large molecules formed by joining polymers • Monomers • The basic units that bond together to form molecules essential to life • Bond via condensation reaction • Monomer + monomer = polymer + water • Polymers • Several monomers joined together • Sep ...
... Macromolecules • Macromolecules • Made of CHNOP • Large molecules formed by joining polymers • Monomers • The basic units that bond together to form molecules essential to life • Bond via condensation reaction • Monomer + monomer = polymer + water • Polymers • Several monomers joined together • Sep ...
Co-ordinated Synthesis of Membrane Phospholipids with the
... developmental systems studied, the rate of labelling of membrane phospholipids is enhanced in all major subcellular particulate fractions (nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal) after hormone administration. The net accumulation of phospholipids, as well as protein and RNA, is most marked in the rou ...
... developmental systems studied, the rate of labelling of membrane phospholipids is enhanced in all major subcellular particulate fractions (nuclear, mitochondrial and microsomal) after hormone administration. The net accumulation of phospholipids, as well as protein and RNA, is most marked in the rou ...
Gene Section DAB2 (disabled homolog 2, mitogen-responsive phosphoprotein (Drosophila))
... expression and cell growth inhibition without affecting MAPK activity. In vivo studies confirmed a Dab2 role in regulating c-Fos expression. A possible molecular mechanism of action is that Dab2 limits the entry of the activated MAPK into the nucleus. DAB2 can also interact with Grb2 through its PRD ...
... expression and cell growth inhibition without affecting MAPK activity. In vivo studies confirmed a Dab2 role in regulating c-Fos expression. A possible molecular mechanism of action is that Dab2 limits the entry of the activated MAPK into the nucleus. DAB2 can also interact with Grb2 through its PRD ...
SYNTHESIS OF FATTY ACID Acetyl
... Double bonds are introduced into long-chain acyl-CoAs through an electron-transfer process coupled to the reduction of molecular oxygen Reaction catalyzed by a complex of membrane-bound enzymes Double bonds inserted such that the new double bond is three carbons closer to the CoA group, and never be ...
... Double bonds are introduced into long-chain acyl-CoAs through an electron-transfer process coupled to the reduction of molecular oxygen Reaction catalyzed by a complex of membrane-bound enzymes Double bonds inserted such that the new double bond is three carbons closer to the CoA group, and never be ...
Document
... • Anaerobic respiration produces CO2 and ethanol, the process is known as fermentation • This is used in the production of beer, wine and other alcoholic drinks ...
... • Anaerobic respiration produces CO2 and ethanol, the process is known as fermentation • This is used in the production of beer, wine and other alcoholic drinks ...
G-protein linked receptor
... G-protein coupled receptors also activate IP3 and Ca2+-mediated signaling pathways Activate receptor acts as GEF Activated Ga activates phospholipase C (PLC) Active PLC cleaves PIP2 to IP3 and diacylglycerol (DAG) IP3 opens Ca2+ channels in ER releasing Ca2+ to cytoplasm ...
... G-protein coupled receptors also activate IP3 and Ca2+-mediated signaling pathways Activate receptor acts as GEF Activated Ga activates phospholipase C (PLC) Active PLC cleaves PIP2 to IP3 and diacylglycerol (DAG) IP3 opens Ca2+ channels in ER releasing Ca2+ to cytoplasm ...
Mouse anti-GPCR-K2 Mouse anti-β-Adrenergic Receptor Kinase 1
... phosphorylation of many G protein coupled receptors accompanies stimulus-driven desensitization. There are two types of kinases known to mediate these modifications: second messenger kinases and novel G protein-coupled receptor kinases. G protein-coupled receptor kinase family members include rhodop ...
... phosphorylation of many G protein coupled receptors accompanies stimulus-driven desensitization. There are two types of kinases known to mediate these modifications: second messenger kinases and novel G protein-coupled receptor kinases. G protein-coupled receptor kinase family members include rhodop ...
Lipid signaling
Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different from other classical signaling paradigms (such as monoamine neurotransmission) because lipids can freely diffuse through membranes (see osmosis.) One consequence of this is that lipid messengers cannot be stored in vesicles prior to release and so are often biosynthesized ""on demand"" at their intended site of action. As such, many lipid signaling molecules cannot circulate freely in solution but, rather, exist bound to special carrier proteins in serum.