The Permeability Properties of Rat Liver Lysosomes to Nucleosides
... for nucleoside degradation. Presumably, however, inorganic phosphate from nucleotide hydrolysis can pass across the membrane. In these experiments and previous ones (Lloyd, 1969, 1971) of the same type, rat liver lysosomes incubated in 0 . 2 5 ~solutions lost their latency progressively over a 60min ...
... for nucleoside degradation. Presumably, however, inorganic phosphate from nucleotide hydrolysis can pass across the membrane. In these experiments and previous ones (Lloyd, 1969, 1971) of the same type, rat liver lysosomes incubated in 0 . 2 5 ~solutions lost their latency progressively over a 60min ...
Ocimum sanctum Induced hepatic damage R.Bhuvaneswari Dr.K.Jegatheesan
... day )was referred as earlier and followed the same[5]. ...
... day )was referred as earlier and followed the same[5]. ...
Lipotoxicity in steatohepatitis occurs despite an increase in
... liver transplantation (8). Uncovering defects in hepatic mitochondrial metabolism assumes great importance toward understanding the transition to NASH and developing future prevention strategies. With progression of hepatic insulin resistance and triglyceride accumulation, there is constant remodeli ...
... liver transplantation (8). Uncovering defects in hepatic mitochondrial metabolism assumes great importance toward understanding the transition to NASH and developing future prevention strategies. With progression of hepatic insulin resistance and triglyceride accumulation, there is constant remodeli ...
Lipid profiling and transcriptomic analysis reveals a functional
... synthesis) effects [22,23] but these effects are attenuated when E2 is administered transdermally, suggesting that liver is the major target of regulatory cross-talk between estrogens and GH. However, the molecular characterization of the hepatic changes induced by long-term E2 treatment, when it is ...
... synthesis) effects [22,23] but these effects are attenuated when E2 is administered transdermally, suggesting that liver is the major target of regulatory cross-talk between estrogens and GH. However, the molecular characterization of the hepatic changes induced by long-term E2 treatment, when it is ...
Biosynthesis of Lipids and Hydrocarbons in Algae
... the process of binding of CoA (Joyard et al., 2010). Oppositely, fatty acid is necessary to be activated by the binding of ACP for passing through the cell membrane in the cyanobacteria Synechocystis species. In any step, a synthesized carbon chain can be metabolized into various products including ...
... the process of binding of CoA (Joyard et al., 2010). Oppositely, fatty acid is necessary to be activated by the binding of ACP for passing through the cell membrane in the cyanobacteria Synechocystis species. In any step, a synthesized carbon chain can be metabolized into various products including ...
Camp 1 - University of California, Santa Cruz
... • If no oxygen is present to reoxidize NADH to NAD+, then another way must be found to reoxidize it. ...
... • If no oxygen is present to reoxidize NADH to NAD+, then another way must be found to reoxidize it. ...
pptx
... A 38-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of frequent falls, increasing confusion, and incontinence ...
... A 38-year-old woman is brought to the physician because of frequent falls, increasing confusion, and incontinence ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... iving cells are in a state of ceaseless activity. To maintain its “life,” each cell depends on highly coordinated biochemical reactions. Carbohydrates are an important source of the energy that drives these reactions. This chapter discusses the energy-generating pathways of carbohydrate metabolism a ...
... iving cells are in a state of ceaseless activity. To maintain its “life,” each cell depends on highly coordinated biochemical reactions. Carbohydrates are an important source of the energy that drives these reactions. This chapter discusses the energy-generating pathways of carbohydrate metabolism a ...
Chapter 9 Cellular Respiration (working)
... glucose molecule; fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
... glucose molecule; fermentation produces 2 ATP per glucose molecule Copyright © 2008 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Pearson Benjamin Cummings ...
waxes - staging.files.cms.plus.com
... required for triacylglycerol biosynthesis, i.e. an acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) or more specifically an isoform of the enzyme known as DGAT1. The same enzyme synthesises retinyl esters also. Similarly, in prokaryotes, an enzyme that is structurally distinct from that in animals is ...
... required for triacylglycerol biosynthesis, i.e. an acyl CoA:diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT) or more specifically an isoform of the enzyme known as DGAT1. The same enzyme synthesises retinyl esters also. Similarly, in prokaryotes, an enzyme that is structurally distinct from that in animals is ...
as a PDF
... Because this is a paper written by a beginning student as an assignment, there are no guarantees that everything is absolutely correct and accurate. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in our knowledge due to continued research, neither the author nor The University of Iowa nor any ...
... Because this is a paper written by a beginning student as an assignment, there are no guarantees that everything is absolutely correct and accurate. In view of the possibility of human error or changes in our knowledge due to continued research, neither the author nor The University of Iowa nor any ...
Cellular Respiration I - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... 8.1.2 Outline the process of glycolysis, including phosphorylation, lysis, oxidation and ATP formation. 8.1.3 Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs. 8.1.4 Explain aerobic respiration, including the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, the role o ...
... 8.1.2 Outline the process of glycolysis, including phosphorylation, lysis, oxidation and ATP formation. 8.1.3 Draw and label a diagram showing the structure of a mitochondrion as seen in electron micrographs. 8.1.4 Explain aerobic respiration, including the link reaction, the Krebs cycle, the role o ...
Aerobic respiration - Wesleyan
... 2 A phosphate group from a second ATP is transferred to the glucose-6phosphate. The resulting molecule is unstable, and it splits into two three carbon molecules. The molecules are interconvertible, so we will call them both PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde). Two ATP have now been invested in the reactio ...
... 2 A phosphate group from a second ATP is transferred to the glucose-6phosphate. The resulting molecule is unstable, and it splits into two three carbon molecules. The molecules are interconvertible, so we will call them both PGAL (phosphoglyceraldehyde). Two ATP have now been invested in the reactio ...
Antihyperlipidemic Drugs
... – transporters fats from the intestine to muscle and other tissues that need fatty acids for energy or fat production. – Cholesterol • is not used by muscles • remains in more cholesterol-rich chylomicron remnants, which are taken up from the bloodstream by the liver ...
... – transporters fats from the intestine to muscle and other tissues that need fatty acids for energy or fat production. – Cholesterol • is not used by muscles • remains in more cholesterol-rich chylomicron remnants, which are taken up from the bloodstream by the liver ...
25., Fatty ocid oxidation
... Inborn errors associatedwith lipid metabolism include Tay-Sachsdisease,Gaucher's disease, and Niemann-Pick disease.All three conditions are lipid storage diseases. Normally, both triglycerides and complex lipids are constantly being broken down and synthesizedin the body. The lipid storage diseases ...
... Inborn errors associatedwith lipid metabolism include Tay-Sachsdisease,Gaucher's disease, and Niemann-Pick disease.All three conditions are lipid storage diseases. Normally, both triglycerides and complex lipids are constantly being broken down and synthesizedin the body. The lipid storage diseases ...
Long-chain fatty acids increase basal metabolism
... important because LC fatty acids are the major metabolic substrates of the heart and, furthermore, they are known to accumulate in high concentrations during ischemia (6, 33). The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of LC fatty acids on both resting heat rate and mitochondrial me ...
... important because LC fatty acids are the major metabolic substrates of the heart and, furthermore, they are known to accumulate in high concentrations during ischemia (6, 33). The aims of the present study were to determine the effects of LC fatty acids on both resting heat rate and mitochondrial me ...
Excess portal venous long-chain fatty acids induce syndrome X via
... is associated with a higher incidence of the symptoms of syndrome X than is lower body obesity (4, 22, 32, 49). This is primarily related to the amount of visceral fat rather than to the amount of subcutaneous fat (2–4). Visceral adipose tissue has metabolic characteristics that are unique in compar ...
... is associated with a higher incidence of the symptoms of syndrome X than is lower body obesity (4, 22, 32, 49). This is primarily related to the amount of visceral fat rather than to the amount of subcutaneous fat (2–4). Visceral adipose tissue has metabolic characteristics that are unique in compar ...
EFFECTS OF ACUTE ETHIONINE-INDUCED
... perturb hepatic metabolism. Ethionine, itself being an amino acid, is handled in much the same way as many other amino acids. It can be incorporated into protein (Wilson et al., 1981), deaminated with subsequent metabolism of the carbon skeleton (Steele and Benevenga, 1979), or it can be activated a ...
... perturb hepatic metabolism. Ethionine, itself being an amino acid, is handled in much the same way as many other amino acids. It can be incorporated into protein (Wilson et al., 1981), deaminated with subsequent metabolism of the carbon skeleton (Steele and Benevenga, 1979), or it can be activated a ...
Insulina - Gilberto De Nucci
... hypoglycemic events noted per patient were reduced by 46.4% (p = 0.003) and occurred significantly less often during nocturnal periods (-63.2%, p = 0.002). Following the adjustment, the mean daily insulin requirement was reduced by 28.05% (from 0.82 to 0.59 IU/kg) and the new proportion of 40% as ba ...
... hypoglycemic events noted per patient were reduced by 46.4% (p = 0.003) and occurred significantly less often during nocturnal periods (-63.2%, p = 0.002). Following the adjustment, the mean daily insulin requirement was reduced by 28.05% (from 0.82 to 0.59 IU/kg) and the new proportion of 40% as ba ...
LP - Columbia University
... the tri-alcohol that serves as the backbone for triglycerides (fat) and phospholipids. See glycolysis handout. From the PowerPoint graphic, it can be seen that glycerol is metabolized as follows: glycerol + ATP --> glycerol-1-P glycerol-1-P + NAD --> DHAP (= dihydroxyacetone phosphate) + NADH2 DHAP ...
... the tri-alcohol that serves as the backbone for triglycerides (fat) and phospholipids. See glycolysis handout. From the PowerPoint graphic, it can be seen that glycerol is metabolized as follows: glycerol + ATP --> glycerol-1-P glycerol-1-P + NAD --> DHAP (= dihydroxyacetone phosphate) + NADH2 DHAP ...
Biochemical changes during the development of witches` broom: the
... 7, 14, 21, 35, 61, and 132 d after inoculation (DAI). As controls, similar groups of uninfected plant tissues (buds and shoots) were collected over the same periods. Except for ethylene analysis, the sampled materials were frozen in liquid nitrogen at the time of collection and freeze-dried for late ...
... 7, 14, 21, 35, 61, and 132 d after inoculation (DAI). As controls, similar groups of uninfected plant tissues (buds and shoots) were collected over the same periods. Except for ethylene analysis, the sampled materials were frozen in liquid nitrogen at the time of collection and freeze-dried for late ...
Molecular basis of cardiac efficiency
... In the mammalian heart, both UCP2 and UCP3 are expressed [12,13]. Their expression correlates with serum fatty acid concentrations and rates of myocardial fatty acid oxidation [14]. UCP3 and UCP2 (in part), are positively regulated by the transcriptional regulator of the fatty acid oxidative pathway ...
... In the mammalian heart, both UCP2 and UCP3 are expressed [12,13]. Their expression correlates with serum fatty acid concentrations and rates of myocardial fatty acid oxidation [14]. UCP3 and UCP2 (in part), are positively regulated by the transcriptional regulator of the fatty acid oxidative pathway ...
A Study of Free Amino Acids and of Glutamine
... that on a molar basis the increase in the concen trations of aspartic acid, serine, and threonine was largely compensated for by a decrease in the con centration of glutamine. On the other hand, in the liver of rats with large tumors the concentrations of all amino acids determined, with the excepti ...
... that on a molar basis the increase in the concen trations of aspartic acid, serine, and threonine was largely compensated for by a decrease in the con centration of glutamine. On the other hand, in the liver of rats with large tumors the concentrations of all amino acids determined, with the excepti ...
Lactic Acid : Brief History
... dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine trip hosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it wa ...
... dioxide and chemical energy in the form of adenosine trip hosphate (ATP). In addition, the cycle provides precursors of certain amino acids as well as the reducing agent NADH that is used in numerous other biochemical reactions. Its central importance to many biochemical pathways suggests that it wa ...
AMP-activated protein kinase regulation of fatty acid oxidation in the
... In the heart, AMPK is as an important metabolic sensor, which is activated under conditions of metabolic stress such as hypoxia, or under conditions where ATP is depleted. AMPK is an important modulator of fatty acid metabolism in the myocardium by accelerating fatty acid oxidation when ATP is low, ...
... In the heart, AMPK is as an important metabolic sensor, which is activated under conditions of metabolic stress such as hypoxia, or under conditions where ATP is depleted. AMPK is an important modulator of fatty acid metabolism in the myocardium by accelerating fatty acid oxidation when ATP is low, ...
Glyceroneogenesis
Glyceroneogenesis is a metabolic pathway which synthesizes glycerol 3-phosphate or triglyceride from precursors other than glucose. Usually glycerol 3-phosphate is generated from glucose by glycolysis, but when glucose concentration drops in the cytosol, it is generated by another pathway called glyceroneogenesis. Glyceroneogenesis uses pyruvate, alanine, glutamine or any substances from the TCA cycle as precursors for glycerol 3-phophate. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPC-K), which is an enzyme that catalyses the decarboxylation of oxaloacetate to phosphoenolpyruvate is the main regulator for this pathway. Glyceroneogenesis can be observed in adipose tissue and also liver. It is a significant biochemical pathway which regulates cytosolic lipid levels. Intense suppression of glyceroneogenesis may lead to metabolic disorder such as type 2 diabetes.