fermentation
... The Krebs Cycle cont. • Follow steps in your book, pgs 138-139 – In step 1, a two-carbon molecule of acetyl CoA combines with a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetic acid, to produce a six-carbon compound, citric acid – In step 2, citric acid releases a CO2 molecule and a hydrogen atom to form a five-ca ...
... The Krebs Cycle cont. • Follow steps in your book, pgs 138-139 – In step 1, a two-carbon molecule of acetyl CoA combines with a four-carbon compound, oxaloacetic acid, to produce a six-carbon compound, citric acid – In step 2, citric acid releases a CO2 molecule and a hydrogen atom to form a five-ca ...
Fate of Carbon Skeleton
... It is removed by the liver that converts it to urea, which is less toxic, water soluble and easily excreted in the urine. ...
... It is removed by the liver that converts it to urea, which is less toxic, water soluble and easily excreted in the urine. ...
AP Biology - John D. O`Bryant School of Math & Science
... transformed product is very similar to citrate. Why does this product block the citric acid cycle? How might the effect of the transformed product be ...
... transformed product is very similar to citrate. Why does this product block the citric acid cycle? How might the effect of the transformed product be ...
File Ref.No.7054/GA - IV - J1/2013/CU UNIVERSITY OF CALICUT
... Enzyme catalysis and Mechanism of enzyme action-: Idea of enzyme specificity; Concept of active site and the ‘lock and key’ model of Emil Fischer; Koshland’s induced fit theory of enzyme catalysis. Standard free energy change in a reaction. Transition state, energy of activation of non-enzymatic and ...
... Enzyme catalysis and Mechanism of enzyme action-: Idea of enzyme specificity; Concept of active site and the ‘lock and key’ model of Emil Fischer; Koshland’s induced fit theory of enzyme catalysis. Standard free energy change in a reaction. Transition state, energy of activation of non-enzymatic and ...
PIPER INDUCED HEPATOTOXICITY IN RATS LONGUM
... a dose level of 50 mg/kg body weight each were administered to three different groups of rats orally once daily for 14 days. The degree of liver protection was determined by estimating the levels of serum marker enzymes such as Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate amino transferase, Alkaline phospha ...
... a dose level of 50 mg/kg body weight each were administered to three different groups of rats orally once daily for 14 days. The degree of liver protection was determined by estimating the levels of serum marker enzymes such as Alanine amino transferase, Aspartate amino transferase, Alkaline phospha ...
Biochemistry - Textbooks Online
... lipopolysaccharide. Cell membrane is also called as plasma membrane (or) plasma lemma. The pili, not found in all bacteria have extensions of the cell wall. The cell membrane contains about 45% lipid and 55% protein. The cell membrane or plasma membrane have an average thickness of 75 A°. The princi ...
... lipopolysaccharide. Cell membrane is also called as plasma membrane (or) plasma lemma. The pili, not found in all bacteria have extensions of the cell wall. The cell membrane contains about 45% lipid and 55% protein. The cell membrane or plasma membrane have an average thickness of 75 A°. The princi ...
mechanism of photosynthesis
... enter into PS-II, thus it involves both PS-I and PS-II. (i) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation : Hill and Bendal (1960) and Robinowitch and Govindjee (1965) have proposed Z- scheme to explain the process of photophosphorylation. According to him during light reaction, both the photochemical processes ( ...
... enter into PS-II, thus it involves both PS-I and PS-II. (i) Non-cyclic photophosphorylation : Hill and Bendal (1960) and Robinowitch and Govindjee (1965) have proposed Z- scheme to explain the process of photophosphorylation. According to him during light reaction, both the photochemical processes ( ...
Preview as PDF - Pearson Higher Education
... lar respiration consists of many steps. energy requirements for various human activities next. Cellular respiration can produce up to 32 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule, a capture of about 34% of the Why are sweating and other body-cooling mechanisms energy originally stored in glucose. The ...
... lar respiration consists of many steps. energy requirements for various human activities next. Cellular respiration can produce up to 32 ATP molecules for each glucose molecule, a capture of about 34% of the Why are sweating and other body-cooling mechanisms energy originally stored in glucose. The ...
File E-Leraning : METABOLISME
... make fermented dairy products such as yogurt, sour cream, and cheese. ...
... make fermented dairy products such as yogurt, sour cream, and cheese. ...
electron transport chain
... to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
... to NADH, forming lactate as an end product, with no release of CO2 • Lactic acid fermentation by some fungi and bacteria is used to make cheese and yogurt • Human muscle cells use lactic acid fermentation to generate ATP when O2 is scarce ...
studies in the dielectric constants of fatty acids
... however, the trans-isomer has a slightly lower dielectric constant. In ethyl ricinoleate, the trans-isomer has a much higher dielectric constant. This is obviously due to the introduction of the ethyl group in place of the hydrogen of the acid. This difference has also been noticed by the author in ...
... however, the trans-isomer has a slightly lower dielectric constant. In ethyl ricinoleate, the trans-isomer has a much higher dielectric constant. This is obviously due to the introduction of the ethyl group in place of the hydrogen of the acid. This difference has also been noticed by the author in ...
ATP/NADH Ledger
... Proteins are utilized by deaminating their amino acids, and then metabolizing the product. • Fats are utilized by beta-oxidation. ...
... Proteins are utilized by deaminating their amino acids, and then metabolizing the product. • Fats are utilized by beta-oxidation. ...
Urinary Amino Acids Profile of Vegetarians and Non
... vegetarians) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The most common amino acids detected in the young and elderly individuals on vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets were phenylalanine, threonine, arginine and asparagine, while leucine, aspartic acid and alanine were not found in any urine ...
... vegetarians) by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The most common amino acids detected in the young and elderly individuals on vegetarian and non-vegetarian diets were phenylalanine, threonine, arginine and asparagine, while leucine, aspartic acid and alanine were not found in any urine ...
Respiratio
... first stable product formed is citric acid (6c), hence it is called citric Acid cycle. In this cycle first & acids (citrate, cis -aconitate, isocitrate, oxalosuccinate). contain three carboxylic acid groups, hence it is called Tricarboxylic Acid cycle- TCA cycle. ...
... first stable product formed is citric acid (6c), hence it is called citric Acid cycle. In this cycle first & acids (citrate, cis -aconitate, isocitrate, oxalosuccinate). contain three carboxylic acid groups, hence it is called Tricarboxylic Acid cycle- TCA cycle. ...
15. The Importance of Energy Changes and Electron Transfer in
... Anabolism of Amino Acids and Other Metabolites ◈ Anabolic reactions (amino acids and other metabolites) - Malate to oxaloacetate - Oxaloacetate to produce aspartate - Aspartate forms not only amino acid but also other nitrogencontaining metabolites. - Isocitrate produces α-ketoglutarate. - Glutamate ...
... Anabolism of Amino Acids and Other Metabolites ◈ Anabolic reactions (amino acids and other metabolites) - Malate to oxaloacetate - Oxaloacetate to produce aspartate - Aspartate forms not only amino acid but also other nitrogencontaining metabolites. - Isocitrate produces α-ketoglutarate. - Glutamate ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.