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L’impératif
Expressing orders or requests
The tu, nous, & vous forms are used without
the subject and their present tense ending:
• Écoutez, madame…
• N’insistez pas, docteur!
For verbs ending in –er, -vrir, & -frir,
drop the final s on the tu form:
• Regarde plutôt ta sauce! Elle brûle (is burning)!
• FAITES ATTENTION!
Aller is considered an –er verb for this rule:
Va au tableau.
• All other regular forms keep the s:
Attends!
These 4 verbs have irregular tu,
nous, & vous forms:
• Avoir: aie (rhymes with lait), ayons, ayez
• Être: sois, soyons, soyez
• Savoir: sache, sachons, sachez
• Vouloir: only the vous form, veuillez is
used
For pronominal verbs, & verbs using direct &
indirect pronouns, the pronouns follow the
verb:
•
•
•
•
Calme-toi!
Parlez-nous un peu de la France…
Donne-les-lui! (Give them to her!)
Appelez-moi. (Call me.)
NOTE:
me & te become moi & toi if they are the
final element of a command.
In negative commands, the pronoun goes in
front of the verb, just like it does in a normal
statement:
• Ne me réponds pas comme ça!
(Don’t answer me like that!)
• Ne te rase pas maintenant!
(Don’t shave right now!)
REMEMBER:
While the tu & vous forms are used to give
commands, the nous form is used to
suggest rather than command, and includes
the person speaking:
• Appelez les photographes!
(Call the photographers!)
• Espérons!
(Let’s hope so!)
Giving orders or making Requests
without the imperative:
• Devoir or falloir + an infinitive can be used
in statements:
– Nous devons aller à l’hôpital.
– Il faut réserver à l’avance.
• Vouloir + an infinitive can be used in
questions:
– Veux-tu venir avec moi?
Giving orders or making Requests
without the imperative:
• Use the present tense with tu, vous, or on
(meaning nous).
– Du calme! Tu rentres chez toi et tu l’attends.
(Calm down! Go home & wait for her.)
• The expression d’accord or s’il te/vous
plaît is often found at the end.
– On parle d’autre chose, d’accord?
(Let’s talk about something else, okay?)
Giving orders or making Requests
without the imperative:
• In formal situations, use veuillez + an
infinitive:
– Veuillez entrer. (Please come in.)
• On official forms, public transportation,
signs & in directions, the infinitive is used:
– Voir au verso. (Turn over—on a document)
– Ne pas apporter de nourriture ou boisson au
musée.
(Do not bring food or drink into the museum.)