Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
REPRISE DU PASSÉ COMPOSÉ I. LA TERMINAISON DU PARTICIPE PASSÉ A. VERBES RÉGULIERS ER verbes: é regarder regardé IR verbes: i sortir sorti RE verbes: u vendre vendu B. VERBES IRRÉGULIERS Apprendre: appris Avoir: eu Boire: bu Comprendre: compris Croire: cru Devoir: dû Dire: dit Écrire: écrit Être: été Faire: fait Lire: lu Mettre: mis Naître: né Pouvoir: pu Recevoir: reçu Suivre: suivi Venir: venu FRECNH AP - BHS Prendre: pris 1 Voir: vu Vouloir: voulu II. LES AUXILLIARES A. ÊTRE Most verbs use avoir, but here are some ways to help you remember the list of the main verbs which take être as the helping verb. There are others that might use être, too, as you’ll see later: 1. LES VERBES PRINCIPAUX a. Mrs Dr Vandertramp: each letter is the beginning of a verb (16 total). There are other verbs which can take être as a helping verb, but this is the main list. b. 5 paires (d’opposés), 4 R’s, DT: this method used five pairs of opposite verbs, four that begin with R, one that begins with D and one with T (16 total): (1) naître/mourir, monter/descendre, entrer/sortir, venir/aller, arriver/partir (2) Rentrer, Retourner, Rester, Revenir (3) Devenir, Tomber c. La Maison d’Etre: think of a house and the motion to, in and away from the house: entering, exiting, going up and down the stairs, staying… 2. ACCORD DU PARTICIPE PASSÉ a. In most cases, your past participle will agree in gender and number with the subject. Add an –é for feminine and an –s for plural—both for feminine plural. You’ll learn specific cases where you won’t have agreement (see Reflexive Verbs). b. Examples. (2) Roger : Je suis allé au café. (3) Sophie et Roger : Nous sommes allés au café. FRECNH AP - BHS (1) Sophie : Je suis allée au café. 2 III. LES VERBES PRONOMINAUX (Reflexive Verbs) The past participle agrees when the reflexive pronoun is the direct object of the sentence. (1) d.o. : Elle s’est douchée. / She showered. (2) not d.o. : Elle s’est lavé les cheveux. / She washed her hair. (hair is d.o.) IV. NEGATIVE In the PC, the helping verb gets the negation: Je ne suis pas allé(e) au parc. B. AVOIR Most other verbs take avoir as their helping verb, and some can use both, depending on the sentence. As for agreement, you usually agree only when there is a direct object pronoun in front of the verb in place of the direct object of the sentence. 1. No D.O. pronoun : J’ai regardé la télé. J’ai regardé les enfants. 2. D.O. pronoun : Je l’ai regardée. Je les ai regardés. FRECNH AP - BHS 3. Negative: In the PC, the helping verb gets the negation: Je n’ai pas regardé la télé. 3