* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download Predicting Inherited Characteristics
Medical genetics wikipedia , lookup
Polymorphism (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Genetically modified food wikipedia , lookup
Biology and consumer behaviour wikipedia , lookup
Genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Pharmacogenomics wikipedia , lookup
Genetically modified crops wikipedia , lookup
Inbreeding avoidance wikipedia , lookup
Genomic imprinting wikipedia , lookup
Behavioural genetics wikipedia , lookup
Hybrid (biology) wikipedia , lookup
Population genetics wikipedia , lookup
History of genetic engineering wikipedia , lookup
Human leukocyte antigen wikipedia , lookup
Heritability of IQ wikipedia , lookup
Designer baby wikipedia , lookup
Genetic drift wikipedia , lookup
Microevolution wikipedia , lookup
Hardy–Weinberg principle wikipedia , lookup
Predicting Inherited Characteristics Gregor Mendel studied heredity using pea plants. His work is the foundation for Modern genetics. Peas Were Used Because: 1. Many traits exist in 2 forms: Green or yellow Tall or short Wrinkled or Nonwrinkled 2. Many offspring were produced in one generation 3. They Self-Pollinate: This would ensure pure breeding Mendel’s Conclusions: 1. Individual factors control inherited characteristics 2. These factors exist in pairs 3. One factor can mask or hide another Genes: Factors that Control Traits Factors that control individual traits are called alleles. Some alleles are dominant, some are recessive. Dominant Alleles: The trait always shows. Use a capital letter to indicate dominance If a dominant allele is present, a recessive allele will be masked. Recessive Alleles Use a lower case letter to indicate Recessive trait will not be present unless there are 2 recessive alleles. Blue eyes are recessive Tongue Rolling is Dominant Phenotype This is the PHYSICAL EXPRESSION of a trait You CAN see the phenotype The dominant allele will ALWAYS show in a phenotype Genotype This is the GENETIC makeup of a trait You can’t see the genotype Heterozygous This means the trait is hybrid The organism has a dominant and a recessive allele for this trait Dd – is how this is shown ** the dominant trait will always show in this case ** Homozygous This means the trait is pure DD or dd The organism has two dominant or recessive alleles for this trait Purebred and Hybrid Purebred: Both alleles for a trait are the same EX: HH, hh (homozygous) Hybrid: 2 different alleles for a trait (heterozygous) EX: Hh, Tt Asexual reproduction One parent Parent divides to produce a copy of itself Offspring is genetically the same as parent Sexual reproduction Two parents Offspring has genes from both parents Offspring is genetically DIFFERENT from parents