Pest Control by the Introduction of a Conditional Lethal Trait on
... disequilibrium) between allelic states at different loci. Initially, all individuals carrying the conditional lethal allele on one locus have it on all loci, and this association breaks down only gradually. Thus, we must track all genotypes as they change over time. Fortunately, the problem can be s ...
... disequilibrium) between allelic states at different loci. Initially, all individuals carrying the conditional lethal allele on one locus have it on all loci, and this association breaks down only gradually. Thus, we must track all genotypes as they change over time. Fortunately, the problem can be s ...
Pathogenesis of PSC
... ? autoimmune response to viral protein ? immune response to uncharacterised viral proteins crossreacting with HIV-1 And HIAP ...
... ? autoimmune response to viral protein ? immune response to uncharacterised viral proteins crossreacting with HIV-1 And HIAP ...
Immunity to Intracellular Salmonella Depends on Surface
... proteomics [22], serum antibody response [23–26], as well as mutant virulence phenotypes. In addition to antigen expression, antigen immunogenicity could play a major role. Antigen detection by cognate CD4 T cells requires antigen processing and presentation of the resulting small peptides by major ...
... proteomics [22], serum antibody response [23–26], as well as mutant virulence phenotypes. In addition to antigen expression, antigen immunogenicity could play a major role. Antigen detection by cognate CD4 T cells requires antigen processing and presentation of the resulting small peptides by major ...
Epitope Specificity of Anti-Citrullinated Protein Antibodies
... in the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis, a disease with a chronic and inflammatory nature. These antibodies do not appear to have any strict dependency for reactivity except from the presence of the non-genetically encoded amino acid citrulline, which is the result of a posttranslational modi ...
... in the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis, a disease with a chronic and inflammatory nature. These antibodies do not appear to have any strict dependency for reactivity except from the presence of the non-genetically encoded amino acid citrulline, which is the result of a posttranslational modi ...
The immune system
... In reality, they are tissue antigens as they are present also in membranes of epithelial and endothelial cells of many tissues and organs ...
... In reality, they are tissue antigens as they are present also in membranes of epithelial and endothelial cells of many tissues and organs ...
Alopecia areata update
... Another variant that should be considered is acute In children, the most important entities to rule out diffuse and total alopecia, which was first described are tinea capitis and trichotillomania. Tinea capitis by Sato-Kawamura et al14 and was reported more can be differentiated by the presence of ...
... Another variant that should be considered is acute In children, the most important entities to rule out diffuse and total alopecia, which was first described are tinea capitis and trichotillomania. Tinea capitis by Sato-Kawamura et al14 and was reported more can be differentiated by the presence of ...
Detection of antibodies to common antigens of pathogenic and
... to N . lactamica, were also demonstrated. Antibody against all antigens was more prevalent in bactericidal than in non-bactericidal sera, although these differences were statistically not significant. Differences in antibody prevalence between carriers of Neisseria spp. and non-carriers of these org ...
... to N . lactamica, were also demonstrated. Antibody against all antigens was more prevalent in bactericidal than in non-bactericidal sera, although these differences were statistically not significant. Differences in antibody prevalence between carriers of Neisseria spp. and non-carriers of these org ...
22 It`s hard to name a thinker more important to shaping
... Jerne escaped unscathed and went on to serve as the chair of what was then the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine’s Department of Microbiology. In 1984, while director of the Basel Institute, he received the Nobel prize for his theories that jump-started the modern understanding of the immu ...
... Jerne escaped unscathed and went on to serve as the chair of what was then the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine’s Department of Microbiology. In 1984, while director of the Basel Institute, he received the Nobel prize for his theories that jump-started the modern understanding of the immu ...
Serotype IX, a Proposed New Streptococcus agalactiae
... submitted to the Neisseria and Streptococcus Reference laboratory, Statens Serum Institut (SSI), are nontypeable (unpublished data). In recent years, molecular serotyping of GBS based on detection of serotype-specific genes of the capsular region has been developing rapidly (5, 7, 29, 42) and, in so ...
... submitted to the Neisseria and Streptococcus Reference laboratory, Statens Serum Institut (SSI), are nontypeable (unpublished data). In recent years, molecular serotyping of GBS based on detection of serotype-specific genes of the capsular region has been developing rapidly (5, 7, 29, 42) and, in so ...
Fulltext PDF - Indian Academy of Sciences
... A previous study (Chandrashekaran and Sarla 1993) revealed that flies of the genotype stmA1 / stmA1; Tp2; 3 P32 (containing two copies of stmA1 and a wild-type copy of the 2nd chromosome region 41A to 44D4.8 on chromosome 3) showed wild type behaviour. stmA was therefore roughly mapped to the 41A–44 ...
... A previous study (Chandrashekaran and Sarla 1993) revealed that flies of the genotype stmA1 / stmA1; Tp2; 3 P32 (containing two copies of stmA1 and a wild-type copy of the 2nd chromosome region 41A to 44D4.8 on chromosome 3) showed wild type behaviour. stmA was therefore roughly mapped to the 41A–44 ...
Genetic aspects in sarcoidosis REVIEW M. Luisetti*, A. Beretta*, L. Casali*
... sarcoidosis remains unknown. One cannot, therefore, exclude that some racial variation might be attributed to varying environmental risk. In addition, families share not only genes but also their environment. In this framework, genetic studies on sarcoidosis have developed on a less favourable backg ...
... sarcoidosis remains unknown. One cannot, therefore, exclude that some racial variation might be attributed to varying environmental risk. In addition, families share not only genes but also their environment. In this framework, genetic studies on sarcoidosis have developed on a less favourable backg ...
Who Needs Rh Negative Blood and Rh Immune Globulin?
... • More than 200 different RHD alleles in populations • single or multiple amino acid changes in RhD • could potentially be >200 different antigens or “D subgroups” • Two Primary Categories • Weak D – changes decrease antigen expression level – definition: react weaker than expected (<2+ OR require I ...
... • More than 200 different RHD alleles in populations • single or multiple amino acid changes in RhD • could potentially be >200 different antigens or “D subgroups” • Two Primary Categories • Weak D – changes decrease antigen expression level – definition: react weaker than expected (<2+ OR require I ...
Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia - NAIT-FAIT
... below) is capable of detecting foetal thrombocytopenia even when the platelet count of the gravida is normal. Non-immunological origins for the foetal thrombocytopenia cannot be determined. See table for differential diagnosis! Laboratory: If severe FAIT cannot be ruled out because of intra-cranial ...
... below) is capable of detecting foetal thrombocytopenia even when the platelet count of the gravida is normal. Non-immunological origins for the foetal thrombocytopenia cannot be determined. See table for differential diagnosis! Laboratory: If severe FAIT cannot be ruled out because of intra-cranial ...
Program - Canadian Society of Transplantation
... Subclinical tacrolimus nephrotoxicity in protocol biopsies obtained more than 5 years after renal allograft transplantation Trana Hussaini Investigating the Association between Hypomagnesaemia and Calcineurin Inhibitor Induced Nephrotoxicity in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Case-Control Study Yasem ...
... Subclinical tacrolimus nephrotoxicity in protocol biopsies obtained more than 5 years after renal allograft transplantation Trana Hussaini Investigating the Association between Hypomagnesaemia and Calcineurin Inhibitor Induced Nephrotoxicity in Liver Transplant Recipients: A Case-Control Study Yasem ...
Introduction to Immunoassays
... of laboratory tests, such as colorimetric tests, because they use antibody:antigen complexes to generate a signal that can be measured. • In contrast, most routine clinical chemistry tests utilize chemical reactions between the reagent (a solution of chemicals or other agents) and patient sample to ...
... of laboratory tests, such as colorimetric tests, because they use antibody:antigen complexes to generate a signal that can be measured. • In contrast, most routine clinical chemistry tests utilize chemical reactions between the reagent (a solution of chemicals or other agents) and patient sample to ...
Evolutionary advantages and drawbacks of uni- versus bi
... type gene(s): only haploids carrying different mating type alleles at the mating type locus/loci can successfully mate (see Fig. 1 for two generalized fungal life cycles). In fungi, haploid mating types most likely evolved to prevent same-clone mating (Czárán and Hoekstra, 2004; Billiard et al., 201 ...
... type gene(s): only haploids carrying different mating type alleles at the mating type locus/loci can successfully mate (see Fig. 1 for two generalized fungal life cycles). In fungi, haploid mating types most likely evolved to prevent same-clone mating (Czárán and Hoekstra, 2004; Billiard et al., 201 ...
Curriculum Vitae
... 5. Chung JL, Sun J, Sidney J, Sette A, Peters B. IMMUNOCAT-a data management system for epitope mapping studies. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2010;2010:856842. PMCID: PMC2871663 6. Solomon C, Southwood S, Hoof I, Rudersdorf R, Peters B, Sidney J, Pinilla C, Marcondes MC, Ling B, Marx P, Sette A, Mothé BR. T ...
... 5. Chung JL, Sun J, Sidney J, Sette A, Peters B. IMMUNOCAT-a data management system for epitope mapping studies. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2010;2010:856842. PMCID: PMC2871663 6. Solomon C, Southwood S, Hoof I, Rudersdorf R, Peters B, Sidney J, Pinilla C, Marcondes MC, Ling B, Marx P, Sette A, Mothé BR. T ...
Analysis of the Molecular Basis of Flowering Time Variation in
... even later, suggesting that Kondara and Kz-9 FRI alleles are fully functional and confer very late flowering in the presence of the strong Col FLC allele. Given the identical amino acid sequence, it is likely that the three accessions Shakhdara, Kondara, and Kz-9 carry the same functional FRI allele ...
... even later, suggesting that Kondara and Kz-9 FRI alleles are fully functional and confer very late flowering in the presence of the strong Col FLC allele. Given the identical amino acid sequence, it is likely that the three accessions Shakhdara, Kondara, and Kz-9 carry the same functional FRI allele ...
Parallels between Pathogens and Gluten Peptides in Celiac Sprue
... To cause disease in a susceptible host, infectious pathogens must encounter that host (exposure), overcome barriers to infectivity, access a privileged niche, colonize, and ultimately cause damage to the host either directly, through toxin secretion, or indirectly, through activation of a self-injur ...
... To cause disease in a susceptible host, infectious pathogens must encounter that host (exposure), overcome barriers to infectivity, access a privileged niche, colonize, and ultimately cause damage to the host either directly, through toxin secretion, or indirectly, through activation of a self-injur ...
... residue 57 of HLA-DQB1 could be used in risk assessment of isocyanate-induced asthma. Antigens are seen in the context of MHC gene products, and individual differences may alter the ability of the HLA class II molecules to interact with peptides, and, as a consequence, the nature of T-cell recogniti ...
B antigens A - Cloudfront.net
... Can he accept AB+ blood? No. Both B and Rh antibodies will attack the B and Rh antigens. This will cause the blood cells to clump, thus stopping blood flow. This person may die. ...
... Can he accept AB+ blood? No. Both B and Rh antibodies will attack the B and Rh antigens. This will cause the blood cells to clump, thus stopping blood flow. This person may die. ...
Notes on Population Genetics
... The narrow sense heritability of a trait is a useful quantity, indeed we’ll see shortly that it is exactly what we need to understand the evolutionary response to selection on a quantitative phenotype. We can calculate the narrow sense heritability by using the resemblance between relatives. For exa ...
... The narrow sense heritability of a trait is a useful quantity, indeed we’ll see shortly that it is exactly what we need to understand the evolutionary response to selection on a quantitative phenotype. We can calculate the narrow sense heritability by using the resemblance between relatives. For exa ...
Chemical basis of ABO subgroups
... investigation of the mechanisms behind selected A weak-subgroups and/or A weakphenotypes. A selected number of these were then biologically dissected and immunochemically and structurally investigated in details. Structural analysis of complex carbohydrate compounds is a delicate process where infor ...
... investigation of the mechanisms behind selected A weak-subgroups and/or A weakphenotypes. A selected number of these were then biologically dissected and immunochemically and structurally investigated in details. Structural analysis of complex carbohydrate compounds is a delicate process where infor ...
Introduction of the AmpliChip CYP450 Test to a prospective cohort study
... Background: Adverse drug reactions and lack of therapeutic efficacy associated with currently prescribed pharmacotherapeutics may be attributed, in part, to inter-individual variability in drug metabolism. Studies on the pharmacogenetics of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes offer insight into this varia ...
... Background: Adverse drug reactions and lack of therapeutic efficacy associated with currently prescribed pharmacotherapeutics may be attributed, in part, to inter-individual variability in drug metabolism. Studies on the pharmacogenetics of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes offer insight into this varia ...
Familial idiopathic methemoglobinemia revisited: original
... open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 76 with normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and 38 control subjects. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were used to compare the frequency of the alleles between the subjects with glaucoma and the control subjects and the subjects with glaucoma with vasospasm or migraine. The PC ...
... open-angle glaucoma (POAG), 76 with normal tension glaucoma (NTG), and 38 control subjects. Polymerase chain reactions (PCR) were used to compare the frequency of the alleles between the subjects with glaucoma and the control subjects and the subjects with glaucoma with vasospasm or migraine. The PC ...
Human leukocyte antigen
The human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system is the locus of genes that encode for proteins on the surface of cells that are responsible for regulation of the immune system in humans. This group of genes resides on chromosome 6 (exception: the gene for β2-microglobulin which is located on chromosome 15), and encodes cell-surface antigen-presenting proteins and has many other functions. The HLA genes are the human versions of the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes that are found in most vertebrates (and thus are the most studied of the MHC genes). The proteins encoded by certain genes are also known as antigens, as a result of their historic discovery as factors in organ transplants. The major HLAs are essential elements for immune function. Different classes have different functions:HLAs corresponding to MHC class I (A, B, and C) present peptides from inside the cell. For example, if the cell is infected by a virus, the HLA system brings fragments of the virus to the surface of the cell so that the cell can be destroyed by the immune system. These peptides are produced from digested proteins that are broken down in the proteasomes. In general, these particular peptides are small polymers, about 9 amino acids in length. Foreign antigens presented by MHC class I attract killer T-cells (also called CD8 positive- or cytotoxic T-cells) that destroy cells.HLAs corresponding to MHC class II (DP, DM, DOA, DOB, DQ, and DR) present antigens from outside of the cell to T-lymphocytes. These particular antigens stimulate the multiplication of T-helper cells, which in turn stimulate antibody-producing B-cells to produce antibodies to that specific antigen. Self-antigens are suppressed by regulatory T cells.HLAs corresponding to MHC class III encode components of the complement system.HLAs have other roles. They are important in disease defense. They are the major cause of organ transplant rejections. They may protect against or fail to protect (if down-regulated by an infection) against cancers. Mutations in HLA may be linked to autoimmune disease (examples: type I diabetes, coeliac disease). HLA may also be related to people's perception of the odor of other people, and may be involved in mate selection, as at least one study found a lower-than-expected rate of HLA similarity between spouses in an isolated community.Aside from the genes encoding the 6 major antigen-presenting proteins, there are a large number of other genes, many involved in immune function, located on the HLA complex. Diversity of HLAs in the human population is one aspect of disease defense, and, as a result, the chance of two unrelated individuals with identical HLA molecules on all loci is very low. HLA genes have historically been identified as a result of the ability to successfully transplant organs between HLA-similar individuals.