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Cytoplasm and Cytoskeleton
Biology 4 Honors
Grace Kor
Mery Wang
The Cytosol
Fluid within the cell
70% of cell’s volume
Contains cytoskeleton
Cytosol + Organelles =
Cytoplasm
“cytoplasm matrix”
What does cytosol do?
site of metabolism for
prokaryotes
majority for eukaryotes
glucose (mitochondria can’t use)
→ cytosol →
pyruvate (mitochondria can use)
waste is dissolved here
protects lysosomes
transports material
The Cytoskeleton
Reinforces the cell’s
shape
Made up of proteins:
Microtubules,
Microfilaments,
Intermediate Filaments
Present in both
prokaryotic and eukaryotic
cells
Microtubules in the Cell
Made of tubulin polymers
“Tracks” on which
organelles can navigate
through the cell
Found in centrosomes and
centrioles
Role in cell division
Make up the inner structure
of cilia and flagella in
eukaryotic cells
Intermediate Filaments
Can be made of a variety
of proteins (keratin)
Cell’s support structure
Specialized in bearing
tension
“Sturdy”
Functions in the
anchoring of the nucleus
and other organelles
Microfilaments
thread-like protein fibers
composed of actin
(contractile protein)
responsible for muscle
contraction
carry out cellular
movement (gliding,
contraction, cytokinesis)