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Central dogma
• DNA is made (transcribed) into RNA
• RNA is made (translated) into protein
DNA is made into RNA
• A protein enzyme, polymerase, transcribes
(makes) DNA into RNA.
You will transcribe DNA into RNA today!
RNA made into protein
RNA is genetic material that codes for protein
RNA must contain the correct code to make the
correct protein
Ribozyme
• RNA that acts as an enzyme
• Enzymes speed up a reaction
• Ribozymes cleave (cut) RNA
Splicing
Splice – to join together at the ends
Genes can be cut and pasted together (spliced!)
Why Splice?
Exon 1 Intron
Exon 2
Certain parts of RNA do not code for proteins,
they need to be cut out
Exon – part of gene that codes for protein
Intron – does not code for protein, splice it out!
Splicing
Before splicing
Exon 1 Intron Exon 2
After splicing
Exon 1
Exon 2
Exon –codes for protein
Intron – does not code for protein, splice it out!
Splicing
Before splicing
Exon 1 Intron Exon 2
After splicing
Exon 1
Exon 2
Exon –codes for protein
Intron – does not code for protein, splice it out!
Ready for Protein!
Before splicing
Not ready to be made into protein
After splicing
Ready to be made into protein
Exon –codes for protein
Intron – does not code for protein, splice it out!
Ribozyme
• Ribozymes can splice RNA together
You will be splicing RNA together using a ribozyme
today
What will you do?
• You will transcribe DNA into RNA. This will be
done by incubating the DNA with polymerase,
the enzyme that turns DNA into RNA.
What will you do?
• The RNA that you will make contains a
ribozyme. The ribozyme will splice itself! Each
group will transcribe and splice for a different
amount of time.
Group 1- 5 minutes
Group 2 – 10 minutes
Group 3 – 15 minutes
Group 4 – 20 minutes
What will it look like?