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Guided Notes for Transcription & Translation
(Chapter 8.4-7)
Essential Question: Why is the sequence of nucleotides in DNA molecules so important?
What the three processes
involved in the central
dogma of molecular biology?
In what ways does RNA
differ from DNA? Name at
least two.
Identify and describe the
three types of RNA.
Describe the process of
transcription and explain
why it occurs in the nucleus.
How are the processes of
transcription and replication
similar? How are they
different?
What is a codon?
Describe the function of
start and stop codons.
Which amino acid would be
encoded by the mRNA codon
CGA? GGA? UGG? ACU?
Describe the process of
translation and explain why
it occurs in the cytoplasm.
Describe the relationship
between a codon and a
protein.
Why is regulation of gene
expression important in
eukaryotes?
How do the two types of
gene mutations differ?
Differentiate between gene
duplication and gene
translocation.
Describe a mutation and
explain why it might not
have an effect on the
organism.
Why would a mutation to ta
body cell be unlikely to
affect the offspring of an
organism?