procite - UWI St. Augustine
... asparagine residue is glycosylated, due to the fact that the folding of the protein plays an important role in the regulation of N-glycosylation [2]. It has been shown [3] that the presence of proline between Asn and Ser/Thr will inhibit N-glycosylation; this has been confirmed by a recent [4] stati ...
... asparagine residue is glycosylated, due to the fact that the folding of the protein plays an important role in the regulation of N-glycosylation [2]. It has been shown [3] that the presence of proline between Asn and Ser/Thr will inhibit N-glycosylation; this has been confirmed by a recent [4] stati ...
Microbiology
... Seim, 1998). Carnitine and acylcarnitines are primarily absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine, where they are actively transported into enterocytes and diffuse past the serosal membrane into the circulatory system so they can then be transported into all other cells (Marciani et al., 1991; ...
... Seim, 1998). Carnitine and acylcarnitines are primarily absorbed from the lumen of the small intestine, where they are actively transported into enterocytes and diffuse past the serosal membrane into the circulatory system so they can then be transported into all other cells (Marciani et al., 1991; ...
Towards functional effects of polyphenols : modulation of energy
... A diet rich in fruits and vegetables contains high levels of polyphenols (up to 1 gram per day). Epidemiological studies suggest that a high dietary intake of selected polyphenols can be protective against development of cardiovascular heart diseases in humans. In addition, mechanistic studies demon ...
... A diet rich in fruits and vegetables contains high levels of polyphenols (up to 1 gram per day). Epidemiological studies suggest that a high dietary intake of selected polyphenols can be protective against development of cardiovascular heart diseases in humans. In addition, mechanistic studies demon ...
The complete nucleotide sequence of the tryptophan operon of
... the amino terminal half corresponding to the monofunctional trpC polypeptide of other organisms and catalyzing the indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthetase reaction, and the d i s t a l half analogous to trpF polypeptides and catalyzing the isomerization of phosphoribosylanthranilate (42-44). The trpE ...
... the amino terminal half corresponding to the monofunctional trpC polypeptide of other organisms and catalyzing the indole-3-glycerol phosphate synthetase reaction, and the d i s t a l half analogous to trpF polypeptides and catalyzing the isomerization of phosphoribosylanthranilate (42-44). The trpE ...
Fatty Acid-Mediated Quorum Sensing Systems Stenotrophomonas maltophilia DOCTORAL THESIS
... 3.7.7 Extraction and analysis of total cellular fatty acids ....................................... 39 3.8 DSF extraction, detection and quantification. ................................................. 40 3.8.1 Colony and supernatant DSF bioassay .................................................... ...
... 3.7.7 Extraction and analysis of total cellular fatty acids ....................................... 39 3.8 DSF extraction, detection and quantification. ................................................. 40 3.8.1 Colony and supernatant DSF bioassay .................................................... ...
Regulation of the phosphotransferase system (PTS)
... It blocks the first step of glycolysis and directs the glucose-derived carbon flux towards the NADPHproducing pentose phosphate pathway. However, despite that C. glutamicum Δpgi grows well with sucrose as a sole carbon source, addition of glucose arrests growth by causing repression of ptsS, encodin ...
... It blocks the first step of glycolysis and directs the glucose-derived carbon flux towards the NADPHproducing pentose phosphate pathway. However, despite that C. glutamicum Δpgi grows well with sucrose as a sole carbon source, addition of glucose arrests growth by causing repression of ptsS, encodin ...
Carnitine metabolism and biosynthesis in yeast Saccharomyces
... Carnitine plays an essential role in eukaryotic metabolism by mediating the shuttling of activated acyl residues between intracellular compartments. This function of carnitine, referred to as the carnitine shuttle, is supported by the activities of carnitine acyltransferases and carnitine/acylcarnit ...
... Carnitine plays an essential role in eukaryotic metabolism by mediating the shuttling of activated acyl residues between intracellular compartments. This function of carnitine, referred to as the carnitine shuttle, is supported by the activities of carnitine acyltransferases and carnitine/acylcarnit ...
Molecular characterization of a cluster of at least two
... and it has been found that all these genes are closely related to each other. In the case of S. mutans GS5 the gtfB and gtfC genes, but not the gtfD gene, lie in close proximity to one another (Perry & Kuramitsu, 1990). We have recently reported the isolation of GTF-I- and GTF-S-positive clones from ...
... and it has been found that all these genes are closely related to each other. In the case of S. mutans GS5 the gtfB and gtfC genes, but not the gtfD gene, lie in close proximity to one another (Perry & Kuramitsu, 1990). We have recently reported the isolation of GTF-I- and GTF-S-positive clones from ...
Molecular characterization of a cluster of at least two
... and it has been found that all these genes are closely related to each other. In the case of S. mutans GS5 the gtfB and gtfC genes, but not the gtfD gene, lie in close proximity to one another (Perry & Kuramitsu, 1990). We have recently reported the isolation of GTF-I- and GTF-S-positive clones from ...
... and it has been found that all these genes are closely related to each other. In the case of S. mutans GS5 the gtfB and gtfC genes, but not the gtfD gene, lie in close proximity to one another (Perry & Kuramitsu, 1990). We have recently reported the isolation of GTF-I- and GTF-S-positive clones from ...
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences (IOSR-JPBS)
... play important role in the development of gastric diseases such as chronic gastric inflammation, ulcerative peptic diseases, gastric cancer and MALT-lymphoma [1]. There are many virulence factors for H. pylori colonization and infection but CagA is one of the most studied virulence of H. pylori. Thi ...
... play important role in the development of gastric diseases such as chronic gastric inflammation, ulcerative peptic diseases, gastric cancer and MALT-lymphoma [1]. There are many virulence factors for H. pylori colonization and infection but CagA is one of the most studied virulence of H. pylori. Thi ...
Catabolism and biotechnological applications of cholesterol
... according to its physiological relevance, an imbalance in its blood level causes serious diseases in humans. Cholesterol is frequently found in the biosphere, not only because of its natural abundance, but also due to its high resistance to microbial degradation. Cholesterol is a recalcitrant molecu ...
... according to its physiological relevance, an imbalance in its blood level causes serious diseases in humans. Cholesterol is frequently found in the biosphere, not only because of its natural abundance, but also due to its high resistance to microbial degradation. Cholesterol is a recalcitrant molecu ...
Chapter 4 - University of Amsterdam
... long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol to mitochondria as well as the transfer of the products of peroxisomal β-oxidation, i.e. shortened fatty acids and acetyl units to the mitochondria. Additional (related) roles of carnitine include modulation of the acylCoA/CoA ratio, storage of energy (in the ...
... long-chain fatty acids from the cytosol to mitochondria as well as the transfer of the products of peroxisomal β-oxidation, i.e. shortened fatty acids and acetyl units to the mitochondria. Additional (related) roles of carnitine include modulation of the acylCoA/CoA ratio, storage of energy (in the ...
Identification and first characterization of pairing
... http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs115/en), while approximately 800 million are at risk (Ross et al., 2012). Besides the resulting and underestimated socio economic importance (King, 2010), schistosomes are also of basic economic relevance as they can infect animals as well (Quack et al., 2 ...
... http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs115/en), while approximately 800 million are at risk (Ross et al., 2012). Besides the resulting and underestimated socio economic importance (King, 2010), schistosomes are also of basic economic relevance as they can infect animals as well (Quack et al., 2 ...
PRODUCTION OF PYRUVATE AND LACTATE BY
... High costs of chemical synthesis have prevented the extensive use of pyruvate and lactate for many applications (Li et al. 2001). Fermentation processes using microorganisms have been developed to produce high concentrations of pyruvate and lactate. Metabolic engineering and traditional strategies ...
... High costs of chemical synthesis have prevented the extensive use of pyruvate and lactate for many applications (Li et al. 2001). Fermentation processes using microorganisms have been developed to produce high concentrations of pyruvate and lactate. Metabolic engineering and traditional strategies ...
Xenopus Spinal Neurons Express Kv2 Potassium Channel
... brain cDNA library with pXb3 and pXb4 probes identifies two clones, initially called XShab9 and XShabl2, which contain fulllength coding sequences. XShab9 has a 3.2 kb insert that includes 2628 bp of coding region (Fig. L4), 153 bp of .5’-UTR, and 428 bp of 3’.UTR. XShab12 is a 5.4 kb clone that con ...
... brain cDNA library with pXb3 and pXb4 probes identifies two clones, initially called XShab9 and XShabl2, which contain fulllength coding sequences. XShab9 has a 3.2 kb insert that includes 2628 bp of coding region (Fig. L4), 153 bp of .5’-UTR, and 428 bp of 3’.UTR. XShab12 is a 5.4 kb clone that con ...
Vanillin formation from ferulic acid in Vanilla planifolia is catalysed
... of natural vanilla1, although trace amounts of vanillin can be found in a variety of different plant species scattered in the plant kingdom2. Vanillin (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) is the main flavour component of vanilla extract from cured vanilla pods1,3. In high concentrations vanillin is toxi ...
... of natural vanilla1, although trace amounts of vanillin can be found in a variety of different plant species scattered in the plant kingdom2. Vanillin (3-methoxy-4-hydroxybenzaldehyde) is the main flavour component of vanilla extract from cured vanilla pods1,3. In high concentrations vanillin is toxi ...
c12) United States Patent - Rice Scholarship Home
... (Lopez de Felipe et a!., 1998). Other previous efforts to manipulate NADH levels have included the addition of electron dye carriers (Park and Zeikus, 1999) and the variation of oxidoreduction potential conditions (Riondet eta!., 2000). The effective regeneration of used co factors is critical in in ...
... (Lopez de Felipe et a!., 1998). Other previous efforts to manipulate NADH levels have included the addition of electron dye carriers (Park and Zeikus, 1999) and the variation of oxidoreduction potential conditions (Riondet eta!., 2000). The effective regeneration of used co factors is critical in in ...
Analysis of the Arabidopsis rsr4-1/pdx1
... sterile culture on minimal medium (Figures 2F to 2H). Surprisingly, addition of different vitamins to the medium revealed that this phenotype was fully complemented by the provision of pyridoxine to the mutant. This effect was specific to pyridoxine since all other vitamins tested were ineffective i ...
... sterile culture on minimal medium (Figures 2F to 2H). Surprisingly, addition of different vitamins to the medium revealed that this phenotype was fully complemented by the provision of pyridoxine to the mutant. This effect was specific to pyridoxine since all other vitamins tested were ineffective i ...
Eram_SeyedMohammad - UWSpace
... neapolitana, and P. furiosus) had the highest AHAS activity at nearly neutral pH, but the ones without ilv operon still had some residual AHAS activity mostly at a higher pH value (pH 10.5). It was shown that the cell-free extracts of T. maritima can catalyze the non-oxidative decarboxylation of the ...
... neapolitana, and P. furiosus) had the highest AHAS activity at nearly neutral pH, but the ones without ilv operon still had some residual AHAS activity mostly at a higher pH value (pH 10.5). It was shown that the cell-free extracts of T. maritima can catalyze the non-oxidative decarboxylation of the ...
Auxin biology in roots
... are always affected by various environmental stimuli such as gravity, temperature, and drought. In addition, they sometimes interact with other organisms. Because plants cannot move like animals, they have to critically monitor the surrounding environment and adapt to it by constantly changing their ...
... are always affected by various environmental stimuli such as gravity, temperature, and drought. In addition, they sometimes interact with other organisms. Because plants cannot move like animals, they have to critically monitor the surrounding environment and adapt to it by constantly changing their ...
Analysis and engineering of acetyl
... Finally, microbial and enzyme-based catalysis offers access to an enormoffs range of knofln and yet to be discofiered molecffles flith potential applications in the pharmacefftical, food, chemical and fffels indffstries. he cffrrent lofl price of fossil feedstocks makes it dif cfflt for biotechnological process ...
... Finally, microbial and enzyme-based catalysis offers access to an enormoffs range of knofln and yet to be discofiered molecffles flith potential applications in the pharmacefftical, food, chemical and fffels indffstries. he cffrrent lofl price of fossil feedstocks makes it dif cfflt for biotechnological process ...
Mechanisms underlying inhibition of muscle disuse
... mammals, muscle disuse atrophy has been associated with oxidative damage due to increased mitochondrial ROS production. C. alboguttata reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration by approximately 50% following four months of aestivation, while mitochondrial ROS production was more than 80% lo ...
... mammals, muscle disuse atrophy has been associated with oxidative damage due to increased mitochondrial ROS production. C. alboguttata reduced skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiration by approximately 50% following four months of aestivation, while mitochondrial ROS production was more than 80% lo ...
Fast evolutionary rates associated with functional loss in class I
... to glycolysis in the presence of glucose immediately after invading the human host. This metabolic switch is dependent on extracellular glucose concentration. Four glucose transporters are encoded in the genome of S. mansoni, however, only two were shown to facilitate glucose diffusion. Results: By ...
... to glycolysis in the presence of glucose immediately after invading the human host. This metabolic switch is dependent on extracellular glucose concentration. Four glucose transporters are encoded in the genome of S. mansoni, however, only two were shown to facilitate glucose diffusion. Results: By ...
Complete genome sequence of the prototype lactic acid bacterium
... of the resulting products, was used to close the remaining 800 gaps, in combination with inverse PCR for the gaps for which no linkage information could be obtained. To verify the complete assembly, PCRs predicted to be separated by 9 kb were performed on the genome, covering the entire genome with ...
... of the resulting products, was used to close the remaining 800 gaps, in combination with inverse PCR for the gaps for which no linkage information could be obtained. To verify the complete assembly, PCRs predicted to be separated by 9 kb were performed on the genome, covering the entire genome with ...
Auxin: Regulation, Action, and Interaction
... the pathways is yet defined to the level of knowing each relevant gene, enzyme, and intermediate. Plant genes implicated in IAA biosynthesis are listed in Table 1, and the reactions catalysed by the encoded enzymes are illustrated in Fig. 2. Plants use both tryptophan (Trp)-dependent and Trp-indepen ...
... the pathways is yet defined to the level of knowing each relevant gene, enzyme, and intermediate. Plant genes implicated in IAA biosynthesis are listed in Table 1, and the reactions catalysed by the encoded enzymes are illustrated in Fig. 2. Plants use both tryptophan (Trp)-dependent and Trp-indepen ...
Gene regulatory network
A gene regulatory network or genetic regulatory network (GRN) is a collection of regulators thatinteract with each other and with other substances in the cell to govern the gene expression levels of mRNA and proteins.The regulator can be DNA, RNA, protein and their complex. The interaction can be direct or indirect (through their transcribed RNA or translated protein).In general, each mRNA molecule goes on to make a specific protein (or set of proteins). In some cases this protein will be structural, and will accumulate at the cell membrane or within the cell to give it particular structural properties. In other cases the protein will be an enzyme, i.e., a micro-machine that catalyses a certain reaction, such as the breakdown of a food source or toxin. Some proteins though serve only to activate other genes, and these are the transcription factors that are the main players in regulatory networks or cascades. By binding to the promoter region at the start of other genes they turn them on, initiating the production of another protein, and so on. Some transcription factors are inhibitory.In single-celled organisms, regulatory networks respond to the external environment, optimising the cell at a given time for survival in this environment. Thus a yeast cell, finding itself in a sugar solution, will turn on genes to make enzymes that process the sugar to alcohol. This process, which we associate with wine-making, is how the yeast cell makes its living, gaining energy to multiply, which under normal circumstances would enhance its survival prospects.In multicellular animals the same principle has been put in the service of gene cascades that control body-shape. Each time a cell divides, two cells result which, although they contain the same genome in full, can differ in which genes are turned on and making proteins. Sometimes a 'self-sustaining feedback loop' ensures that a cell maintains its identity and passes it on. Less understood is the mechanism of epigenetics by which chromatin modification may provide cellular memory by blocking or allowing transcription. A major feature of multicellular animals is the use of morphogen gradients, which in effect provide a positioning system that tells a cell where in the body it is, and hence what sort of cell to become. A gene that is turned on in one cell may make a product that leaves the cell and diffuses through adjacent cells, entering them and turning on genes only when it is present above a certain threshold level. These cells are thus induced into a new fate, and may even generate other morphogens that signal back to the original cell. Over longer distances morphogens may use the active process of signal transduction. Such signalling controls embryogenesis, the building of a body plan from scratch through a series of sequential steps. They also control and maintain adult bodies through feedback processes, and the loss of such feedback because of a mutation can be responsible for the cell proliferation that is seen in cancer. In parallel with this process of building structure, the gene cascade turns on genes that make structural proteins that give each cell the physical properties it needs.It has been suggested that, because biological molecular interactions are intrinsically stochastic, gene networks are the result of cellular processes and not their cause (i.e. cellular Darwinism). However, recent experimental evidence has favored the attractor view of cell fates.