Download Study Guide: The Cell

Chapter 13 Test Study Guide
RNA and Protein Synthesis
1. Compare and contrast DNA and RNA.
2. What are the three types of RNA are and their functions?
3. Differentiate between transcription and translation?
4. What is a promoter?
5. Where does transcription occur in prokaryotic cells? Where does it occur in
eukaryotic cells?
6. What is the role of RNA polymerase in transcription?
7. Describe the steps of transcription?
8. Compare and contrast introns and exons.
9. How many nucleotides code for an amino acid? What is this specific number
of consecutive bases called?
10. What makes methionine a special amino acid?
11. Describe the steps of translation?
12. ________________________ are made by joining ___________________________ together
into long chains, called ___________________________.
13. What is an anticodon?
14. What is a gene mutation? List and describe the 3 types of gene mutations.
15. What is a chromosomal mutation? List and describe the 4 types of
chromosomal mutations.
16. What are the ways in which mutations can occur?
17. What is a mutagen?
18. What is a frame-shift mutation?
19. Describe polyploidy plants? Provide an example.
20. What is the central dogma of molecular biology?
21. Define gene expression.
22. Make sure that you know how to transcribe a DNA sequence to the proper
RNA sequence.
23. Make sure that you know how to read the codons on an mRNA strand to
translate it into the correct sequence of amino acids.
24. Make sure that you know how to use the amino acid circular table.
25. Make sure that you are comfortable with the Chapter 13 vocabulary
and definitions!!!