The strange ecosystem of hydrothermal vents Nation Taiwan Ocean
... detergent industries. They act as catalysts to break down fats, wood etc, as well as DNA and operate in organic solvents. The most commonly used DNA polymerase in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction – a technique used to amplify and clone DNA) is Taq DNA polymerase, isolated from Thermus aquatics, a bact ...
... detergent industries. They act as catalysts to break down fats, wood etc, as well as DNA and operate in organic solvents. The most commonly used DNA polymerase in PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction – a technique used to amplify and clone DNA) is Taq DNA polymerase, isolated from Thermus aquatics, a bact ...
Authigenic iron oxide proxies for marine zinc over
... Here, we explore enrichments in paleomarine Zn as recorded by authigenic iron oxides including Precambrian iron formations, ironstones, and Phanerozoic hydrothermal exhalites. This compilation of new and literature-based iron formation analyses track dissolved Zn abundances and constrain the magnitu ...
... Here, we explore enrichments in paleomarine Zn as recorded by authigenic iron oxides including Precambrian iron formations, ironstones, and Phanerozoic hydrothermal exhalites. This compilation of new and literature-based iron formation analyses track dissolved Zn abundances and constrain the magnitu ...
Experiments With Portable Ocean Bottom - OBSIP
... the IICs met for the afternoon to discuss their experiences with the facilities and make recommendations for the future. The main objective was to discuss what has worked well and what has been problematic during experiments serviced by OBSIP over the past decade, focusing on improvements to procedu ...
... the IICs met for the afternoon to discuss their experiences with the facilities and make recommendations for the future. The main objective was to discuss what has worked well and what has been problematic during experiments serviced by OBSIP over the past decade, focusing on improvements to procedu ...
Modeling of methane flows in the atmosphere resulting from seabed
... because methane intensively absorbs the Earths heat radiation. According to modern ideas of the global warming mechanisms of the atmosphere due to the greenhouse effect, methane is responsible for 15 % of the increase in the mean temperature. However, a potential contribution of methane to the clima ...
... because methane intensively absorbs the Earths heat radiation. According to modern ideas of the global warming mechanisms of the atmosphere due to the greenhouse effect, methane is responsible for 15 % of the increase in the mean temperature. However, a potential contribution of methane to the clima ...
Terra Nova 2012 Jagoutz
... the melt is dependent on the pressure of melting, with high pressure melts have high Na concentration. The K concentration of the melts however are largely dependent on the source composition and the degree of melting (Moyen and Stevens, 2006). In Fig. 1, the Na ⁄ K systematics of partial melting ex ...
... the melt is dependent on the pressure of melting, with high pressure melts have high Na concentration. The K concentration of the melts however are largely dependent on the source composition and the degree of melting (Moyen and Stevens, 2006). In Fig. 1, the Na ⁄ K systematics of partial melting ex ...
circumpolar cooperation at the arctic council`s iqaluit ministerial 2015
... Growing the Arctic extractive industry will necessarily advance the climate crisis because its root cause is carbon consumption. The Iqaluit Declaration 2015 acknowledges “that reducing greenhouse gas emissions continues to be the most important contribution to addressing global and Arctic climate c ...
... Growing the Arctic extractive industry will necessarily advance the climate crisis because its root cause is carbon consumption. The Iqaluit Declaration 2015 acknowledges “that reducing greenhouse gas emissions continues to be the most important contribution to addressing global and Arctic climate c ...
Lytic viral infection of bacterioplankton in deep
... ocean, viruses influence host mortality and nutrient recycling mainly through lytic infection. Yet, the ecological characteristics of virioplankton and viral impacts on host mortality and biogeochemical cycling in the deep sea are largely unknown. In the present study, viral abundance and lytic infe ...
... ocean, viruses influence host mortality and nutrient recycling mainly through lytic infection. Yet, the ecological characteristics of virioplankton and viral impacts on host mortality and biogeochemical cycling in the deep sea are largely unknown. In the present study, viral abundance and lytic infe ...
Garzione, C. N., P. Molnar, J. C. Libarkin, and B, MacFadden (2006), Rapid Late Miocene rise
... transition and relatively high P-wave speeds below the central Altiplano and Subandean zone [30,31]. These studies suggest that virtually all of the mantle lithosphere below the eastern Altiplano and western part of the Eastern Cordillera has been removed, which is consistent with high 3He/4He ratio ...
... transition and relatively high P-wave speeds below the central Altiplano and Subandean zone [30,31]. These studies suggest that virtually all of the mantle lithosphere below the eastern Altiplano and western part of the Eastern Cordillera has been removed, which is consistent with high 3He/4He ratio ...
Chapter 8: Atmospheric Circulation and Pressure Distributions
... • Warm and wet winters in Europe and in cold and dry winters in northern Canada and Greenland • The eastern US experiences mild and wet winter ...
... • Warm and wet winters in Europe and in cold and dry winters in northern Canada and Greenland • The eastern US experiences mild and wet winter ...
F-FOFM Report
... GEBCO’ is being distributed monthly, recycling the press releases for those who attended or were invited to the Forum. The strapline ‘Towards Seabed 2030’ is being added with the GEBCO logo to all printed material. ...
... GEBCO’ is being distributed monthly, recycling the press releases for those who attended or were invited to the Forum. The strapline ‘Towards Seabed 2030’ is being added with the GEBCO logo to all printed material. ...
Calcium isotopic composition of high-latitude
... temperature sensitivity of 0.02‰ per 1◦ C for cultured planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa, and seven planktonic foraminifera species taken from core-top sediments, respectively. Moreover, Böhm et al. (2006) found the temperature sensitivity for cultured and open ocean scleractinian corals to ...
... temperature sensitivity of 0.02‰ per 1◦ C for cultured planktonic foraminifera Orbulina universa, and seven planktonic foraminifera species taken from core-top sediments, respectively. Moreover, Böhm et al. (2006) found the temperature sensitivity for cultured and open ocean scleractinian corals to ...
Hafnium isotope fractionation during continental weathering
... due to the fact that hydrothermal contributions of Hf have so far not been measured, and also because there are still no isotopic measurements of truly dissolved versus colloidal Hf isotopes in seawater [e.g., Bau and Koschinsky, 2006]. In addition, Hf isotope data on rivers that directly supply the ...
... due to the fact that hydrothermal contributions of Hf have so far not been measured, and also because there are still no isotopic measurements of truly dissolved versus colloidal Hf isotopes in seawater [e.g., Bau and Koschinsky, 2006]. In addition, Hf isotope data on rivers that directly supply the ...
Report - INCOIS
... The Chairman of the Mauritius Oceanography Institute (MOI), Mr. Harry Ganoo, opened the Conference. He welcomed the participants to Mauritius in his own name and in that of the Director of the MOI, Dr Ranadhir Mukhopadhyay. Mr. Ganoo’s statement is given in Annex 1a. Mr. Ganoo then invited the Execu ...
... The Chairman of the Mauritius Oceanography Institute (MOI), Mr. Harry Ganoo, opened the Conference. He welcomed the participants to Mauritius in his own name and in that of the Director of the MOI, Dr Ranadhir Mukhopadhyay. Mr. Ganoo’s statement is given in Annex 1a. Mr. Ganoo then invited the Execu ...
The Impact of Submesoscale Physics on Primary Productivity of
... timescales on which they transport or change properties are similar to those of phytoplankton growth. The factors that modulate the growth of phytoplankton are complex, depending on the species and their physiological characteristics. But broadly, and for the purposes of this discussion, light and n ...
... timescales on which they transport or change properties are similar to those of phytoplankton growth. The factors that modulate the growth of phytoplankton are complex, depending on the species and their physiological characteristics. But broadly, and for the purposes of this discussion, light and n ...
The Marine Nitrogen Cycle: Overview and Challenges
... the dark interior ocean (aphotic zone). There, it is remineralized back to its inorganic forms. Finally, these inorganic forms are transported back to the euphotic zone by ocean circulation and mixing, where they can fuel new growth. This coupling between biological and physical processes thus forms ...
... the dark interior ocean (aphotic zone). There, it is remineralized back to its inorganic forms. Finally, these inorganic forms are transported back to the euphotic zone by ocean circulation and mixing, where they can fuel new growth. This coupling between biological and physical processes thus forms ...
Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO: annual
... Facilitate science related to ocean and coastal resource management.......................................................................................................................................................54 Facilitate the development and adoption of standards .......................... ...
... Facilitate science related to ocean and coastal resource management.......................................................................................................................................................54 Facilitate the development and adoption of standards .......................... ...
Deep-Sea Life
... remains limited, but when treated synoptically, a diversity of supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural services becomes apparent. The biological pump transports carbon from the atmosphere into deep-ocean water masses that are separated over prolonged periods, reducing the impact of anthrop ...
... remains limited, but when treated synoptically, a diversity of supporting, provisioning, regulating and cultural services becomes apparent. The biological pump transports carbon from the atmosphere into deep-ocean water masses that are separated over prolonged periods, reducing the impact of anthrop ...
The Effect of Milankovitch Variations in Insolation on Equatorial
... 1992) have forced a two-dimensional energy balance model with insolation forcing varied to represent the ...
... 1992) have forced a two-dimensional energy balance model with insolation forcing varied to represent the ...
Microbial eukaryotic distribution in a dynamic Beaufort Sea and the
... organisms suggest that the Arctic is an ideal environment to test hypothesis of endemism in single-celled planktonic groups. Here, we investigate the distribution of phylotypes of small protists identified by their 18S rRNA gene. We constructed nine new clone libraries from three different water mas ...
... organisms suggest that the Arctic is an ideal environment to test hypothesis of endemism in single-celled planktonic groups. Here, we investigate the distribution of phylotypes of small protists identified by their 18S rRNA gene. We constructed nine new clone libraries from three different water mas ...
3 Types of Metamorphism
... • Rocks are metamorphosed over large areas that are the size of many states or even several countries ...
... • Rocks are metamorphosed over large areas that are the size of many states or even several countries ...
Multipurpose Acoustic Networks in the Integrated Arctic Ocean
... (Maslanik et al., 2011; NRC, 2012). Atmospheric warming is a dominant force in the melting of ice, but melting by warming from underlying water masses is also possible. A 100 – 200 m thick surface layer of low-salinity, cold water protects the ice cover from more extensive melting by the warmer unde ...
... (Maslanik et al., 2011; NRC, 2012). Atmospheric warming is a dominant force in the melting of ice, but melting by warming from underlying water masses is also possible. A 100 – 200 m thick surface layer of low-salinity, cold water protects the ice cover from more extensive melting by the warmer unde ...
Stories in IPRC Climate
... were dropped into water within 25 meters of each other, their path toward shore varied greatly as shown by how far apart they washed up along the shore.” He adds, “We learned a lot about the technical difficulties in conducting the experiment, and it gives us new ideas about what to try next.” ...
... were dropped into water within 25 meters of each other, their path toward shore varied greatly as shown by how far apart they washed up along the shore.” He adds, “We learned a lot about the technical difficulties in conducting the experiment, and it gives us new ideas about what to try next.” ...
The High Seas and Us
... ecosystem on Earth comprising 1.3 billion km3 of water. It comprises more than 90% of the habitable space for life on the planet (Angel, 1993) and yet it is the most poorly understood of all the Earth’s ecosystems. For example, an estimated 91% of marine species are still to be discovered (Mora et a ...
... ecosystem on Earth comprising 1.3 billion km3 of water. It comprises more than 90% of the habitable space for life on the planet (Angel, 1993) and yet it is the most poorly understood of all the Earth’s ecosystems. For example, an estimated 91% of marine species are still to be discovered (Mora et a ...
Ocean acidification
Ocean acidification is the ongoing decrease in the pH of the Earth's oceans, caused by the uptake of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. An estimated 30–40% of the carbon dioxide from human activity released into the atmosphere dissolves into oceans, rivers and lakes. To achieve chemical equilibrium, some of it reacts with the water to form carbonic acid. Some of these extra carbonic acid molecules react with a water molecule to give a bicarbonate ion and a hydronium ion, thus increasing ocean acidity (H+ ion concentration). Between 1751 and 1994 surface ocean pH is estimated to have decreased from approximately 8.25 to 8.14, representing an increase of almost 30% in H+ ion concentration in the world's oceans. Since current and projected ocean pH levels are above 7.0, the oceans are technically alkaline now and will remain so; referring to this effect as ""decreasing ocean alkalinity"" would be equally correct if less politically useful. Earth System Models project that within the last decade ocean acidity exceeded historical analogs and in combination with other ocean biogeochemical changes could undermine the functioning of marine ecosystems and disrupt the provision of many goods and services associated with the ocean.Increasing acidity is thought to have a range of possibly harmful consequences, such as depressing metabolic rates and immune responses in some organisms, and causing coral bleaching. This also causes decreasing oxygen levels as it kills off algae.Other chemical reactions are triggered which result in a net decrease in the amount of carbonate ions available. This makes it more difficult for marine calcifying organisms, such as coral and some plankton, to form biogenic calcium carbonate, and such structures become vulnerable to dissolution. Ongoing acidification of the oceans threatens food chains connected with the oceans. As members of the InterAcademy Panel, 105 science academies have issued a statement on ocean acidification recommending that by 2050, global CO2 emissions be reduced by at least 50% compared to the 1990 level.Ocean acidification has been called the ""evil twin of global warming"" and ""the other CO2 problem"".Ocean acidification has occurred previously in Earth's history. The most notable example is the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), which occurred approximately 56 million years ago. For reasons that are currently uncertain, massive amounts of carbon entered the ocean and atmosphere, and led to the dissolution of carbonate sediments in all ocean basins.