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8.2
Reading Guide Questions for Chapter 8.2 (pp. 201- 210)
Cell Growth and Reproduction
Cell Size Limitations (p. 201)
Diffusion Limits Cell Size
1. What are the two objectives of this section according to the section preview?
2. The plasma membrane allows ________________ to enter a cell and ________________ to
leave a cell. These substances move by ________________.
3. What happens to the rate of diffusion when the distance to travel becomes larger?
DNA Limits Cell Size (p. 202)
4. DNA controls the production of ___________________, which are involved in most cell
functions.
5. There is a limit to how _________________ DNA can be copied and translated into
___________.
6. The giant amoeba in Figure 8.8 is considered a large cell at several millimeters in diameter. It
can have up to 1000 nuclei. What is the benefit of having so many nuclei?
7. From the 1st paragraph on page 202, write the sentence that explains the importance of
proteins to the cell.
Surface area-to-volume ratio (pp. 202-203)
8. What happens to surface area and volume as a cell’s size increases?
9. If a cell doubles in size, it’s volume increases by a factor of ______ but it’s surface area only
increases by a factor of _______. What will happen to the cell?
10. Looking at Figure 8.9. What is the surface area of the largest cube (# of sides x length x
width)? What is the volume (length x width x height)?
11. Estimate how many small cubes (1mm) would be needed to fill the largest cube (4mm).
12. In summary, what 3 factors limit cell size?
13. Using the cubes in Figure 8.9 as models, describe how cells are affected by their size?
Cell Reproduction (p. 203)
The Discovery of chromosomes
14. Identify and explain two reasons why cell division is needed.
15. What are chromosomes?
The Discovery of chromosomes (p. 204)
16. What is chromatin?
17. Using Figure 8.10, draw and label the chromosome
The Cell Cycle (p. 204)
18. What is the cell cycle?
19. In the cell cycle the period of growth is called ____________________ and the period of
division is called _______________________.
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Interphase: A Busy Time (p. 206)
20. Identify and describe the 3 parts of interphase. Using Figure 8.11, which is the longest part?
The Phases of Mitosis (p. 206)
21. When will a cell go through mitosis?
Prophase: The first phase of mitosis (p. 206-208)
22. Prophase is the _______________ and ___________________ phase of mitosis.
23. What happens to the chromatin during prophase?
24. The 2 halves of the chromosome are called ______________________________.
25. What holds the 2 halves of a chromosome together?
26. What happens to the nucleus during prophase?
27. Describe the structure and function of the centrioles.
28. In late prophase the centrioles _________________ to opposite ends of the cell.
29. What is the spindle? What does it do during mitosis?
Metaphase: The second phase of mitosis (p. 208)
30. What part of the double chromosomes attach to the spindle?
31. What happens during metaphase?
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32. Why is the arrangement of sister chromatids to spindle fibers so important?
Anaphase: The third phase of mitosis (p. 208)
33. What occurs during anaphase?
Telophase: The fourth phase of mitosis (p. 209)
34. What major changes happen in telophase?
Cytokinesis (p. 209)
35.What is cytokinesis?
36. When does cytokinesis occur?
37. In your own words, why does cytokinesis differ in plant cells?
Results of Mitosis (p. 210)
38. Mitosis guarantees _____________ _________________ by producing two new cells that are
___________________ to the parent cell.
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