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Loeffler & Hart: Introduction to Human Disease, Sixth Edition
Chapter 9 – Test Bank
Multiple Choice
1. The right side of the heart receives _____________ blood from the venae cavae and
pumps it through the ___________ pressure pulmonary system.
A.
B.
C.
D.
Oxygenated, high
Oxygenated, low
Deoxygenated, high
Deoxygenated, low
Ans: D
2. The electrical pathway followed to produce myocardial contraction follows which path:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Atrioventricular node, interventricular septum, sinoatrial node
Interventricular septum, atrioventricular node, sinoatrial node
Sinoatrial node, atrioventricular node, interventricular septum
Sinoatrial node, interventricular septum, atrioventricular node
Ans: C
3. Which of the following indicates the most damage to the heart?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Infarction
Ischemia
Injury
Arrhythmias
Ans: A
4. A 68-year-old male presents with congestive heart failure. Which of the following
assessments would be unlikely?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Crackles heard on auscultation
Dull sound when the chest is percussed
Shortness of breath
Pitting edema of the lower extremities
All of the above are likely
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Loeffler & Hart: Introduction to Human Disease, Sixth Edition
Chapter 9 – Test Bank
Ans: E
5. Atrial fibrillation is an arrhythmia that puts a patient at risk for which of the following?
I. Cerebrovascular accident
II. Congestive heart failure
III. Chest pain
IV. Dizziness
A.
B.
C.
D.
I and II
III and IV
I, II, and III
All of the above
Ans: D
6. During a well-baby check, the mother of a 6-month old boy expresses her concern that he
is very lethargic, will not cry except when he is extremely uncomfortable, and turns blue
immediately upon exertion. What is the most likely explanation?
A. The baby is severely anemic.
B. The baby has a heart defect which directs blood from the left to the right side of the
heart.
C. The baby has coarctation of the aorta.
D. The baby has a heart defect which directs blood from the right to the left side of the
heart.
E. The baby has an atrial septal defect.
Ans: D
7. Which of the following tests assesses blood flow through the heart?
A. Electrocardiogram
B. Doppler echocardiogram
C. Coronary angiography
D. Cardiac catheterization
E. Stress test
Ans: B
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Loeffler & Hart: Introduction to Human Disease, Sixth Edition
Chapter 9 – Test Bank
8. A baby is born with a bicuspid valve. Which of the following is least likely to occur?
A. Infective endocarditis
B. Aortic stenosis
C. Left ventricular hypertrophy
D. Cor pulmonale
E. Eventual valve replacement
Ans: D
9. A 58-year-old man is taken to the hospital following sudden onset of severe, crushing,
sub-sternal chest pain. A diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction is made on the basis of
his electrocardiogram and serum enzyme elevations. Despite appropriate treatment, he
dies 2 hours after entering the hospital. The most likely immediate cause of death is:
A. Arrhythmia
B. Congestive heart failure
C. Rupture of the myocardium
D. Stroke
E. Extension of the infarct
Ans: A
10. Myocardial infarction can present as all of the following except
A. Severe, substernal, radiating chest pain
B. Fatigue and shortness of breath
C. Sudden death
D. Congestive heart failure
E. Cyanotic heart disease
Ans: E
11. How does a myocardial infarct heal?
A. Hypertrophy
B. Aneurysmal dilatation
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Loeffler & Hart: Introduction to Human Disease, Sixth Edition
Chapter 9 – Test Bank
C. Scar tissue formation
D. Thrombotic plug over damaged tissue.
E. Regeneration of myocytes
Ans: C
12. A 54-year-old woman carries a diagnosis of mitral regurgitation. She grew up in a remote
village in a developing country without access to medical clinics and had several
episodes of sore throat as a child. What is the most likely cause of her mitral valve
disease?
A. Rupture of a necrotic papillary muscle after a myocardial infarction
B. Congenital valve defect
C. Rheumatic heart disease
D. Infective endocarditis
E. Pulmonary hypertension
Ans: C
13. A 36-year-old previously healthy woman becomes ill over the course of a week with a
fever, chest pain, and shortness of breath. Her physician notes that she has an arrhythmia
and signs of early congestive heart failure but no heart murmur. Her most likely diagnosis
is:
A. Myocardial infarct
B. Rheumatic heart disease
C. Myocarditis
D. Infective endocarditis
E. Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Ans: C
14. The best indicator of congestive heart failure is:
A. Elevated arterial systolic pressure
B. Elevated arterial diastolic pressure
C. Elevated venous pressure
D. Elevated troponin enzyme level
E. Electrocardiographic changes
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Loeffler & Hart: Introduction to Human Disease, Sixth Edition
Chapter 9 – Test Bank
Ans. C
15. The most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States currently is:
A. Diabetes mellitus
B. Hypertension
C. Atherosclerosis
D. Stroke
E. Neoplasia
Ans: C
16. A 54-year-old obese and diabetic man sustains a myocardial infarction. He is adequately
treated and recovering well until 6 days afterwards, when he suddenly collapses as he is
going to the bathroom. Which of the following is the autopsy most likely to reveal?
A. Massive pulmonary edema and pleural fluid
B. Rupture of the myocardium and blood in the pericardial space
C. Nothing, as the patient died of ventricular fibrillation, which leaves no morphologic
traces
D. Re-stenosis of the coronary artery
E. Thrombosis over a ventricular aneurysm
Ans: B
17. A 19-year-old basketball player collapses as he is running down the court during a semifinal game of the collegiate basketball association tournament. He is attended to
immediately but dies en-route to the hospital. The autopsy reveals hypertrophic
cardiomyopathy. This is an example of:
A. Restrictive heart disease
B. Sudden cardiac death
C. Congestive heart failure
D. Heart disease caused by hypertension
E. Dilated heart disease
Ans: B
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Loeffler & Hart: Introduction to Human Disease, Sixth Edition
Chapter 9 – Test Bank
True/False
18. Cor Pulmonale is left heart failure caused by chronic lung disease.
Ans: False
19. Congestive heart failure is caused by the inability of the heart to pump the blood returned
to it.
Ans: True
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