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WORLD HISTORY REVIEW Short Answer Short Answer Questions 40-43. Describe four characteristics of the Harappan Culture. Gridded Cities, running water, public bathrooms, Trading Empire, no weapons, trapped rain water, controlled flooding 44-48: List Five of the Eight items on the Eightfold Path. Right Views, Right Resolve, Right Speech, Right Conduct, Right Livelihood, Right Effort, Right Mindfulness and Right Concentration 49-51: List three specific advances in that the Gupta’s made in either astronomy, math or medicine. Trading ships needed astronomy skills Adopted Western methods of time keeping (cycle of sun not moon) Seven day week and day divided into hours Proved earth was round because of lunar eclipse showing curve of earth on moon Decimal system and zero started in India Aryabhata calculated the value of pi (π) to four decimal places and year being 365.3586805 days (close to atomic clock) 1,000 diseases were recognized, 500 medicinal plants found and performed surgery and plastic surgery List the Four Main Casts: 52: Brahmins/priests 53: Warriors 54: Traders 55: Peasants WORLD HISTORY REVIEW Chapter 2 Section 3 What is a large landmass that juts out form a continent that consists of India, Pakistan and Bangladesh? Subcontinent What are the two biggest rivers in India? Indus and Ganges _____ or seasonal winds of India brings dry air in October and rain in late May or early June. Monsoon What is the main pass to get into India? Khyber Pass What two mountain ranges are found in northern India? Hindu Kush and Himalayas What is the term used to describe a special regard for cattle? Veneration SECTION 3 Chapter 1 What are a collection of Aryan prayers, magical spells, and instructions for performing rituals? Rig Veda Who are the original inhabitants of India? Dases What is another name for the Shudras, they are the butchers, gravediggers etc? Untouchables Who is Indra? Aryan god of war, main weapon was thunderbolt. What is the single spiritual force that resides in all living things called? Brahman What is the Indo-European language that early Aryans spoke? Sanskrit What is Varna? It is the use of skin color to distinguish what caste you are in. What is a great Indian epic text that talked of the struggle of India as Arians tried to control the land. Mahabharata What is the single spiritual force that resides in all living things called? Brahman SECTION 3 Chapter 2 What is the essential self or individual soul in Hinduism? Atman 500 B.C., the teacher Mahavira founded ______, which emphasized meditation, selfdenial. Followers would wear masks and sweep floors where they walk. Jainism In Hinduism this is the release of the cycle of rebirth, you become one with Brahman. Moksha What is the Middle Way? It is another name of the Eightfold Path. What is the religious and moral duties of an individual or Buddha’s doctrine and teachings? Dharma What is nonviolence in Hinduism, all things of Brahman should be respected? Adhisma What are the good and bad deeds that follow an individual and influences what your next life is like. Karma What is reincarnation? It is the soul being reborn in another life form. What is Nirvana in Buddhism? It is the release form the cycle selfishness and pain similar to moksha in Hinduism. What is the religious and moral duties of an individual or Buddha’s doctrine and teachings? Dharma What is another name for the “Three Baskets of Wisdom”? Tripitaka What are sacred mounds that house the remains of Buddha or other Buddhist relics? Stupa SECTION 7 Chapter 1 What is it called when the father is in charge of the family? Patriarchal What is it called when inheritance is past down the mother side? Found in Southern India. Matriarchal What is a family that has parents, children, grandchildren, uncles, etc. sharing a common dwelling called? Joint Family Which ruler was violent and mean until after a huge battle and then he converted to Buddhism and had pillars erected promising a righteous government? Asoka Who was first to unite India, fought Seleucus I (Greek), had spies, brutal policies and eventually gave all up to covert to Jainism? Chandra Gupta Maurya Who changed his name from Siddhartha Gautama when he received enlightenment under a fig tree? Buddha Who was known as the “Great King of Kings” and took India to bigger heights he is the second to last great Gupta leader? Chandra Gupta Who was the greatest Indian play write that wrote the Shakuntala? Kalidassa What is the creative energy that women had and men lacked? Shakti This when a women choses to be with her husband a his funeral fire. Sati Who toppled the Gupta Empire? Hunas or White Huns What branch of Buddhism is were only monks and nuns can achieve union with Brahman? Theravada Buddhism What branch of Buddhism is where anyone can achieve union with Brahman? Mahayana Buddhism