Download Exam 1

Student ID _____________________________
Animal Physiology 2006
Exam I
Name ____________________________________
Part I
Part II
Part III
Part IV
Part V
___________ (20)
___________ (15)
___________ (30)
___________ (20)
___________ (15)
Total
___________ (100)
Please read each question carefully. Make sure you completely answer each question. In some
sections, you will be able to choose which questions you would like to answer. Please clearly
indicate which of these questions you have chosen. You are more than welcome to use properly
labeled graphs, diagrams, illustrations to support your conclusions
No electronic devices may be accessed during this exam.
This exam has eight pages including this title page.
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Animal Physiology regrade policy: If you feel a mistake has been made in the grading of your
exam, please submit a typed explanation to Dr. Mensinger within one week of your exam being
returned. You should detail why you feel your answer deserves more credit.
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Student ID _____________________________
Choose 5 of the following animals and name the physiological specializations and/or
specific systems that they were used to illustrate. (4 pts each)
1) toadfish
2) giraffe
3) Arapiama
4) the eagle in flight
5) bivalve mollusk
6) weddell seal
7) lungfish
8) round goby
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Student ID _____________________________
II) Short answer
1) What type of organism can cause tetanus (2 pts)
2)
What is the gas responsible for causing the bends (2 pts)
Name one adaptation of diving animals specifically reduces the chances of
getting the bends. (1 pt)
3)
What type of animal does Dr. Bodznick work on. (2 pts)
What sensory system did he mostly talk about (or was discussed in the paper (2
pts)
Dr. Bodznick discovered an adaptive filter that will filter out which type of
stimulus. (1 pt)
4) Name the type of muscle you will be ingesting if you eat a turkey leg. (2 pts)
5) Name three adaptations of toadfish sonic muscle that allows it to contract at such a
high rate ( 1 pt @)
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Student ID _____________________________
III) Answer three of the following four questions ( 10 pts each)
1) Draw an ECG, label the PQRST complex and describe what the three peaks represent.
What event is not represented by the three peaks and explain why it is not observed in the
ECG.
2) During the War of the Worlds, several Martians were shot in the head. During subsequent
investigation of their capsules, it was found that blood would spurt to the roof of the capsule if the
martian was shot while standing but there was insufficient pressure in the martian blood to eject
to the roof of the capsule if the martian was sitting. At full height, the top of the martian head is
1.5 m off the ground. In the sitting position, the top of the martian head is 1.0 m off the ground.
The capsule is two meters from floor to ceiling. What is the possible density range compared to
mercury of martian blood. Martian blood pressure is 100/50.
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Student ID _____________________________
3) Generate the portions of a length tension curve that can be predicted for the following
values (use solid line) (5 pts)
Actin = 1 micron ; Myosin = 1.5 microns; H zone = 0.3 microns
Redraw the curve following the application of compound Q to the muscle. Compound Q
will block destroy approximately 50% of the cross bridge sites (use dashed line to
indicate this graph) (3 pts)
Explain why the remaining portion of the curve cannot be predicted and needs to be
generated by experimental data. (2 pts)
4) Draw the action potential and the resulting muscle contraction for both a skeletal and
cardiac muscle. Be sure to properly label the figure including the curves, both y axis and
the x axis (7 pts) What is the function significance of the plateau stage (3 pts)?
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Student ID _____________________________
IV: True/False – Pick 4 of the following statements. Indicate whether the following
statements are true or false. If the statement is true, provide a figure/graph that supports
the claim. If the statement is false, correct the entire statement. (5 pts each)
1) Actions potentials are generated anywhere in the soma and travel from the soma to the
dendrites
2) Neurons have two types of refractory periods. During the absolute refractory periods,
the neuron is insensitive to stimulus but during the relative refractory period, the cell will
fire a smaller amplitude action potential if provided with sufficient stimulus
3) The sodium channels in neurons that were discussed in lecture allow Na+ to flow from
inside the cell to outside the cell. At rest, the channel is blocked by the inactivating
particle and during membrane hyperpolarization, the inactivating particle is removed and
allows Na+ to leave the cell.
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Student ID _____________________________
4) The membrane potential of a neuron is negative in comparison to the outside of the
cell. Once the membrane is depolarized past its threshold potential, an action potential is
generated that involves a rapid depolarization followed by a hyperpolarization.
5) The proper flow of blood in a mammal is body to left atrium to right ventricle to lung
to right atrium to left ventricle to body
6) The proper sequence of electrical conduction originating from the heart’s pacemaker
for the following terms in the heart is
AV node to Purkinje fibers to SA node to bundle of His to nodal fibers
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Student ID _____________________________
V) Explain the anatomical and physiological differences between fish steady swimming
and the escape response. It is strongly suggested that you include length tension curves
and power velocity curves in your answer ( 15 pts)
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