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Course Outline: 1. The Age of Discovery and American Colonies (1492 – 1769): Readings: American Pageant Ch 1-5 Theme(s): - First Discoverers of America and their contact with Native Americans Territorial Expansion and Imperialism Religious discontent and divisions Advanced development of the Middle Colonies New England’s social dynamics Colonial culture taking on American qualities through education, free press, and self government Primary Sources: Cortes Conquers Mexico / Aztec Describe the Spanish Conquest / A Slave Taken to Barbados / The Starving Time / Governor William Berkeley Reports / The Great Indian Uprising / Persecution of Catholics / Framing the Mayflower Compact / Anne Hutchinson is Banished / A Contract for an Indentured Servant / The Baconite Grievances / Benjamin Franklin Analyzes the Population / Important Historical Figures/Terms: Columbus Cortes Montezuma II John Smith Pocahontas Jamestown, VA The "Starving Time" Virginia Company Lord De La Warr Captain John Smith Powhatan Pocahontas John Rolfe Headright system House of Burgesses Royal colony George Calvert Proprietorship Maryland Toleration Act Indentured servant Gov. William Berkeley Nathaniel Bacon English Reformation "The Great Migration" Puritan Church of England (Anglican Church) Congregationalists "Middling sort" Pilgrims [Separatists] The "elect" Mayflower Compact Squanto MA Bay Colony John Winthrop Covenant Thomas Hooker Fundamental Orders of CT Fundamental Articles of New Haven New England town meetings Roger Williams Anne Hutchinson Antinomianism Theocracy Pequot War Captain John Mason Wampanoag King Philip's War Flintlock musket Stuart Restoration Peter Stuyvesant Dutch Reformed Church Sir George Carteret Quakers George Fox Margaret Fell "Inner Light" Charters of Liberty William Penn Barbados James Oglethorpe John Locke Two Treatises on Government Atlantic trading system Indigo African "Rice Coast" Gullah Mercantilism Board of Trade & Plantations Dominion of New England Sir Edmond Andros Navigation Acts Enumerated goods Stono Rebellion Rev. Increase Mather Salem Witch Trials Rev. Cotton Mather Rev. George Burroughs Essay Topics: - Discuss the motives, expectations, problems, and rewards associated with the age of European expansion Discuss English treatment of the Irish and its consequences To what extent was the New England Confederacy a first step toward colonial unity What were the short term and long term consequences of the American colonists seeking foreign markets for their exports Possible Assignments: - - Develop a chart comparing the relationship between Spain, France, and England with Native Americans Have students read pertinent documents relating to the Chesapeake and New England colonies (ex. indenture contract & “City Upon A Hill” speech) and make comparison notes on the two colonial societies Teach DBQ writing process with past DBQ comparing Chesapeake and New England colonies. Have students brainstorm responses, analyze documents with S.O.A.P.S method in groups, and report to class. Supervise writing of thesis statements 2. Conflict and Causes for a Revolution (1608 – 1783): Readings: American Pageant Ch 6-8 Theme(s): - Britain and France struggle for control in North America France is defeated in the Seven Years’ War Britain’s victory reveals long standing tensions between the Mother Country and her colonies in North America Tension increase between Britain and colonies based around the mercantile system Radicals in Boston test Britain’s authority and start to protest tightening control The war divides Americans, many whom remain loyal to Britain Americans, with assistance from France gain independence Primary Sources: Benjamin Franklin characterizes General Braddock / Pontiac Rallies His Warriors / A Lawyer Denounces Search Warrants / Two Views of the British Empire / Patrick Henry Demands Boldness / Thomas Paine Talks Common Sense (1776) / Tories Fear French Catholics / Vengeance on the Tories / The Hanging of a Loyalist Important Historical Figures/Terms: "Era of Salutary Neglect" Albany Plan of Union Iroquois Confederacy Treaty of Utrecht Fort Necessity Fort Duquesne General Edward Braddock William Pitt Seven Years' War French and Indian War The "Great War for Empire" Fort William Henry Treaty of Paris of 1763 King George III George Grenville Sugar Act (1764) Currency Act (1764) Stamp Act (1765) Paxton Boys Pontiac's Rebellion Proclamation of 1763 Patrick Henry Stamp Act Congress Sons of Liberty Samuel Adams Declaratory Act (1766) Mutiny [Quartering] Act (1765) Townshend Acts (1767) Boston Massacre Crispus Attucks Massachusetts Circular Letter John Adams John Dickinson Letters from a Farmer in Pennsylvania Actual representation Virtual representation Writs of assistance Gaspeé Incident Tea Act (1773) Mercy Otis Warren Daughters of Liberty Non-importation Boston Tea Party Coercive [Intolerable] Acts (1774) Quebec Act (1774) First Continental Congress Committees of Correspondence Conciliatory Propositions Lexington and Concord General Thomas Gage Patriots Olive Branch Petition Declaration on the Causes of Necessity of Taking Up Arms Prohibitory Act (1775) Thomas Paine Common Sense Declaration of Independence Articles of Confederation Marquis de Lafayette Continental Army Kazimierz Pulaski Baron von Steuben Battle of Trenton Hessians Valley Forge, PA General William Howe "Gentleman Johnny" Burgoyne Fort Ticonderoga Franco-American Alliance of 1778 Battle of Saratoga Benedict Arnold Nathaniel Greene Count de Rochambeau Admiral de Grasse General Cornwallis Battle of Yorktown Peace of Paris, 1783 Loyalists Manumission Judith Sargent Murray Abigail Adams "Virtuous Republic" Republicanism "Critical Period" Ordinance of 1784 Ordinance of 1785 Cadastral system Northwest Ordinance of 1787 Little Turtle Battle of Fallen Timbers Treaty of Greenville Shays' Rebellion Newburgh Conspiracy Annapolis Convention Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Great Compromise of 1787 Essay Topics: - Washington, awful general or excellent leader? Was the Seven Years’ War a World War? To what extent did the Seven Years’ War contribute to the American Revolutionary War? Compare and Contrast the reasons for unity and the reasons for disunity in the American colonies before and after the Seven Years’ War. Why was the Ohio Valley and area of conflict for Britain and France? What role did pamphlets, boycotts, and mob action play in the American Revolution? Compare and Contrast the advantages and disadvantages of the British and colonists as the American Revolutionary War began. Explain the characteristics of a virtuous leader What qualities made George Washington a virtuous leader? Explain the importance of the Battle of Saratoga Possible Assignments: - - Create a timeline of the various laws imposed on the colonists by England and the colonial reactions. Read pertinent colonial responses (ex. Resolution of the Stamp Act Congress) and summarize the arguments on taxation by both sides. Write an essay on whether the American Revolution was inevitable. Have students groups address either the American Revolution in terms of northern, southern, or western campaigns. Create a poster noting the influential figures and events. Present to the class. 3. A New Nation (1776 – 1812): Readings: American Pageant Ch 9-11 Theme(s): - Americans begins to rethink their ideas on the institution of slavery The Articles of Confederation prove to be too weak and fail to deal with America’s problems Controversy surrounds the revising of the Articles of Confederation and ratification of the Constitution and stronger national government A rebellion in Pennsylvania is suppressed revealing the strength of the national government under the new Constitution The emergence of two political parties: the Federalists and Democratic-Republicans George Washington sets precedents for following US Presidents, warns of political parties, and advises the US to stay neutral in foreign affairs Jefferson realizes condemning is easier than ruling Madison must decide between western War Hawks and New Englanders’ neutral hostilities Primary Sources: Thomas Jefferson's First Inaugural Address / Monroe Doctrine / George Washington Expresses Alarm / Thomas Jefferson Favors Rebellion / The Debate of Representation in Congress / George Mason is Critical / A Farmer Favors the Constitution / The Clash over States’ Rights / Jefferson Duped by Hamilton / Hamilton Defends Assumption / A Jeffersonian Condemns Neutrality / Washington’s Farewell Address / Marshall Sanctions the Bank / Napoleon Decides to Dispose of Louisiana / Lewis and Clark Meet a Grizzly Important Historical Figures/Terms: 3/5s clause Elastic clause Federalism Strict constructionist Loose [broad] constructionist Checks & balances Whiskey Rebellion Edmond Genêt Jay's Treaty (1795) Pinckney's Treaty (1795) XYZ Affair Quasi-French War Alien and Sedition Acts (1798) Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions (1798) Nullification "Revolution of 1800" Aaron Burr Judiciary Act (1801) "Midnight Judges" 12th. Amendment Federalists Anti-Federalists Bill of Rights The Federalist Papers Anti-Federalist Papers Judiciary Act of 1789 Alexander Hamilton Assumption 11th. Amendment Report on Public Credit (1790) Report on Manufactures (1791) First Bank of the U. S. Cultural nationalism Judith Sargent Murray Noah Webster Washington Irving Deism Revivalism Second Great Awakening Charles G. Finney Eli Whitney Robert Fulton Clermont "Turnpike Era" Pierre L 'Enfant Jeffersonian democracy Albert Gallatin Barbary Pirate Wars Marbury v. Madison (1803) Writ of mandamus Judicial review John Marshall Samuel Chase Toussaint L'Ouverture Louisiana Purchase Lewis & Clark Expedition Sacagawea Zebulon Pike Essex Junto Democratic-Republicans "Burr Conspiracy” Continental System Impressment Chesapeake-Leopard Affair Embargo Act of 1807 Macon's Bill No. 2 Gen. William Henry Harrison The Prophet, Tenskwatawa Tecumseh "War Hawks" John C. Calhoun Henry Clay "Mr. Madison's War" Francis Scott Key Battle of New Orleans Andrew Jackson Hartford Convention Treaty of Ghent Rush-Bagot Agreement John Quincy Adams Second Bank of the US National Road Tariff of 1816 "Era of Good Feeling" First Seminole War Adams-Onis Treaty Panic of 1819 Tallmadge Amendment Missouri Compromise Fletcher v. Peck Dartmouth College v. Woodward McCulloch v. Maryland Cohens v. Virginia Gibbons v. Ogden Johnson v. McIntosh Cherokee Nation v. Georgia Worcester v. Georgia Monroe Doctrine "King Caucus" American System "Corrupt Bargain" Tariff of Abomination Essay Topics: - To what extent did the American Revolution bring about greater equality? How did the Revolution impact the American economy? What internal problems did the government under the Articles face? What were Hamilton’s main ideas in his economic plan for the nation and what arguments were made against his plan? How did differences in views on foreign relations, economic policy, and federal power lead to the development of political parties? Possible Assignments: - The Articles of Confederation were a failure. Evaluate this statement. - To what extent did presidents Washington and Adams succeed in building a secure and stable democracy? - How did differences in views on foreign relations, economic policy, and federal power lead to the development of political parties? 4. Nationalism and Democracy (1812 – 1840): Readings: American Pageant Ch 12-13 Theme(s): - Following the war, a spirit of Nationalism swept the country, known as the “Era of Good Feelings” and is associated with the Monroe Presidency As the US expands, slavery becomes a major issue and the question of whether it should be allowed to expand west causes concern The Spoils system brings government positions based less on merit Jackson mobilized the techniques of the New Democracy and presidential powers win a series of political battles against his enemies Primary Sources: Tecumseh Challenges William Henry / President James Madison’s Fateful War Message / The London Times Cries Vengeance / A Boston Paper Obstructs the War / Representative Charles Pinckney Upholds Slavery / Thomas Jefferson Turns Pro-British / James Monroe Warns the European Powers / Davy Crockett Advises Politicians / Daniel Webster Pleads for the Union / Jackson Vetoes the Bank Recharter Important Historical Figures/Terms: Lake Erie “The Star-Spangled Banner” The Constitution Hartford Convention White House and Capitol The North American Review American Plan Erie Canal Conventions Nullification Trail of Tears Masons Bank of the US Wildcat Bank Rush-Bagot agreement John Quincy Adams Tsar Alexander I Henry Clay Sequoya Jacksonian Democracy "Old Hickory" "Reign of King Mob" "Era of the Common Man" Door Rebellion Second Party System Spoils system "Kitchen Cabinet" Era of Good Feelings Peggy Eaton Affair Webster-Hayne Debate Tariff of Abomination (1828) Force Bill (1830) Black Hawk War (1832) "Five Civilized Tribes" Indian Removal Act of 1830 Cherokee Nation v. Georgia (1830) Worcester v. Georgia (1831) Trail of Tears Second Seminole War (18351842) Nicholas Biddle "Hard" or "dear" money [specie] "Soft" money [paper currency] Roger B. Taney Maysville Road Bill Second National Bank of the U. S. "King Andrew" Commonwealth v. Hunt (1842) Essay Topics: - What was the American strategy in the war of 1812? Why did it fail? Discuss the 3 pronged attack by Britain and the results of each attack Discuss the Hartford convention and its decline of the Federalists party Discuss the impact of the War of 1812 on America Discuss the three parts to Henry Clay’s American System Was Monroe’s presidency an “Era of Good Feelings” How have Texas’ unique beginnings made it different from other states? Discuss the consequences of Westward expansion Possible Assignments: - Create a PowerPoint presentation on the major decisions of the Marshall Court and its impact on the relationship between national and state governmental power Chart the status of lower class whites, women, blacks, and Native Americans in antebellum society in comparison to the post-Revolution period. In small groups, brainstorm the issues of class and states rights in the Jacksonian era. Develop individual thesis statements and write an essay, to what extent does Jackson’s era earn the description of “Age of the Common Man” or The Jacksonian era was in a sense the continuation of the goals of the American Revolution. Evaluate this statement. 5. Rise of American Culture and Reform (1790 – 1860): Readings: American Pageant Ch 14-15 Theme(s): - The West gains gained popularity with an increase in population, technological advances, cheap land, and an increase in transportation The start of industrialization begins in America Transportation starts to tie the country together The Second Great Awakening creates a moral self-improvement and expansion of democracy through many different reform movements American culture expands through art and literature, such as the Hudson River Valley School of Art and Transcendentalism Primary Sources: Wage Slavery in New England / The Abuse of Female Workers / The Coming of the Irish / Agitation for the Ten-Hour Day / The Impact of the Erie Canal / Steamboats Lose to the Railroads / Railroads link the East and West / Joseph Smith has a Vision / Dorothea Dix Succors the Insane / The Seneca falls Manifesto / Emersonisms and Thoreauisms Important Historical Figures/Terms: Romanticism Hudson River School James Fennimore Cooper Herman Melville Edgar Allen Poe Transcendentalism Ralph Waldo Emerson Self-Reliance Henry David Thoreau Walden On Civil Disobedience Utopian socialism Communitarianism Brook Farm George Ripley Robert Owen New Harmony John Humphrey Noyes Oneida Community Margaret Fuller Mother Ann Lee Shakers Mormons Joseph Smith Brigham Young "Burned-Over District" American Temperance Society Female Moral Reform Society Sylvester Graham Phrenology William Morton Horace Mann McGuffey Reader The "Benevolent Empire" Dorothea Dix "Cult of Domesticity" Oberlin College Mary Lyon "Separate spheres" theory Godey's Lady's Book Angelina & Sarah Grimké Catharine Beecher Harriet Beecher Stowe Louisa May Alcott Little Women Lucretia Mott Lucy Stone Elizabeth Cady Stanton Susan B. Anthony Seneca Falls Convention Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - Discuss the demographics of antebellum America - Evaluate the importance of the reform movements that arose in antebellum America - How did nationalism impact America following the War of 1812 - Was the Monroe Presidency truly an “Era of Good Feelings”? - What role did religion play in the reforms and the slavery debate? Possible Assignments: - Create a pamphlet advertising a museum exhibit of the antebellum Art of the Hudson River Valley Landscape Painters, George Catlin, and James Audubon - Create a commonplace book of a fictional character in antebellum America that describes their life and references significant political events and economic and cultural trends from the time. Include samples of literature from the period and their meaning to the character. 6. Manifest Destiny and Sectionalism (1793 – 1861): Readings: American Pageant Ch 16-19 Theme(s): - The cotton boom increases the demand for slave labor and solidifies the economy of the south The South’s wealth is dominated by a small percentage of wealth plantation owners forming an aristocracy like society Abolitionism emerges but lacks total unanimity in the North The idea of Manifest Destiny becomes a reality to many settlers and leaders eager to expand across the continent Border disputes erupt with Britain in both the East and West The Mexican-American War proves costly for Mexico, provides territorial gains for the US, and causes more controversy between North and South Temporary compromises over sectionalism are reached with the Missouri Compromise, Compromise of 1850, Kansas-Nebraska Act providing no lasting solution Conflicts erupt in Kansas and Virginia foreshadowing the Civil War Primary Sources: A Former Slave Exposes Slavery / William Lloyd Garrison Launches the Liberator / Slavery and the Family / Uncle Tom’s Cabin / Abraham Lincoln Appraises Abolitionism / Hinton Helper’s Banned Book / Two Pioneers Describe Oregon / Charles Sumner Assails a Texas Grab / President Polk Justifies the Texas Coup / Mexico Remembers the Despoilers / Salmon Chase Upholds Free Soil / Northwest Support for Douglas / The South Justifies Yankee-Beaters / Lincoln Disowns Brown Important Historical Figures/Terms: John L. O'Sullivan Manifest Destiny "Empire of Liberty" Sam Houston Stephen Austin Empresario Santa Fe Trail Tejanos General Antonio López de Santa Anna Remember the Alamo! Lone Star Republic John Jacob Astor Oregon Trail Donner Party "54° 40' or Fight!" "Mr. Polk's War" General Zachary Taylor "Old Rough & Ready" General Winfield Scott "Old Fuss & Feathers" Slidell Mission John C. Frémont Bear Flag Republic Battle of Vera Cruz Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Wilmot Proviso Popular sovereignty Free-Soil Party Forty-Niners Gadsden Purchase (1853) "Young America" Movement Fugitive Slave Act Ostend Manifesto Sen. Charles Sumner Congr. Preston Brooks Free Soil, Free Speech, Free Land, & Free Men Thomas R. Dew Coolies Compromise of 1850 Omnibus bill "King Cotton" Antebellum South DeBow's Review "Cavalier" image "Slavocracy" Greek Revival-style Preston Brooks "Southern Belle" Yeoman Southern paternalism "Peculiar Institution" George Fitzhugh "Sambo" image William Harper Manumission Gabriel Prosser Denmark Vesey Nat Turner African Methodist Episcopal Church Hinton Rowan Helper The Impending Crisis American Colonization Society David Walker William Lloyd Garrison The Liberator American Anti-Slavery Society Frederick Douglass Harriet Tubman Underground Railroad Amistad Case Prigg v. Pennsylvania Uncle Tom's Cabin Liberty Party James G. Birney "Personal liberty" laws "Free Soil" movement Dred Scott v. Sanford (1857) Roger B. Taney Daniel Webster Henry Clay Stephen Douglas Kansas-Nebraska Act (1854) Republican Party Freeport Doctrine John Brown Pottawatomie Massacre Crittenden Plan Confederate States of America Jefferson Davis Ft. Sumter, SC Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - What was popular sovereignty and why did it gain support? - What affect did westward expansion have on the slavery issue? - What issues did California’s admission to the Union raise and how was this addressed? - Evaluate the previous compromises regarding slavery and why they were not solutions to the problem Possible Assignments: - Write a journal from the point of an abolitionist. Note major events from 1845 – 1861 and how they would be interpreted from this perspective. Also, address the religious, ethical, and economic arguments of the proslavery side. 7. Civil War and Reconstruction (1861 – 1877): Readings: American Pageant Ch 20-22 Theme(s): - Northern advantages stemming from its industry forecast a devastating war for the South - Lincoln’s leadership helps keep the Border States from seceding while keeping France and Britain from entering the Civil War Initially a war to preserve the Union turns into an all out attempt to end slavery The conclusion of the Civil War provides additions to the Constitution and rights to the Freedmen Southern resistance to Reconstruction including racism and violence takes newly given rights away from the Freedmen Primary Sources: A Marylander Rejects Disunion / Fort Sumter Inflames the North / The Pinch of a Blockade / The War to Preserve Union / Abolitionists View of the War / Emancipation Proclamation / Jefferson Davis Deplores Emancipation / A Report From Antietam / General William T. Sherman Dooms Atlanta / Gettysburg Address / General Ulysses S. Grant is Optimistic / Southern Blacks Ask for Help / Thaddeus Stevens Demands Black Suffrage / Booker T. Washington Reflects Important Historical Figures/Terms: Morrill Tariff Act (1861) Homestead Act (1862) Pacific Railway Act (1862) Morrill Land Grant College Act (1862) Confiscation Acts (1861, 1862) National Bank Acts (1863 & 1864) Greenbacks Peace Democrats [Copperheads] Clement L. Vallandigham Conscription Act (1863) A rich man's war, but a poor man's fight! New York Draft Riots (1863) Writ of habeas corpus Emancipation Proclamation 54th Massachusetts Regiment Clara Barton Mathew Brady Jefferson Davis Alexander H. Stephens "Backcountry" southerners "Upcountry" southerners Mary Boykin Chestnut General George B. McClellan General Robert E. Lee Monitor Merrimac [Virginia] "King Cotton" diplomacy Trent Affair William C. Quantrill Jayhawks First Battle of Bull Run [First Manassas] Anaconda Plan General "Stonewall" Jackson Battle of Antietam Battle of Gettysburg Ulysses S. Grant General William Tecumseh Sherman Sherman's "March to the Sea" Appomattox Court House Andersonville "Lost Cause" Field Order #15 13th. Amendment Freedman's Bureau Radical Republicans Rep. Thaddeus Stevens (R-PA) Sen. Charles Sumner (R-MA) Ten Percent Plan Wade-Davis Bill (1864) Ford's Theater John Wilkes Booth Black Codes Civil Rights Act of 1866 14th. Amendment Reconstruction Act of 1867 15th. Amendment Tenure of Office Act (1867) Carpetbaggers Scalawags Blanche K. Bruce Hiram R. Revels Sharecropping Crop-lien system Horatio Seymour Hamilton Fish "Grantism" "Waving the bloody shirt!" Horace Greeley Amnesty Act (1872) Crédit Mobilier Scandal Whiskey Ring Panic of 1873 National Greenback Party William H. Seward "Seward's Folly" Alabama claims White League General Nathan Bedford Forrest Ku Klux Klan Social Darwinism Civil Rights Act of 1875 Gov. Samuel Tilden Compromise of 1877 Redeemers Bourbon rule Henry W. Grady Joel Chandler Harris Uncle Remus (1880) "convict-lease" system Chain gang "Fence laws Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - Why did southern “cotton diplomacy” fail? - Describe Lincoln’s stance towards southern secession and actions he took when he assumed office - Evaluate Lincoln’s, Johnson’s, and Congress’ Plans for Reconstruction - To what degree did the Civil War and Reconstruction prove to be a test of the supremacy of the federal government? Possible Assignments: - Write a series of letters from family members in the North and South from 1848 – 1861 that note the views of each side and events / issues that contributed to the Civil War. - Write letters to the editor from the perspectives of a freedman, plantation owner, and “carpetbagger” on the motives and success / failures of Reconstruction. - Reconstruction DBQ 8. Forging an Industrial Society (1869 – 1900): Readings: American Pageant Ch 23-25 Theme(s): - The Post-Civil War era becomes marked with political corruption Industrialization and big business prosper while labor suffers horrible conditions while providing fortunes Big business develops a “survival of the fittest” attitude for their success and philanthropy for moral responsibility New Immigration increases with various “push and pull” factors and increases the population and problems in America’s cities Primary Sources: The New South Speech – Henry Grady / Haymarket Square protest circular / Forty Years of Hull House by Jane Addams / “Gospel of Wealth” by Andrew Carnegie / How the Other Half Lives by Jacob Riis / Sherman Antitrust Act / “Atlanta Compromise” speech – Booker T. Washington / Plessey v. Ferguson / Important Historical Figures/Terms: Henry Ford Model T William and Orville Wright Kitty Hawk, NC Frederick W. Taylor "Taylorism" Scientific management Thomas Alva Edison "The Wizard of Menlo Park" Alexander Graham Bell Andrew Carnegie J. Pierpont Morgan Horizontal integration Vertical integration John D. Rockefeller Pool Trust "Self-Made Man" myth Cornelius Vanderbilt Social Darwinism "Invisible hand" Herbert Spenser William Graham Sumner Horatio Alger "Gospel of Wealth" Lester Ward Dynamic Sociology Henry George Progress & Poverty Edward Bellamy Looking Backward National Labor Union Molly Maguires Pinkerton Agency Scabs "Yellow-dog" contract Blacklisting Open shop Closed shop Great Railroad Strike (1877) Injunction Knights of Labor Terence V. Powderly American Federation of Labor [AFL] Samuel Gompers Haymarket Riot (1886) Homestead Steel Strike (1892) Pullman Strike (1894) Eugene V. Debs Nativism American Protection Association Naturalization Act of 1870 Emma Lazarus Ellis Island Angel Island "Melting Pot" 1893 Columbian Exposition in Chicago "Streetcar suburbs" Shtetl Hell's Kitchen Jacob Riis How the Other Half Lived "Dumbbell" tenement John A. Roebling Louis Sullivan Chicago School of Architecture Frank Lloyd Wright Salvation Army Theodore Dreiser George Washington Plunkitt Boss Tweed Tammany Hall, NYC Thomas Nast F. W. Woolworth's Marshall Field Montgomery Ward Sears Roebuck Simon Patten NCAA Yiddish theater Vaudeville George M. Cohan Ziegfeld Follies D. W. Griffith "Birth of a Nation" (1915) Dime novel "Yellow journalism" Joseph Pulitzer William Randolph Hearst Social realism Henry James "Natural selection" Pragmatism William James John Dewey "Seven Sisters" Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - What were the demands for the Populists, their impact on the election of 1892, and reasons for their overall lack of success? - Defend the farmers position to support the free silver - Discuss the challenges faced by early labor unions and explains reasons for their antiimmigrant attitudes - Discuss the change in immigration and the reasons for the change - How did industrialization affect the cities? Possible Assignments: - Use pictures of union leaders and events to create an educational poster on the early struggles of the labor movement - Write a transcript of a dinner conversation between major figures of the time with diverse views on the topic of wealth and its proper distribution in society (Rockefeller, Alger, Debs, Bellamy, etc.) 9. The Great West (1865 – 1896): Readings: American Pageant Ch 26 Theme(s): - Plaines Indians resist western settlers while the frontier comes to a close Farmers find themselves victims and look for a voice in the government Primary Sources: “I Will Fight No More Forever” – Chief Joseph / A Century of Dishonor – Helen Hunt Jackson / Dawes Act of 1887 / Black Elk Recalls Wounded Knee / 1896 Populist Party Platform / “Cross of Gold” speech – William J. Bryan / “The Significance of the Frontier in American History” by Frederick Jackson Turner Important Historical Figures/Terms: Great American Desert Californios Tong Wars Workingman's Party of CA Chinese Exclusion Act (1882) Timber Culture Act (1873) Desert Land Act (1877) Frederick Jackson Turner "Turner Frontier Thesis" Comstock Lode Cow town Chisholm Trail Exodusters "Open" range "Range" Wars "Buffalo Bill" Cody Annie Oakley "Calamity" Jane Tombstone, AZ Owen Wister Frederic Remington "Concentration" policy Sand Creek Massacre (1864) Sitting Bull Crazy Horse Geronimo Gen. George A. Custer Battle of Little Big Horn Chief Joseph "Ghost Dance" Battle of Wounded Knee, SD Dawes Severalty Act (1887) Bureau of Indian Affairs Helen Hunt Jackson A Century of Dishonor Joseph F. Glidden Sod house Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - Discuss the attractions to and difficulties in farming in the Midwest of the late 19th century - How did discoveries of precious metals in the west impact the nation? Possible Assignments: - Chart the tribes / leaders across U.S. history that resisted the colonists / U.S. government and summarize the changing policy towards Native Americans - As a Midwestern farmer, write a petition to your Congressman describing the hardships of farming and how the government could help 10. Imperialism and the Progressive Era (1890 – 1918): Readings: American Pageant Ch 27-30 Theme(s): - Imperialism emerges and the Spanish-American War spreads American influence abroad The Progressive Movement expands government power to solve economic and social problems of industrialization Wilson provides a program of domestic economic and social reform in his first term Militarism, Nationalism, and Imperialism cause conflict for European countries while Wilson attempts to remain neutral Primary Sources: “Benevolent Assimilation” speech – Pres. McKinley / “Open Door” memorandum from William Rockhill to John Hay / “As Regards Patriotism” – Mark Twain / The Jungle by Upton Sinclair / Shame of the Cities by Lincoln Steffens Important Historical Figures/Terms: Josiah Strong Our Country (1885) Sen. Henry Cabot Lodge, Sr. Alfred Thayer Mahan The Influence of Sea Power Upon History Queen Liliuokalani McKinley Tariff of 1890 "Yellow" journalism Jingoism William Randolph Hearst De Lôme Letter "Remember the Maine! "Splendid Little War" Teller Amendment Rough Riders Commodore George Dewey Treaty of Paris (1898) Foraker Act (1900) Insular Cases (1901) Jones Act (1917) Anti-Imperialist League José Martí Cuba libre Emilio Aguinaldo Boxer Rebellion Open Door Notes John Hay Rudyard Kipling "White Man's Burden" "Big Stick" Policy "Great White Fleet" Commodore Matthew Perry Treaty of Kanagawa (1854) Russo-Japanese War (19041905) "Gentlemen's" Agreement" (1908) Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine Platt Amendment Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: "Dollar Diplomacy" "Moral Diplomacy" Francisco "Pancho" Villa Banditos John J. ["Blackjack"] Pershing "Colossus of the North" Progressivism Muckrakers Lincoln Steffens The Shame of the Cities (1904) Social Gospel Walter Rauschenbusch Pope Leo XIII Settlement House Movement Jane Addams Hull House Lillian Wald Henry Street Settlement Thorstein Veblen Ashcan School of Painting 1913 Armory Show A Theory of the Leisure Class Charlotte Perkins Gilman Women and Economics (1898) NAWSA 19th. Amendment Equal Rights Amendment Alice Paul National Women's Party Margaret Sanger Mann Act [White Slave Traffic Act] (1910) Charles A. Beard Commissioner plan City-manager plan Initiative Referendum Recall Australian ballot Governor Hiram Johnson Governor Robert La Follette "Laboratory of Democracy" Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire Women's Christian Temperance Union Anti-Saloon League Carrie Nation Francis Willard 18th Amendment Eugenics Madison Grant The Passing of the Great Race Dillingham Report IWW ("Wobblies") Louis Brandeis Herbert Croly The Promise of American Life Northern Securities Co. v. US (1904) "Square Deal" Hepburn Act (1906) Upton Sinclair The Jungle (1906) Pure Food & Drug Act (1906) Meat Inspection Act (1906) Lochner v US (1905) Gifford Pinchot George Perkins Marsh Newlands Reclamation Act (1902) John Muir Sierra Club Panic of 1907 "New Freedom" Clayton Anti-Trust Act ( Federal Trade Commission Mann-Elkins Act 16th Amendment 17th Amendment - How did writers contribute to the emerging Progressive movement? Discuss the role of women in the Progressive movement How did progressive reformers respond to the social, political, and economic problems of industrial America? Possible Assignments: - Draw a political cartoon which addresses a problem that interested progressive reformers of that time period. - Chart the various problems affecting industrial America and the reformers / solutions proposed for each - Class debate on whether the United States actually engaged in imperialism in the classic sense 11. World War One (The Great War) (1917 – 1918): Readings: American Pageant Ch 30 Theme(s): - The US enters World War One in response to unrestricted submarine warfare Wilson attempts to provide a peaceful solution with his 14 points The Treaty of Versailles ends World War One and provides problems for the future Primary Sources: Fourteen Points – Pres. Wilson / Zimmerman Telegram / Wilson’s War Message to Congress / Schenck v. U.S. decision / WWI posters / Henry Cabot Lodge speech against the League of Nations Important Historical Figures/Terms: Triple Entente Triple Alliance Central Powers Sarajevo Archduke Franz Ferdinand U-Boat RMS Lusitania Sussex Pledge Zimmermann Telegram Jeannette Rankin (MT) Selective Service Act (1917) "War to End All Wars" Doughboys Liberty Bonds War Industries Board Bernard Baruch War Labor Board Billy Sunday "Liberty Cabbage" Ludlow Massacre Great Migration Women's Peace Party George Creel Committee on Public Information War Revenue Act (1917) Emma Goldman Espionage Act (1917) Sedition Act (1918) Roger Baldwin American Civil Liberties Union [ACLU] Schenck v. U. S. (1919) Abrams v. U. S. (1919) Wilsonianism "Big Four" Article 10 "War-Guilt" clause League of Nations Fourteen Points "Irreconcilables" "Reservationists" Self-determination Boston Police Strike (1919) Chicago Race Riots Marcus Garvey Universal Negro Improvement Association [UNIA] Red Scare A. Mitchell Palmer John Reed Palmer Raids "Red Summer" Great Flu Pandemic of 1918 Sacco & Vanzetti Trial Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - Discuss the American foreign policy position at the outbreak of WWI and events that challenged this position - It was inevitable that the United States would enter World War One on the side of the Allies. Evaluate this statement - Discuss the factors that led to U.S. rejection of the Treaty of Versailles and a return to neutrality following WWI Possible Assignments: - Develop a graphic organizer answering the question, why did the U.S. join the Allies in World War I? Use to organize an essay response to the same question. - Have students create their own Document Based Question essay on WWI and describe how each document could be used to respond to the question. 12. The 1920s (1919 – 1932): Readings: American Pageant Ch 31-32 Theme(s): - The US returns toward a policy of isolationism New technologies, entertainment, and marketing change American culture The stock market crash of 1929 lead to a severe depression that devastates the country Primary Sources: Volstead Act / 19th Amendment / Women and the New Race – Margaret Sanger / The Immigration Act of 1924 / “Mother to Son” – Langston Hughes / Bartolemeo Vanzetti’s last statement in court Important Historical Figures/Terms: "Return to Normalcy" Charles Lindbergh "Spirit of St. Louis" "Lost Generation" F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby Sinclair Lewis Elmer Gantry Ernest Hemingway A Farewell to Arms Josephine Baker Harlem Renaissance Langston Hughes Claude McKay Zora Neale Hurston Cotton Club "Jazz Age" Jelly Roll Morton Duke Ellington Louis Armstrong George Gershwin Volstead Act (1920) Al Capone Speakeasy Madame C. J. Walker Immigration Act of 1924 National Origins Act (1924) Babe Ruth Georgia O'Keefe Scopes ["Monkey"] Trial Clarence Darrow Leopold & Loeb Trial "Black Sox" Scandal "Fatty" Arbuckle Scandal Henry Sweet Gov. Al Smith (NY) "Ohio Gang" Teapot Dome Scandal The business of America is business! Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co. Adkins v. Children's Hospital Andrew Mellon Dawes Plan of 1924 "Associational" "on-margin" buying "Black Tuesday" [Oct. 29, 1929] Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - Discuss the development and societal effects of new forms of media in the early 20th century - How were societal values chaging in the 1920s? - How did the automobile transform American society in the 1920s? - Discuss the negative affects of the Prohibition Possible Assignments: - Categorize events / figures from the 1920s in terms of whether they represent the emerging modern / urban America or the traditional / rural America - Prepare a PowerPoint presentation of the Harlem Renaissance. Represent the literary, artistic, musical, and political contributions of the movement with sample work (poem, painting, music file, etc.) 13. Great Depression and Recovery (1933 – 1939): Readings: American Pageant Ch 33 Theme(s): - Roosevelt attempts to cure the country of depression through government sponsored programs to bring relief, recovery, and reform Primary Sources: “Brother, Can You Spare a Dime?” – song by E.Y. Harburg / Franklin D. Roosevelt’s inaugural address / The Grapes of Wrath by John Steinbeck / “Every Man a King” speech – Huey Long / Important Historical Figures/Terms: "Rugged individualism" Hoovervilles "Hoover Blankets" John Maynard Keynes Brother, Can You Spare a Dime? Dust Bowl Okies John Steinbeck The Grapes of Wrath Scottsboro Boys Agricultural Marketing Act (1929) Hawley-Smoot Tariff (1930) Reconstruction Finance Corporation [RFC] Bonus Army Gen. Douglas MacArthur "New Deal" Happy Days Are Here Again! First "Hundred Days" "Bank Holiday" Emergency Banking Relief Act (1933) Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation [FDIC] 20th Amendment Fireside Chats 21st Amendment Agricultural Adjustment Administration [AAA] National Industrial Recovery Act (1933) Section 7(a) of the NIRA National Recovery Administration [NRA] NRA "Blue Eagle" Public Works Administration [PWA] Tennessee Valley Authority [TVA] Glass-Steagall Act (1933) Securities & Exchange Commission [SEC] Civilian Conservation Corp [CCC] American Liberty League Father Charles Coughlin Dr. Francis Townsend Sen. Huey P. Long [LA] "Share-the-Wealth" program Every Man a King! "Second" New Deal National Labor Relations [Wagner] Act (1935) National Labor Relations Board [NLRB] John L. Lewis Congress of Industrial Organizations [CIO] Republic Steel Plant Massacre [Chicago] The Cradle Will Rock! Social Security Act (1935) Works Progress Administration [WPA] Federal Writers Project Federal Arts Project Federal Music Project Federal Theater Project Alf Landon New Deal Coalition US v. Butler (1936) Judiciary Reorganization Bill (1937) "Roosevelt Recession" of 1937 "Broker state" Eleanor Roosevelt Marian Anderson Mary McLeod Bethune "Black Cabinet" Executive Order No. 8802 Indian Reorganization [Wheeler-Howard] Act (1934) Francis Perkins Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - Compare and contrast the approaches of presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Great Depression. - The New Deal dramatically changed the role of the national government and its relationship to its citizens. Evaluate this statement. Possible Assignments: - Have students simulate a radio talk show with major figures of the time in discussion of the merits of the New Deal - Chart the approaches of presidents Hoover and Roosevelt to the Great Depression. Use to develop a thesis statement and respond to the essay. Compare and contrast the approaches of presidents Herbert Hoover and Franklin D. Roosevelt to the Great Depression. 14. World War Two (1933 – 1945): Readings: American Pageant Ch 34-35 Theme(s): - The US attempts to stay neutral while World War Two rages through Europe America mobilizes for war after Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor The US focuses on the Pacific with an Island Hopping Campaign The atomic bomb brings an abrupt end to World War Two Primary Sources: The Neutrality Act of 1937 / Einstein’s letter to F.D.R. / Four Freedoms Speech – F.D.R. / The Lend Lease Act / Japanese Relocation Order Important Historical Figures/Terms: Washington Conference (1921) Kellogg-Briand Pact (1928) Dawes Plan (1924) Young Plan (1929) Circular loans Fordney-McCumber Tariff of 1922 Henry L. Stimson Reciprocal Trade Agreements Act (1934) Pan-American Union "Good Neighbor" Policy Nye Committee Neutrality Acts of 1935, 1936, 1937 FDR's "Quarantine" speech Manchurian Crisis Stimson Doctrine Panay Incident Greater East Asia CoProsperity Sphere Appeasement Munich Agreement September 1, 1939 Orson Welles "War of the Worlds" Cash-and-Carry Joseph P. Kennedy Committee to Defend America America First Committee Selective Service Act (1940) Wendell Wilkie Lend Lease Act (1941) "Arsenal of Democracy" Greer Incident Atlantic Charter December 7, 1941 A date which will live in infamy! Smith-Connolly Act (1943) Office of Price Administration [OPA] War Production Board Operation Magic Fair Employment Practices Act [FEPC] Executive Order 8802 A. Philip Randolph Congress of Racial Equality [CORE] Tuskegee Airmen National War Labor Board Navajo "code-talkers Braceros "Zoot Suit" Riots "Rosie the Riveter" Issei Nisei Manhattan Project J. Robert Oppenheimer I am become death, destroyer of worlds! General Leslie Groves Enola Gay Hiroshima Nagasaki Unit 731 Executive Order 9066 Internment ["relocation"] camps Manzanar Korematsu v. US (1944) V-J Day September 2, 1945 Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - The origins of WWII and the initial American response of neutrality can both be explained by the results of WWI. Evaluate this statement. - The traditional defense of the decision to use atomic weapons against Japan is that it was to end the war more quickly and save lives. Present historical arguments that challenge this explanation. Possible Assignments: - Construct a scrap book that traces the major events of World War II and the home front through pictures and narrative of a fictional character - Have students debate the decision to use atomic weapons against Japan as justified or unjustified 15. Cold War (1945 – 1980): Readings: American Pageant Ch 36-39 Theme(s): - America comes out of World War Two as the World’s strongest economic power American population settle in suburbs The US and Soviet Union become two superpowers in a Cold War confrontation America rejects the policy of isolationism following in World War Two and takes on the policy of containment A second Red Scare Follows WWII - African Americans and other groups gain significant civil rights President Kennedy and Nixon increase involvement in Vietnam The Watergate Scandal leads to Nixon’s resignation Primary Sources: Servicemen’s Readjustment Act / The Long Telegram – George Kennan / The Marshall Plan / Baby and Child Care by Dr. Benjamin Spock / The “Eightieth do-nothing Congress” speech – Harry S. Truman / Douglas MacArthur’s speech to Congress / “Checkers Speech” – Richard Nixon / Brown v. Board of Education, Topeka, KS. / McCarthy Army Hearings transcript / Eisenhower’s Farewell Address Important Historical Figures/Terms: "Big Three" Teheran Conference (1943) Bretton Woods Conference (1944) Baruch Plan World Bank International Monetary Fund [IMF] Yalta Conference (1945) Potsdam Conference (1945) Cold War "Iron Curtain" George F. Kennan Containment Marshall Plan COMECON National Security Act (1947) Truman Doctrine Berlin Blockade NATO] Warsaw Pact NSC-68 Serviceman's Readjustment Act "G.I. Bill" "Fair Deal" The buck stops here! Taft-Hartley Act (1947) Dixiecrats Governor Strom Thurmond (D-SC) National Housing Act of 1949 Film noir Syngman Rhee Inchon landing (1950) 38th Parallel General Douglas MacArthur HUAC Klaus Fuchs Executive Order 9835 Red-lining "Hollywood Ten" Alger Hiss Whittaker Chambers Sen. Joseph McCarthy (R-WI) Red-baiting Red Channels Julius & Ethel Rosenberg McCarran Internal Security Act "McCarthyism" Army-McCarthy Hearings Dennis et. al. v. US (1951) Communist Control Act (1954) Sen. Robert Taft CIA "Baby Boom" Keynesian Economics "Postwar Contract" Dr. Jonas Salk DDT UNIVAC "Duck-and-Cover" Sputnik I Explorer I NASA Levittown, LI Dr. Benjamin Spock Sunbelt Rustbelt "The American Dream" A vast wasteland! National Defense Education Act (1958) William H. Whyte The Organization Man "The Man in the Gray Flannel Suit" David Riesman The Lonely Crowd J. D. Salinger The Catcher in the Rye The Affluent Society "Throwaway Society" Beat Generation Jack Kerouac On the Road James Dean "Race" Music "Payola" Scandals Michael Harrington The Other America Jackie Robinson Brown v. Board of Education Thurgood Marshall White Citizens' Councils "Little Rock Nine" Southern Manifesto Rosa Parks Montgomery, AL Bus Boycott Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. Civil Rights Act of 1957 Southern Christian Leadership Conference Eisenhower Republicanism Federal Highway Act (1956) John Foster Dulles Massive retaliation Brinkmanship M. A. D. Ho Chi Minh Dien Bien Phu Geneva Accords 17th. parallel Ngo Dinh Diem Viet Cong The Ugly American (1958) Mohammed Mossadegh Fulgencio Batista Fidel Castro Gamal Abdul Nasser Suez Crisis Eisenhower Doctrine Radio Free Europe Voice of America Hungarian Uprising "Kitchen Debate" U-2 Incident Military-industrial complex Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - What change in foreign policy occurred following World War II and how effectively did it address problems that the U.S. faced in the world? Use the Truman and Eisenhower administrations to illustrate your argument. - What effects did the Cold War have on domestic politics and social life in America? - The 1950s and 1920s share much in common. Evaluate this statement in terms of political, social, and economic trends during the two decades. - Weigh the impact of governmental and individual initiatives in sparking the modern civil rights movement during the 1950s. Which contributed more? Possible Assignments: - Create a poster comparing the decades of the 1920s with the 1950s statement in terms of political, social, and economic trends during the two decades. - Origins of the Cold War DBQ - Hold a simulated H.U.A.C. / McCarthy type hearing on suspected communists 16. 1980s and Beyond (1980 – present): Readings: American Pageant Ch 40-41 Theme(s): - President Ronald Reagan leads a conservative movement Communism collapses in Eastern Europe Primary Sources: “Malaise speech” – James Carter / Ronald Reagan’s first inaugural address / Bonfire of the Vanities by Tom Wolfe / Iran-Contra Hearings / Americans with Disabilities Act / Contract With America – Newt Gingrich Important Historical Figures/Terms: Reagan Coalition Neo-Cons Conservatism Phyllis Schlafly "The Great Communicator" "The Teflon President" John W. Hinckley, Jr. Reaganomics Supply-Side Economics PATCO Strike (1981) Deregulation AARP "Grey Power" Grenada Invasion Reagan Doctrine Contras Sandinistas Bolland Amendment Strategic Defense Initiative [SDI or "Star Wars'] Sandra Day O'Connor William Rehnquist Robert Bork Morning in America Congr. Geraldine Ferraro (DNY) Walter Mondale Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act (1985) Mikhail S. Gorbachev Perestroika Glasnost S & L Scandal Iran-Contra Scandal Col. Oliver North Sen. J. Danforth ["Dan"] Quayle (R-IN) Gov. Michael J. Dukakis (DMA) Willie Horton ad Read my lips--No New Taxes! Clarence Thomas Anita Hill Americans With Disabilities Act (1990) Tiananmen Square Massacre Persian Gulf War (1991) Gen. Norman Schwarzkopf Operation Desert Storm Ross Perot Reform Party Essay/DBQ/Discussion Topics: - To what extent is the claim true that President Reagan escalated the Cold War and helped bring about its end? - Trace the resurgence of conservatism in American politics and society in the 1980s - Discuss the new direction in foreign policy that has followed the end of the Cold War Possible Assignments: - Provide pictures of major figures from the period. Have students organize them by themes of their choosing and create an educational poster to reflect their impact on U.S. / world events.