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Download A.P. U.S. History Notes Chapter 16: The Civil War Summary: In 1860
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A.P. U.S. History Notes Chapter 16: The Civil War Summary: In 1860, after many years of disagreements several issues, the south seceded from the United States of America following the election of Abraham Lincoln. Both President Lincoln and The confederate President Jefferson Davis hoped for peace but this was not to be the case as war broke out following the attack on union troops bringing supplies to Ft. Sumter. Many new war tactics were first applied such as total war and fighting with ironclads. In January of 1863 President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation freeing all slaves in the south. This war was also the first time African Americans were able to enlist and have whole units of African American soldiers. The south tried to get Europe to help them, but Europe failed to recognize The Confederate States of America as an independent nation and did not believe they could win. For a while it seemed the South would win but thing took a turn for the worst after the Battle of Gettysburg .After 5 years of fighting in the Appomattox court house Confederate General Robert E. Lee surrendered to Union General Ulysses S. Grant. Important People: Abraham Lincoln union president who’s election sparked the southern secession Jefferson Davis President of the Confederacy Confederates soldiers from the southern states of South Carolina, Mississippi , Alabama, Florida, Louisiana, Texas, Georgia, North Carolina, Virginia , Arkansas , and Tennessee Gen. Robert E. Lee Head of the confederate army Edwin M. Staton Head of the war department by 1862 Gen. George B. McClellan first leader of Union troops; Democrat candidate for president in 1864 Gen. Ulysses S. Grant Second leader of the union troops Gen. Henry H. Sibley led confederate forces that occupied Albuquerque and Santa Fe Commander Benjamin Butler Union commander who claimed escaped slaves were “contraband” of war and the Fugitive Slave Law no longer applied Elizabeth Keckley Former slave who formed Contraband Relief Association Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman Union general who captured Atlanta, GA. He destroyed everything in his path from Atlanta to Savannah GA. Charles Dana Assistant secretary of war Robert Fitzgerald A free black American who helped the union army and then served in it after the Emancipation Proclamation Fifth Massachusetts Calvary most famous 100 % African American regiment of the union army Clara Barton Former government clerk who formed the American Red Cross Copperheads peace democrats led by Clement Vallandigham Government girls Women who were a part of the confederate bureaucracy Gen. Joseph “Fighting Joe” Hooker Union general Gen. Thomas “Stonewall” Jackson Confederate general; was killed by his own men at Chancellorsville John Wilkes Booth Assassinated Pres. Lincoln Timeline: Date 1860 December, 20 1860 1860 February, 1861 March 4, 1861 March !861 April 12, 1861 April/May 1861 June 1861 July 1861 December 1861 January 1862 February 1862 February 1862 March 1862 March 1862 March – August 1862 March 1862 Event Lincoln elected South Carolina unanimously votes to secede FL, MI, TX, GA, LA, AL also secede Confederate States of America formed Lincoln Inaugurated Morrill Tariff Act Fight for Ft. Sumter; Start of War VA, NC, AR, TN joined the Confederacy United States Sanitary Commission established First Battle of Bull Run French troops arrive in Mexico British and Spanish forces arrive Legal Tender Act Battles of Ft. Henry and Ft. Donelson Battle of Pea Ridge Battle of the Monitor and the Merrimac (the Virginia) McClellan’s Peninsular Campaign Battle of Glorieta Pass April 1862 April 1862 May 1862 June/July 1862 July 1862 July 1862 September 1862 January 1863 February 1863 April 1863 June 1863 July 1863 July 1863 July 1863 November 1863 March 1864 April 1864 September 1864 November 1864 November/December 1864 April 1865 April 1865 April 14, 1865 Battle of Shiloh Confederate Conscription Act Homestead Act Seven Days Battles Railway Act Morrill Land Grant Acts Battle of Antietam Emancipation Proclamation National Bank Act Richmond Bread Riot French occupy Mexico City Battle of Gettysburg Surrender of Vicksburg New York City Draft Riots Union troops capture Brownville Texas Grant becomes general in chief of Union forces Ft. Pillow massacre Fall of Atlanta Lincoln reelected Sherman’s March to the sea Richmond falls Robert E. Lee surrenders at Appomattox Lincoln assassinated