Download Phase in which the cell has a nuclear “Log

DNA that is all spread out
in the nucleus of a non-dividing
cell is called _______________
DNA that is all scrunched up into bundles in
a dividing cell is called _______________
CHROMATIN
CHROMOSOME
Phase in which the cell has a nuclear
membrane and nucleolus and DNA is spread
out as chromatin
“Log-like” structures in the centrosome area
during animal cell division that help guide
the chromosomes apart
INTERPHASE
CENTRIOLES
Type of cell where you would expect
to see a cleavage furrow during cytokinesis
PLANT
ANIMAL
Tell the phases (in order) that make
up mitosis
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase,
cytokinesis
The 2 chromatid arms of a chromosome
are held together in the center by a
____________________
CENTROMERE
The area of the cell membrane that
pinches together in an animal cell
during cytokinesis is called the
__________________
Tell the phases that make up interphase
G1, S, G2
Phase where the DNA condenses into
chromosomes and the nuclear membrane
disappears
PROPHASE
The area near the nucleus where centrioles
are found that organizes the spindle
CENTROSOME
Phase of the cell cycle in which cells stop
dividing altogether
G0
CLEAVAGE FURROW
Phase of mitosis in which the
chromosomes line up in the
middle of the cell
METAPHASE
Part of interphase in which
DNA is copied
Phase of mitosis in which the chromatids
separate and begin to move to opposite
ends of the cell
ANAPHASE
Phase of the cell cycle in which
cells grow bigger and carry out
the functions needed to do their job
S
G1
Phase of the cell cycle in which cells
make molecules and organelles needed
for cell division
G2
During this phase of mitosis the
cytoplasm is split into 2 cells
CYTOKINESIS
Phase of mitosis in which the spindle
and centrosomes/centrioles appear?
PROPHASE
Phase of mitosis in which the nuclear
membrane returns and DNA unwinds?
TELOPHASE
Cells spend most of their lifetime in
this phase of the cell cycle
Interphase (G1)
Instead of mitosis bacteria cells
divide by a process called __________
BINARY FISSION
Phase of mitosis in which the spindle and
centrosomes/centrioles disappear?
TELOPHASE
Phase of mitosis that could be called
“reverse prophase” ?
TELOPHASE
How is cytokinesis different in
plant cells compared to animal cells?
plants-cell plate;
animals-cleavage furrow
The requirement that cells be attached
to a surface or part of a tissue in
order to divide
ANCHORAGE DEPENDENCE
Name the tumor suppressor gene that
is often mutated in cancer cells
The spreading of a cancer cell to make a
tumor in a new place
METASTASIS
A cell that stops dividing when it touches
another cell is showing ________________.
CONTACT INHIBITION
Protective tips on the ends of a chromosome
that grow shorter every time the DNA is
copied
P53
TELOMERES
Name the enzyme that adds telomeres
back onto chromosomes
TELOMERASE
How are telomeres different in a cancer
cell compared to a normal cell of the
same age?
LONGER IN A CANCER CELL
What happens to telomeres as cells age?
They get shorter
Organisms with 2 X chromosomes
are ______________
male
female
Type of cell division which makes
2 cells identical to the parent cell
Organisms with an Xy karyotype are
_____________
male
female
Type of cell division which makes
4 cells with ½ the number of chromosomes
as the parent cell
MITOSIS
MEIOSIS
During oogenesis 4 cells are made but
only 1 becomes a mature egg. The rest
become __________
POLAR BODIES
The production of sperm cells is
called _________________
SPERMATOGENESIS
The production of mature egg cells
is called _________________
OOGENESIS
Type of cell division used to repair
injuries or replace damaged cells
MITOSIS
Type of cell division used to make
gametes
MEIOSIS
The exchange of DNA among
homologous chromosomes during
prophase I
Independent assortment happens
during this phase of meiosis.
CROSSING OVER
Crossing over happens during
this phase of meiosis
PROPHASE I
How is cytokinesis different in
plant cells compared to animal cells?
Plants have a cell plate instead of
a cleavage furrow like animal cells do
A cell which contains only one copy of
each kind of chromosome is 1n or
_______________
HAPLOID
Type of cell division in which the
DNA is copied once but the cell divides
twice
MEIOSIS
A cell which contains two copies of
each chromosome is 2n or____________
DIPLOID
The pairing up of homologous
chromosomes during prophase I is
called __________________
SYNAPSIS
The group of 4 chromatids that
form when homologous chromosomes
pair up is called a _______________
Tell how interphase I and interphase II
in meiosis are different.
DNA is copied in interphase I
but not in interphase II
TETRAD
Humans have ______ chromosomes.
23 pair
ANAPHASE I
The 2 chromosomes that determine
an organism’s sex are called
________________________
or 46
SEX CHROMOSOMES
The 44 other chromosomes in a human
karyotype that don’t determine sex
Type of reproduction in which
the offspring comes from joining
are called ________________
AUTOSOMES
DNA from 2 parents
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Type of reproduction in which the
come from only one parent
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION
Phase of meiosis where independent
assortment happens
Wall that forms in the middle of
a plant cell during cytokinesis
CELL PLATE
Type of cell division in which
crossing over and independent
assortment happen
ANAPHASE I
Mitosis
Name 2 ways genetic recombination
happens during meiosis
CROSSING OVER &
INDEPENDENT ASSORTMENT
Type of cell division in which the
daughter cells have different DNA
than the parent cell
mitosis
meiosis
If a body cell has 24 chromosomes,
how many chromosomes would you
expect to see in a sperm or egg?
12 (1/2 the number)
Meiosis
Give an example of a gamete
SPERM or EGG
Type of cell division is which
the chromosome number is
cut in half
mitosis
meiosis
Tell one thing a karyotype can show
male or female
Missing or extra chromosomes
Chromosomes that are the same size,
same shape, and carry genes for the
same traits are called ____________
HOMOLOGOUS
During meiosis _______________ form
Because the cell divides unevenly and all of the
cytoplasm ends up in one cell.
POLAR BODIES
Name a reason why cells divide
Reproduction (bacteria)
Repair injuries
Replace damaged cells
Growth of organism
TRUE or FALSE
Oogenesis produces 4 egg cells.
(FALSE: 1 egg and 3 polar bodies)
TELL 3 ways MEIOSIS is different
from MITOSIS.
TELL 3 ways MEIOSIS is different
from MITOSIS.
Use your comparison sheet to see if they
are correct.
Use your comparison sheet to see if they
are correct.
TELL 3 ways MEIOSIS is different from
MITOSIS.
TELL 3 ways MEIOSIS is different from
MITOSIS.
Use your comparison sheet to see if they
are correct.
Use your comparison sheet to see if they
are correct.