Download Unit 4 – Soil Science

Multiple Choice
Choose the answer that best completes each statement or question.
1. Kendra is a producer and is determining the number of replacement females needed for her Angus
herd. Which factor should be one of the first items for Kendra to consider?
____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Nate is going to purchase some market animals. Which factor should Nate take into consideration?
____________________________________________________________________________________
3. During the process of mitosis, one cell splits to form _________________________________________.
4. Deb has a foal that looks exactly like the mare and a friend mentions that the foal must have obtained
more characteristics from the mother. What should Deb tell the friend about genetics?
____________________________________________________________________________________
5. Spencer is looking at a photo of his great-grandfather and notices that they look alike. What is
responsible for passing the genetic information from Spencer’s grandfather?
____________________________________________________________________________________
6. Which inherited trait is controlled by one pair of genes?
____________________________________________________________________________________
7. William has swine and the dominant gene for swine color produces white coloring. If the gene pair is
“Ww” what color would the animal be?
____________________________________________________________________________________
8. Breeds are the result of ________________________________________________________________.
9. An animal's growth rate is determined by __________________________________________________.
10. Which of the following is an example of homozygous recessive?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 2 Test
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11. If livestock producers are discussing what an animal looks like, they are referring to the
__________________________________________ of the animal.
12. The term that refers to an animal’s genetic makeup is ________________________________________.
13. What information will be obtained by using Punnett squares?
____________________________________________________________________________________
14. The Punnett square hand calculation can be used with _______________________________________.
15. Which trait is most likely to be passed on in beef cattle?
____________________________________________________________________________________
16. Ryan is a producer and wants to evaluate an animal on its individual merit when compared to other
animals. What tool should Ryan use to evaluate the animal?
____________________________________________________________________________________
17. Terrance wants a way to compare his animal’s performance to other animals. What would provide
Terrance with a way to compare performance?
____________________________________________________________________________________
18. Which is a primary EPD trait?
____________________________________________________________________________________
19. Sheep producers are most concerned with which of the following EPD categories?
____________________________________________________________________________________
20. Stock managers look for different EPD indicators based on _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.
21. Which animal ultimately determines the sex of the progeny?
____________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 2 Test
Animal Science • Animal Genetics and Selection | 2
Match each genetic term with the correct definition
22.
_____________________________the part of the cell where DNA is housed
23.
_____________________________threadlike structures of DNA that form when the cell is
preparing to divide
24.
_____________________________a group of animals that exhibit the same characteristics
25.
_____________________________offspring resulting from sexual reproduction
26.
_____________________________the process where genetics are passed from one animal
to another through reproduction
27.
_____________________________the outer layer of the cell
28.
_____________________________the part of the cell where DNA is read and proteins are
created
29.
_____________________________a sex cell
30.
_____________________________an important process in meiosis leading to different
genetic combinations in sex cells
31.
_____________________________the process of the male and female sex cells uniting
Matching
Match each disease with the correct description.
32.
_____________________________caused by a recessive gene that results in eye sockets
that are large, nasal bones that are short and broad, and
a forehead that is broader than normal
33.
_____________________________caused by a recessive gene that leads to bent forelimbs,
a “twisted spine” and angled rump in black-faced sheep
34.
_____________________________caused by a dominant gene that leads to lowering of the
head, chewing the tongue, foaming at the mouth, and
finally a collapse into a coma
35.
_____________________________caused by a recessive gene that leads to short-headed,
short-legged, or pot-bellied animals
36.
_____________________________caused by a recessive gene that prevents an animal’s
blood from coagulating correctly
37.
_____________________________caused by a recessive gene that causes the toes to
spread outward
Unit 2 Test
Animal Science • Animal Genetics and Selection | 3
True or False
Indicate if each statement is true or false.
38.
____________Progeny can inherit a genetic mutation.
39.
____________All living organisms have 23 chromosome pairs.
40.
____________Producers can predict exactly what traits the progeny will possess using a
Punnett Square.
41.
____________If a bull and cow with desirable EPD’s are mated, the progeny will also exhibit
those desirable traits.
42.
____________A great deal is known about what genes affect certain traits of animals.
43.
____________When judging livestock, you are looking at the phenotype, not the genotype.
44.
____________After a cell goes through meiosis, another identical cell is created.
45.
____________Some animal traits are the result of a number of gene combinations.
46.
____________All animal traits, like birth weight and milking quality, have the same
heritability.
47.
____________Sex chromosomes XY result in a female
Unit 2 Test
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Short Answer
52. What are two (2) causes of sterility and delayed breeding?
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
53. A rancher mates a heterozygous polled bull, to a heterozygous polled cow. Complete the
Punnett Square with these two animals.
54. Using the Punnett Square in the previous question, (A) write the genotypes for each progeny.
(B) How many phenotypes do you expect to see in the offspring, and (C) how many of each type
do you expect?
(A)__________________________________________________________________________
(B)__________________________________________________________________________
(C)__________________________________________________________________________
Unit 2 Test
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