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1. 2. 3. 4. STUDY GUIDE FOR ECOLOGY TEST NAME___________________________ What word describes the mammals, fish, birds, and plants that live in an environment? BIOTIC A community is several species of animals interacting, while a population is MEMBERS OF ONE SPECIES IN AN AREA. The five levels of organization in the environment, from first to fifth level are ORGANISM, POPULATION, COMMUNITY, ECOSYSTEM, BIOSPHERE. Name four abiotic factors. SUNLIGHT TEMPERATURE SOIL WATER 5. Organisms that can make their own food from sunlight are called PRODUCERS 6. Grass is eaten by a prairie dog. The prairie dog is eaten by a coyote. This is an example of a food __CHAIN_. 7. One food web arrow goes from a prairie dog to a coyote, showing that __COYOTE_ eats __DOG__. 8. The largest population an environment can support is its __CARRYING CAPACITY__. 9. One type of competition involves individuals competing for resources. The other involves competition between different organisms. environments. POPULATIONS. relationships. 10. Young wasps are eating the tomato hornworm that is their host. What is this an example of? PARASITISM 11. A bird eats a worm. Who is the predator? BIRD 12. Rocks, temperature, and water are what part of the environment? ABIOTIC 13. What do several different populations living together make? COMMUNITY 14. Grass that gains energy from the sun is an example of a _____PRODUCER___. 15. In a food web arrows point in just one direction because they show how energy GOES TO THE ANIMAL THAT IS EATING 16. After one species disappears, what happens to the other species in the ecosystem? ARE OUT OF BALANCE 17. Two members of the same species compete over who gets a certain food. Members of different species try to take over a certain nesting area. These are both examples of___COMPETITION. 18. In which type of symbiosis do organisms help each other? MUTUALISM 19. What is the lowest level of environmental organization that three male egrets would all belong in together? POPULATION 20. If scientists are studying the egrets, herons, marsh crabs, and cordgrass, but not the water or rocks in a salt marsh, what level of organization would they be studying? COMMUNITY 21. An environmental study reporting on the way temperature, water quality, and minerals affect the animals in a salt marsh would be considering which level of organization? ECOSYSTEM 22. The plants a ladybug lives on, the aphids the ladybug eats, and the birds that would eat the ladybug are all __BIOTIC__factors. 23. Herbivores, carnivores, and omnivores are all decomposers. predators. producers. CONSUMERS. 24. Animals that eat a variety of meats, fruits, and vegetables are OMNIVORES 25. Rocks, temperature, and water are what kind of things? ABIOTIC FACTORS 26. What level of organization comes after population? COMMUNITY 27. What word describes a community of organisms and their environment? ECOSYSTEM 28. What living things make food from sunlight? PRODUCERS 29. What is an animal that catches and eats another animal called? PREDATOR 30. Three organisms on the food web have arrows pointing away from them and no arrows pointing toward them. They are omnivores. decomposers. herbivores. PRODUCERS. 31. Three organisms on the food web have arrows pointing toward them but no arrows pointing away from them. This means that NOTHING EATS THEM 32. group of organisms of the same species living in the same area POPULATION 33. the study of the interactions of living organisms with each other and the environment ECOLOGY 34. nonliving part of the environment ABIOTIC 35. all the populations of species that live and interact in the same habitat 36. the part of Earth where life exists COMMUNITY BIOSPHERE 37. a community of organisms and their abiotic environment ECOSYSTEM 38. an organism that eats only animals CARNIVORE 39. an organism that eats both plants and animals OMNIVORE 40. an organism that eats only plants HERBIVORE 41. a diagram that shows how energy in food flows from one organism to another FOOD CHAIN 42. a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an ecosystem FOOD WEB