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Teacher’s copy CU Walk (I) – Identification of trees Objectives 1. 2. 3. to practise observation of tree features to understand the basic ideas of classification to work out a tree diagram to show the relations of tree species & identify the tree species Briefing 1. Objectives of CU walk 2. Terminology & guidance for observation - trees, shrubs, woody plants, herbs - names: common name vs scientific name - habit, canopy, root, stem, leaves, flower, fruits, bark, etc. - exemplar worksheet Observation exercise: refer to data sheet Arrangement of field study - grouping: - tutor of each group will tell the students the names of plants & each group will complete the data sheet 3. 4. - time allowed: 50 minutes for field work & photo-taking, 15-minute break, 30 minutes for discussion Further work 1. 2. 3. Activity photos upload under “Gardening Club activities” Student project upload under “Sharing” Field studies: - Other sites: trees species in CU Main Campus, our school campus, Sun Chui Estate, etc. - Other plant types like shrubs & vines References 1. 2. CUHK: QEF site no.3 (CU site) virtual tour, & plant checklist. www.hkflora.com (8/4/08) Hong Kong Herbarium 香港植物標本室。www.hkherbarium.net/Herbarium/ (8/4/08) 3. 4. Thrower S.L. (1988). Hong Kong Trees – Omnibus Volume. Hong Kong: Urban Council. 漁護署(2004)。《賞樹手記》。香港:天地圖書。 CU Walk (I) – Identification of Trees Date: _____________ Name 1. Site: Chung Chi Family Acacia Mimosaceae confusa 台 含羞草科 Habit Evergreen 15m 灣相思 Characteristics • • • • • • • • • • • • • • Flowering: 3-10, flowers spherical Fruit: legume Leaf: phyllode, without petiole (compare with a young leaf) Ornamental plants: fast growth, resistant, fire-break Leaf sheath, parallel veins Flowers: rare Features similar to grass; unlike grass in having a tough stem Leaf: narrow, alternate, oil glands, no leaf stalk Flowering: 5-6, bottle-brush, red, upright flowers similar to Callistemon viminalis 串錢柳; (except that in C. viminalis, flowers are drooping down & flowering in 4) Fruit: woody capsule; unopened for years Branches: tough Air root (not apparent in the site) Leaf: pointed Cones: pear shaped Leaf: palm-like, 3-lobed, turn red in autumn Fruit: brown, spiny, woody Volatile oil (no scent in 楓樹) Leaf: large, conc. at the top, palmate Scars: angular rings no branching • • Bisexual or unisexual flowers on one tree Leaf: leathery, elliptical • • • • • Similar to 蒲葵 Leaf: feathery, spiny petioles Leaf scars – spiny Branches: pendulous, weeping Leaf: narrow • 2. • • • Bambusa Gramineae tuldoides 花 禾本科 眉竹 3. Callistemon Myrtaceae rigidus 紅千 桃金娘科 Evergreen 2m 層 4. Glyptostrobu Taxodiaceae s pensilis 水 杉科 松 5. Deciduous 20-30m conical crown Liquidambar Hamamelidace Deciduous formosana ae 金縷梅科 25-40m 楓香 6. 7. 8. Livistona Arecaceae chinensis 蒲 (Palmae) 棕 葵 櫚科 Monocot; with dicot habit like straight stem evergreen 15m Mangifera Anacardiaceae Evergreen 15-18m indica 芒果 漆樹科 Phoenix roebelenii 日本葵 9. Salix babylonica Arecaceae (Palmae) 棕 櫚科 Salicaceae 楊柳科 垂柳 3m Deciduous Water side Broad round crown 15m 10. Taxodium Taxodiaceae distichum 杉科 var. imbricatum 池杉 11. Taxodium Taxodiaceae distichum 落 杉科 羽杉 * Features for identification Deciduous 30-45m Group: __________________________ • • • • • • • • • Photo no. 1a 2a 3a 3b 3c 4a 4b 5a 5b 6a 6b 7a 7b 7c 8a 8b 9a 9b Similar to 落羽杉 except the leaf form; leaves packed closely 10a,b,c, d,e Flood-tolerant Root: aerial roots (knee) for breathing Leaf: pinnate compound, narrow, alternate Cones: globose Similar to Metasequoia 水杉 except that leaves alternate in 落羽杉, opposite in 水杉 11a,b,c, d,e,f Discussion 1. Which plant(s) is/are in closer resemblance with Taxodium distichum 落羽杉 (plant 11)? State the feature that separates this group of plants from the other. Name the plant group. Ans: Plants = 10 (also plant 4), feature = cones (found in Taxodium at the time of visit, April), plant group = gymnosperm 2. Which plant(s) is/are in closer resemblance with Bambusa tuldoides 花眉竹 (plant 2)? the feature that separates this group of plants from the other. State Name the plant group Ans: Plants = 6,8; Feature = parallel venation, plant group = flowering plant monocot 3. Which plant(s) is/are in closer resemblance with Mangifera indica 芒果 (plant 7)? State the feature that separates this group of plants from the other. Name the plant group. Ans: Plants = 1,3,5,9; Feature: net-venation; plant group = flowering plant dicot 4. Is pine a monocot or a dicot? Ans. It is neither a monocot or a dicot. It is a gymnosperm. 5. With the features observed in your study, try to construct a key to help identify each tree species in the field site. Trees in Chung Chi, CUHK Non-flowering, With cones Flowering, Without cones Appendix – Teaching points 1. Leaf form - shape: broad leaves, lobes/lobe-like (楓香) 2. 3. 4. venation: parallel venation, net-venation simple/compound leaves phyllode (expanded petiole) without leaf blade (台灣相思) leaf sheath (竹, grasses) - oil glands Root – aerial root (落羽杉) Flowers/cones Taxa: plant flowering/non-flowering (gymnosperms) different families scientific names (genus + species) variety (池杉 vs 落羽杉) Student copy CU Walk (I) – Identification of Trees Date: _____________ Site: __________________ Group: __________________________ Name Family 1. Acacia confusa Mimosaceae 含 台灣相思 羞草科 2. Bambusa Gramineae tuldoides 花眉竹 禾本科 3. Callistemon rigidus 紅千層 Myrtaceae 桃金娘科 4. Glyptostrobus pensilis 水松 Taxodiaceae 杉科 5. Liquidambar Hamamelidaceae formosana 楓香 金縷梅科 6. Livistona chinensis 蒲葵 Arecaceae (Palmae) 棕櫚科 7. Mangifera indica 芒果 Anacardiaceae 漆樹科 8. Phoenix Arecaceae roebelenii 日本 (Palmae) 棕櫚科 葵 9. Salix babylonica Salicaceae 垂柳 楊柳科 10. Taxodium Taxodiaceae 杉科 distichum var. imbricatum 池杉 11. Taxodium Taxodiaceae distichum 落羽 杉科 杉 * Features for identification Habit Characteristics Photo no. Discussion 1. Which plant(s) is/are in closer resemblance with Taxodium distichum 落羽杉(plant 11)? the feature that separates this group of plants from the other. State Name the plant group. ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Which plant(s) is/are in closer resemblance with Bambusa tuldoides 花眉竹 (plant 2)? the feature that separates this group of plants from the other. State Name the plant group. ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Which plant(s) is/are in closer resemblance with Mangifera indica 芒果 (plant 7)? State the feature that separates this group of plants from the other. Name the plant group. ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Is pine a monocot or a dicot? ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. With the features observed in your study, try to construct a key to help identify each tree species in the field site. Trees in Chung Chi, CUHK Non-flowering , With cones Flowering, Without cones Appendix: Extract of students’ findings (Site: School campus; date: 9-15/1/07) 樹木四:紅花羊蹄甲 (Bauhinia purpurea, 蘇木科 Caesalpiniaceae) 樹木編號: 外觀 樹皮 花 果 原產地: 47 中國南部至西部、中南亞洲及馬來半島 習性: 落葉喬木,高 7m,胸徑 23cm,樹冠直徑 7m,樹冠呈傘狀 植物學特性: - 花:10-12 月開花(一月考察時仍見開花),花呈粉紅色,只有三 條雄蕊;花瓣明顯摺皺 - 果:莢果,成熟時變黑 葉:互生葉,呈心形狀,葉前端二裂,像羊蹄 樹皮光滑 明顯認樹特徵: 葉形是該屬 Bauhinia 的明顯特徵,它與同屬洋紫荊的分別是有果,而 後者不會結果,此外,它開花時間比宮粉洋蹄甲早,而三條雄蕊也是 獨特之處,其他同屬樹木擁有五條雄蕊 考察同學: 陳玉婷(4A)、覃沛豪(5A)