Download Physics Final Review Sheet Name

Physics Final Review Sheet
Name_____________________________________
Study this if you want to pass!
Don’t be a loser. Do this packet.
Don’t be lazy! Look the answers up. You will thank me later.
Yes (Y) or No (N)
____
1. Is the term voltage related to current and resistance?
____
2. If 1 element fails (i.e. a light bulb) in a parallel circuit, does the entire circuit fail?
____
3. If 1 element in a series circuit fails, does the entire circuit fail?
____
4. Is a radio wave slower than a sound wave?
____
5. Do all electromagnetic radiation waves travel at the same speed?
____
6. Is the value of gravity 9.8 m/s2?
____
7. Is the speed of light 3.0 x 108 m/s?
Figure 1
8. Examine Figure 1. If you were standing under the tree, which object is definitely moving?
9.Which distance can be most accurately measured with a ruler?
a. the length of the Great Wall of China
c. the distance between two U.S Capitals
b. the width of a locker
d. the size of a virus
10.A person walks 2 miles every day for exercise, leaving her front porch at 9:00 A.M. and returning to her front porch at
9:45 A.M. What is the total displacement of her daily walk?
a. 2 miles
c. 4 miles
b. 0 miles
d. Not enough information
11.A person runs north 6 blocks, then turns west and runs for 6 blocks. The runner then turns south and runs 6 more
blocks. How could the runner have made the distance shorter while maintaining the same displacement?
a. by running east 6 blocks from the starting point
b. by running north 2 block and east 4 blocks
c. by running west 6 blocks from the starting point
d. by running back to the starting point by the same route
12. A ball is rolled uphill a distance of 6 meters before it slows, stops, and begins to roll back. The ball rolls downhill 12
meters before coming to rest against a tree. What is the ball’s displacement?
13. What is the speed of your mom if she travels 100 m in 25 s?
14. The rate at which velocity changes is called
16. An object that is accelerating may be doing what 3 things?
1.
2.
3.
17. The SI unit of force is the
18. When a pair of balanced forces acts on an object, the net force that results is equal to _______________
19. The property of matter that resists changes in motion is called___________________
20. According to Newton’s second law of motion, the acceleration of an object equals the net force acting on the object
divided by the object’s
21. If a force of 10 N is applied to an object with a mass of 1 kg, the object will accelerate at
22.Your weight equals your
a. mass.
b. mass divided by the net force acting on you.
c. mass times the acceleration due to gravity.
d. mass times your speed.
23. Newton’s third law of motion describes
24.In which of the following are action and reaction forces involved?
a. when a bat strikes a baseball
c. when rowing a rowboat
b. when stepping from a ladder
d. all of the above
25. The product of an object’s mass and velocity is its ________________________.
26. What is the momentum of a 50-kilogram ice skater gliding across the ice at a speed of 2 m/s?
27.In which of the following is no work done?
a. climbing up a flight of stairs backwards
b. lifting a box full of books
c. pushing a car over a cliff
d. none of the above
28. What is the unit of work?
29. If you exert a force of 10.0 N to lift a box a distance of 0.75 m, how much work do you do?
30. If you perform 30 joules of work lifting a 20-N box from the floor to a shelf, how high is the shelf?
31.The SI unit of power is the
32. If you exert a force of 500 N to walk 4 m up a flight of stairs in 4 s, how much power do you use?
33. About 746 watts is equal to how many horsepower?
34.Reducing friction in a machine
a. decreases its actual mechanical advantage.
b. decreases the work output.
c. increases its efficiency.
d. increases its ideal mechanical advantage.
35. The efficiency of a machine is always less than 100 percent because of what?
36. An ax is an example of a(an)
37.Which of the following is an example of a wheel and axle?
a. a fully automatic machine gun
c.
b. an automobile steering wheel
d.
38.An example of a compound machine is a
a. scissor
c.
b. bicycle.
d.
39. Work is a transfer of what?____________________
a bottle of water
a popsicle
paper
rock
40. The unit of energy is___________________.
41. The energy of motion is called what?____________________
41.A small 30-kilogram canoe is floating downriver at a speed of 2 m/s. What is the canoe’s kinetic energy?
42.An object’s gravitational potential energy is directly related to all of the following EXCEPT
a. its height.
c. its speed.
b. its mass.
d. gravity.
43. A 4-kilogram cat is resting on top of a bookshelf that is 2 meters high. What is the cat’s gravitational potential energy
relative to the floor if the acceleration due to gravity is 9.8 m/s2?
44.Which of the following statements is true according to the law of conservation of energy?
a. Energy cannot be created.
b. Energy cannot be destroyed.
c. Energy can be converted from one form to another.
d. all of the above
45. The mechanical energy of an object equals its
46. The equation E = mc2 relates energy and what? Hint: What is “m”?
47.Nonrenewable energy resources include all of the following EXCEPT
a. coal.
c. oil.
b. hydrogen fuel cells.
d. uranium.
48.Which of the following types of transportation is NOT mass transportation?
a. bus
c. plane
b. car
d. train
49. What are the 3 units of temperature?
1.
2.
3.
50. What type of material conducts heat and electricity well?
51.To which of the following does the first law of thermodynamics apply?
a. heating objects
c. doing work on a system
b. transferring thermal energy
d. all of the above
52. Fill in the chart below:
53. The laws of thermodynamics state
54. Mechanical waves must travel through some form of a medium. The medium can be what 3 things?
1.
2.
3.
55. Which wave causes the medium to vibrate only in a direction parallel to the wave’s motion?
56. T or F Water waves are both compressional (longitudinal) and transverse
57. Earthquakes are longitudinal waves. They move through soil and rock as
a. wavy line.
c. series of compressions and rarefactions.
b. series of faults.
d. series of crests and troughs.
57. A wave has a wavelength of 15 mm and a frequency of 4.0 hertz. What is its speed?
58.To find amplitude, measure
a. from a trough to the rest position.
c. from the start to the end of the wave
b. from a crest to the rest position.
d. either A or B
59. Suppose two waves collide and the temporary combined wave that results is smaller than the original waves. What
term best describes this type of interference?
60. A sound wave is an example of a _________________________ wave.
61.In which medium does sound travel the fastest?
a. feces
c. Root beer
b. glass
d. cast iron
62.Sonar equipment sends sound waves into deep water and measures
a. The number of dolphins within a 200 yard radius.
b. Sound.
c. the time delay of the returning echoes.
d. wave interference.
63. An ambulance siren sounds different as it approaches you than when it moves away from you. What scientific term
would you use to explain how this happens?
64. Which part of the ear amplifies the vibrations from sound waves?
65.Electromagnetic waves vary in
a. speed
c. color.
b. wavelength and frequency.
d. their direction.
66. An electromagnetic wave in a vacuum has a wavelength of 0.032 m. The speed of any electromagnetic wave is
3.00 x 108 m/s. What is its frequency?
67. Light acts like both a _____________________ and a _______________________.
68.Infrared rays have a shorter wavelength than
a. ultraviolet rays.
b. X-rays.
c. radar waves.
d. gamma rays.
69.The full range of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation is called
a. visible light.
c. the electromagnetic spectrum.
b. Frequency
d. ROYGBIV.
70.The waves with the longest wavelengths in the electromagnetic spectrum are
a. infrared rays.
c. gamma rays.
b. radio waves.
d. X-rays.
71.The visible light spectrum is between what 2 types of rays?
a. radar waves and X-rays.
c. infrared rays and ultraviolet rays.
b. Ray Charles and Ray Lewis
d. ultraviolet rays and gamma rays.
72. Cell phones utilize what type of wave? ___________________________
Figure 2
74.If the two charges represented in Figure 2 were brought near each other, they would
a. attract each other.
c. make baby electrical charges.
b. repel each other.
d. start fighting.
75. What type of current is used in a battery?
Alternating current
or
Direct current
76.The type of current in your school is mostly
a. direct current.
c. water current.
b. alternating current.
d. produced by lightning.
77.Which of the following materials allows charges to flow easily?
a. an electrical conductor
c. charge cards
b. an electrical insulator
d. none of the above
78. What is Ohm’s Law?
79. What is resistance?
80.Which of the following would reduce the resistance of a metal wire?
a. increasing its thickness
c. increasing its length
b. increasing its temperature
d. grease
81. The current in a clothes iron measures 5.0 amps. The resistance of the iron is 24 ohms. What is the voltage?
82.How many paths through which charge can flow would be shown in a circuit diagram of a series circuit?
a. one
c. none
b. two
d. 69
83.Most of the circuits in your home are
a. series circuits.
c. short circuits.
b. parallel circuits.
d. combination circuits.
84. What is the unit of electric power?
85. What is the acceleration of a Chinese star, if its velocity is 500 m/s and it hits Chuck Norris in the butt in 0.35
seconds?
86. What is the difference between speed and velocity?
87. Use the following choices to fill in the blanks.
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Wavelength
Amplitude
Rest position
Crest
Trough
A
B
Answer the following questions regarding circuits A and B above.
88. Circuit A is a __________________ circuit.
89. Circuit B is a __________________ circuit.
90. How many paths does circuit A have?
91. How many paths does circuit B have?
92. Draw the electromagnetic spectrum below and label it with “High Energy”, “Low Energy” “Long
Wavelength” and “Short Wavelength”.