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Name _____________________________
Period _______
Ch. 41: Animal Nutrition
1. How does glucose metabolism demonstrate a homeostatic mechanism?
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2. What is the function of these essential nutrients in animal metabolism?
a. Protein ________________________________________________________________
b. Carbohydrates __________________________________________________________
c. Lipids _________________________________________________________________
d. Vitamins ______________________________________________________________
e. Minerals _______________________________________________________________
f. Water _________________________________________________________________
3. Why are there only 8 essential amino acids?
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4. Identify a few deficiency diseases:
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5. Identify some of the modes of heterotrophic nutrition and briefly explain:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
6. What are the four main stages of food processing in heterotrophic nutrition?
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7. What is the advantage of extracellular digestion over intracellular digestion?
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8. What is the adaptive benefit of the alimentary canal?
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9. What two major changes occur in food in the mouth?
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
Name _____________________________
Period _______
Ch. 41: Animal Nutrition
10. List a few significant aspects of the physiology of the stomach. Relate structure to function.
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11. How does the stomach prevent digesting itself?
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12. Describe the major secretion of the duodenum:
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13. How does the pancreas prevent digesting itself with the peptidases it produces?
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14. Label the diagram of the human digestive system. Include: mouth, pharynx, esophagus,
stomach, small intestine, large intestine, duodenum, anus, liver, gall bladder, cardiac sphincter,
pyloric sphincter, pancreas
Name _____________________________
Period _______
Ch. 41: Animal Nutrition
15. How do each of the following digestive glands contribute to nutrition?
a. Salivary glands _________________________________________________________
b. Pancreas _______________________________________________________________
c. Liver _________________________________________________________________
d. Gall bladder ____________________________________________________________
16. Where is each of the following chemically digested?
a. Carbohydrates __________________________________________________________
b. Proteins _______________________________________________________________
c. Nucleic Acids __________________________________________________________
d. Lipids ________________________________________________________________
17. List three features of the small intestine that improve its function:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
c. ______________________________________________________________________
18. Describe the role of the following hormones in digestion:
a. Gastrin ________________________________________________________________
b. Secretin _______________________________________________________________
c. Cholecytokinin (CCK) ____________________________________________________
19. Describe two important functions of the large intestine:
a. ______________________________________________________________________
b. ______________________________________________________________________
20. Identify a few ways a herbivore’s alimentary canal differs from a carnivore’s.
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