Download STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER THREE - Mr. Obiechefu`s Life Science

Name:_________________________________ Date:___________ Class Pd:_______
STUDY GUIDE FOR CHAPTER THREE
1.
Label all 13 organelles of a plant cell.
1 - Cytoplasm
2 – Chloroplast
8 - mitochondria
9 – golgi complex
3 - ribosome
4 - nucleus
5 - chromosomes
10 – Endoplasmic Reticulum
11 - vacuole
6 – nuclear membrane
7 - lysosome
12 – cell
wall
13 – cell
membrane
2. Label all 10 organelles of an animal cell.
3. Identify the three organelles in a plant cell which an animal cell does not have.
1. Large vacuole
2. Cell Wall
3. Chloroplast
4. Identify the organelle in an animal cell which a plant cell does not have.
1. Lysosome
5. Who was the first person to discover cells? What tool did he build to see them?
Robert Hooke – discovered cork cells by looking through his microscope
6. Who are the three scientists( last name only) that developed the cell theory?
1. Schleiden
2. Schwann
3. Virchow
7. What are the three parts of the cell theory?
1. All organisms are made of one or more cells
2. The cell is the basic unit of all living things
3. All cells come from existing cells
8. Explain the difference between a prokaryotic cell and a eukaryotic cell.
-Prokaryotic Cells: an organism that consists of a single cell that does not have a
nucleus or membrane-bound organelles
-Eukaryotic Cells: an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a
membrane; most are multicellular
9. List of levels of organization of living things beginning with the cell (lowest level) to
organism (highest level). Define each term.
1. Cell
Definition: The smallest functional and structural unit of all living organisms
2. Tissue
Definition: A group of similar cells that perform a common function
3. Organ
Definition: a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body
4. Organ System
Definition: a group of organs that work together to perform body functions
5. Organism
Definition: a living thing; anything that can carry out life processes independently
10. What are the 3 benefits of being multicellular? Why are these things beneficial?
1. Larger size
WHY? Multicellular organisms are prey for fewer predators and can eat a wider
variety of prey
2. Longer life
WHY? The life span of a multicellular organism is not limited to the life span of
any single cell
3. Specialization
WHY? Makes the organism more efficient
11. What is the difference between smooth endoplasmic reticulum and rough endoplasmic
reticulum?
Smooth ER: has no ribosomes attached. Its purpose is to make lipids and breaking down
toxins that could damage the cell.
Rough ER: is the location of the ribosomes. This is where proteins are made. It is
usually near the nucleus.
12. Microscopes: When you first place a slide on the stage, what objective should you look
through? Which knob should you turn to bring the object into focus?
Low power objective – turn the coarse adjustment knob
13. Microscopes: Your microscope is plugged in, and the light is working. When you look
through the ocular lens, you do not see any light. What two parts of the microscope
should you check?
a. Diaphragm – make sure light is able to come through the diaphragm and stage
b. Revolving nosepiece – make sure it is clicked into place
14. REVIEW: State the six characteristics of living things (from your in-class poster).
1. Living things are made up of one or more cells
2. Living things sense and respond to change
3. Living things reproduce
4. Living things have DNA
5. Living things need and use energy
6. Living things grow and develop
15. REVIEW: State the 4 basic needs of all living things.
1. water
2. food
3. air
4. shelter
16. REVIEW: List the five building blocks of living thing and one function of each.
1. Building Block: Protein
Function:
Help cells do their job, protect cells, build and repair body
structures, speed up chemical reactions
2. Building Block: Lipids
Function:
Store fat; source of energy; form part of the cell membrane
3. Building Block: ATP
Function:
Major source of energy in a cell
4. Building Block: Nucleic Acid
Function:
Blueprint of life – instructs the cell how to make proteins
5. Building Block: Carbohydrates
Function:
Source of energy; store energy